VECTOR Page # 343

VECTOR
EXERCISE – I HINTS & SOLUTIONS
Sol.1 D
 = 5, µ = 10
AB = –6 î – 10 ĵ + 3 k̂
Sol.6 A
AD = –2 î – 5 ĵ – 2 k̂
Since the vectors 2iˆ  3jˆ and 5iˆ  6jˆ have (1,1)
AB . AD  0
as the initial point, therefore their terminal points
so not a square or rectangle AB  AD so not are (3,4) and (6,7), respectively. The equation
a rhombus. of the line joining these two points is x – y + 1 =
0. The terminal point of 8iˆ  ˆj is ( 9,  + 1).
Sol.2 D
 Since the vectors terminate on the same straight
A(1,1,2)
AB = (3, 2, – 1) line, (9,  + 1) lies on x – y + 1 = 0 . Therefore,
9–+1=0

| AB | = 14 =9
 (4,3,1)B D C(2,3,5)
AC = (1, 2, 3)

Sol.7 A

| AC | = 14 Given a  2b  c ...(i)
 isosceles triangle   
 D is Mid point of BC  D = (3,3,3) and b  3c  a ...(ii)
   
AD  2i  2j  k where no two of a, b and c are collinear vec-
tors.
Sol.3 C 
 
Eliminating b from the above relations, we
AB = (3, 0, 4) A(o)
have

AC = (5, –2, 4)    
a  6c = c  2a

4)

Let A be origin.  
(5
, 0,

a 1  2  =    6  c
,–
(3

2,

D is the mid
)4

point of BC 1
D(4, –1, 4) B D C   and  = – 6 as a and c are non -
2
 (3,0,4) (5,–2,4)
AD = (4, –1, 4) collinear

| AD | 16  1  16 = 33 1
putting    in (ii) or  = – 6 in (i), we get
Sol.4 C 2
     
a  (2 2, 1,4) | b | 10 a  2b  6c  0
   
  a  2b  6c  0
b  a
 
| b |2  2 | a |2
Sol.8 C
100 = 2 (8 + 1 + 16)      
2 = 4   = ±2 a, b, c are non-coplaner  a b c   
       
2a  b  0 a  2b  3c b  4c (2  1)c 
 
Sol.5 A      
= (a  2b  3c) . [(b  4c)  (2  1)c]
AB = – 3î  ĵ  4k̂     
=  (2 – 1) (a  2b  3c) . (b  c)
BC  9î  (  2) ĵ  (µ  2)k̂   
 
=  2  1 a. b  c  0 
AB collinear with BC
3 1 4
  
9 2 µ2

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    
=  (2 – 1)  a b c  AC . CB  0  (a – 2, – 2, 0) . (a – 1, 0, 4) = 0
(a – 1) (a – 2) = 0  a = 1 and 2
Sol.9 A
Sol.14 A
m m 1 m  8  
m3 m4 m5 F1 = (4, 1, –3) F2 = (3, 1, –1)

m6 m7 m8 ds = (5, 4, 1) – (1, 2, 3) = (4, 2, –2)
   
R1  R2 – R1 work done = [Link]  F2 .ds = 24 + 16 = 40
R2  R2 – R3
Sol.15 B
3 3 3 1 1 1 
 
=  3  3  3 =–9 1 1 1 | a | = 1, | b | = 2, | c | = 3
m6 m7 m8 m6 m7 m8   
abc = 0
= –9[m + 8 – m – 7 ]–1[m+8–m– 6] –1[m+7–m–6]   
|a b c |2 = 0
= –18 m  R      
| a |2  | b |2  | c |2 + 2 (a.b  b.c  c.a) = 0
Sol.10 B
  
   1 + 4 + 9 + 2 (a.b  b.c  c.a) = 0
| a  b | 8  |a|2 + |b|2 – 2a.b = 64 ..(i)
   =–7
    a.b  b.c  c.a
| a  b| 10  |a|2 + |b|2 + 2a.b = 100 ..(ii)
Add (i) and (ii) equation Sol.16 C
2|a|2 + 2|b|2 = 164   
|b|2 = 82 – 25 a  ˆi  ˆj , b  ˆi  ˆj , c  ˆi  3ˆj  5kˆ ,
   
|b| = 57 a.n  0, b.n  0
 
 n  kˆ  | c.n | 5
Sol.11 A

Diagonals are a  b = (3, 0, 0) Sol.17 B
   
and a  b = (1, 2, 2) a = (–2, 1, 1), b = (1, 5, 0), c = (4, 4, – 2)
      
(a  b).(a  b) 3 1 d = 3a  2b
cos  =     = = = 3(–2, 1, 1) – 2(1, 5, 0)
|ab| |ab| 3.3 3
= (–6, 3, 3) – (2, 10, 0) = (–8, –7, 3)
 1 
Projection = | d | cos 
 = cos–1  
3  
 d.c d.c 32  28  6
= | d|   =  =
Sol.12 D | d || c | |c| 16  16  4
    66
a.(b  c)  0 ...(i) = = – 11.
6
  
b.(c  a)  0 ...(ii)
Sol.18 B
  
c.(a  b) = 0 ....(iii)   
3a, 4b,5c form triangle because
   
Add all equation a.b  b.c  c.a  0   
3a  4b  5c  0 and
  2  2  2         2  2  2
a  b  c | a |  | b |  | c |2 2(a.b  b.c c .a)
 
