CLL231: Fluid Mechanics for Chemical
Engineers
Somnath Ghosh
somnath@[Link]
Video: [Link]
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Course Information
Lectures
Room: LH 114
Schedule: Monday and Thursday
Time: 8:00 am to 9:30 am
Tutorials
Room: LH 313.5
Schedule: Mon, Tue, Thu and Fri
Time: 1:00 pm to 2:00 pm
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Fluid Mechanics
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Fluid Mechanics: History
Bernoulli Euler Lagrange Hagen Poiseuille Darcy
Leonardo
da Vinci
Romans Archimedes Newton Laplace Rayleigh Stokes Reynolds Prandtl
unknown
400 BCE 300 BCE 1500 CE 1600 CE 2023
After 1700 CE
irrigation
1859:Pennsylvania, USA 4
Fluid Mechanics and its realms
At different length scales
Astro-
Mathe-
Physics physics
matics
Medical Geophysics
Science
Fluid
Mechanics
Natural Aerospace
Science
Sports
engineering
Chemical and Mechanical and Civil
biochemical engineering engineering
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Fluid Mechanics: Examples
Chemical Industries
Oil extraction and transport Fluid flow through pipes and solid transport Oil transport
Repsol: [Link] KSB Company: [Link] SCANSCOT:[Link]
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Fluid Mechanics: Examples
Energy and process Industries
Power plant Process plant
Lesics: [Link] EPIC Systems: [Link]
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Fluid Mechanics: Examples
Automobile Industries
automobile High speed train
[Link] Foundation: [Link] SIMULIA: [Link]
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Fluid Mechanics: Examples
Aviation Industries
Aeroplane Design Spacecraft Design
Lesics: [Link] PIB India: [Link]
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Fluid Mechanics: Examples
Astro and Geophysics
Star formation Cloud monitoring Planetary phenomena
Science Channel: [Link] It's Just Astronomical!: [Link] The New York Times: [Link]
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Fluid Mechanics: Examples
Medical Science
Blood flow through veins Airflow Through the Human Respiratory System
BSC CNS: [Link]
Bupa Health UK: [Link]
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Fluid Mechanics: Examples
Nature
Synchronous motion of birds Synchronous motion of fish Reindeer Cyclone
BBC Earth: [Link] BBC Earth: [Link] Designboom: [Link]
Traffic
WilfFilmIndia: [Link] 12
Fluid Mechanics: In daily life
Paint
Veritasium: [Link]
Pitch drop experiment
computerman53: [Link]
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Fluid Mechanics: brief summary
Fluid Mechanics: from basics to technology
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Fluid Mechanics: Classification and Definition
What is fluid? Fluid
Mechanics
It is a substance that deforms
continuously when acted upon by a
shearing stress of any magnitude.
What is Stress? Statics Dynamics
Stress = Force/area { Normal and Shear Stress }
F
F
A A Inviscid Viscus
Laminar Turbulent
F
fluid
Compressible Incompressible
At rest, fluid is at zero shear stress. 15
Fluid Mechanics: units and properties
Primary dimensions
Mass [M]
Length [L]
Fluid properties
Time [T] Density (ρ) ≡ mass/volume ≡ kg/m3
Temperature [ϴ] Specific volume (υ) ≡ 1/density
Specific weight (ϒ) ≡ weight/volume
Specific gravity (SG) ≡ fluid density/ water density @ 4°C
SI Units
Force N
Mass kg From thermodynamic point of view (a state relation);
Length m ρ = f(T,P)
BG Units At standard condition (1 atm pressure and 300K),
Force lbf Density of water = 1000 kg/m3
Mass slug (1 slug=32.2 lbm) Density of air = 1.22 kg/m3
Length ft
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Major consideration for solving problems
Conditions must satisfy
1. Conservation of mass
2. Conservation of energy (First law of thermodynamics)
3. Newton’s second law of motion (conservation of linear momentum)
4. Second Law of thermodynamics
Appropriate boundary conditions need to be applied
Some other important conditions might be required to
satisfy based on the situations of flow problems
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