 3a   4b  5c 
   2 2 2 so, it is right angle triangle
|ab c | = | a |  | b |  | c | 0
= 9  16  25 = 5 2 5c
3a

Sol.13 D So, a  b
 
A (2, –1, –1), B = (1, –3, –5),
 4b
C = (a, –3, –1)

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Sol.19 C Sol.24 C
 
a  ˆi  ˆj b  2iˆ  kˆ A D
   
r a = ba .....(i)
  =   .....(ii)
r b ab E
Add (i) & (ii) B C
     
r  (a  b)  0  r || (a  b) = (3, 1, – 1) Let DE  to plane ABC

AB  (2, 2, 3)
Sol.20 D 
    2 BC  (2,2, 9)
(a  3b)  (3a  b)
i j k
        2  

= a  3a – a  b  9(b  a) – 3b  b  AB  BC  2 2 3
  2 2 9
= 100 (b  a)2 = 100 |b|2 |a|2 sin2 
= (–12, –24, 8)
3 
= 100 × 4 × 1 × = 300 AD = (–7, –7,7)
4  

Projection of AD along AB  BC  
Sol.21 B
  
Perpendicular to the plane of ABC will be area
vector 

AD. AB  BC
 

 DE  11units
AB  BC
 1   1    
 
A = 2 (AB  AC) = 2 (b  a)  (c  a)
 1       Sol.25 C
A  a  b  b  c  c  a         
2 A.B  A.C and A  B  A  C
   
      A B  A  C
(a  b  b  c  c  a)
Unit vector        
2 A  (A  B)  A  (A  C)
       
Sol.22 A  (A.B)A  | A |2 B  (A.C)A  | A |2 C
              
a || (b  c)  a.b  0 , a.c  0     
A .B A – | A |2 B  A .B A – | A |2 C
         
(a  b).(a  c) = [(a  b) a c]  BC
       
= [a c a  b] = a .  c × (a × b) 
Sol.26 D
            
= a .  (c.b)a – (a.c)b  = a 2 (b . c)  a.b  0 |u| = 1; |v| = 1
 
| 2u × 3v | = 1
Sol.23 D
    1
a = (1, 1, 1) b = (1, 1, 1) |u×v|=
6

c = (2, –3, 0)
       1 1
v = a  (b  c) = (a.c)b  (a.b)c = (–7, 8, –1) | u | | v | sin  = = sin  
6 6
 ( 7,8, 1) As  is acute angle then only one value possible
v
114
Sol.27 B
3        
Reqd. Vector = (7iˆ  8ˆj  k)
ˆ u  a  b , v  a  b , | a || b | 2
114
     
| u  v | = | (a  b)  (a  b) |
   
= | (a  b)  (a  b) |
 
= 2 | a b |

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  Sol.32 C
= 2 | a b |2
 a1 a2 a3 a1 b1 c1

= 2 | a |2| b |2 sin2  b1 b2 b3 a2 b2 c2
  c1 c 2 c 3 a3 b3 c3

= 2 | a |2| b |2 1  cos2  
      
= 2 | a |2| b |2 – | a |2| b |2 cos2  a.a a.b a.c
  
 
    Given c.a  0 & c.b = 0 = b.a b.b b.c
2
  
= 2 | a |2| b |2 – a.b  c.a c.b c.c

  2
= 2 4.4 – a.b  
| a |2 | a || b | cos 0
6
  2
= 2 16  a.b   = | a || b | cos

| b |2 0
6
Sol.28 C 0 0 | c |2

AC = (1)2  (2)2  (1)2

AD = proj. of AC on AD 
= |c|2 [ |a|2 + |b|2 – |a|2 |b|2 cos2 ]
(6)  (2)(3)  1(2) 6
=
7
AD = 2  3 1 2 2 2
= |c|2 |a|2 |b|2 1   = |c| |a| |b|
So shortest distance (CD)2 = (AC)2 – (AD)2  4 4
=6–4=2
1
CD = 2. =
4
(a12  a22  a23 ) (b12 + b22 + b23 )

Sol.29 C
Sol.33 B
 
1 2 –1 A .xc
  
1 1 0 a b c    
  A × x B
1 1 1 
take cross with A
       
= 3 a b c A  (A  x) = A  B
  
Sol.30 A  cA  A  B
x 
 
   | A |2
VOld = [a b c]
 
c +c
      a
VNew= [a+b b+c c+a] 
b + c

a Sol.34 D
   
a+
= 2 [a b c]  b    1   
so m = 2
b  
Given a  b  c  | b || c | a
3
    1   
Sol.31 B
  
 
  a.c  b – b.c a  | b || c | a
3
u v w  0
Given vectors are non two and non-colinear
      
(u  v  w) . [( u  v ) × ( v  w )]  1    
      – b.c   | b || c |, a.c  0
(u  p) . [(u – v) × p] 3
       
(u  p) . [u × p – v × p] 1  
 – | b || c | cos   | b || c |
       3
= – u . (v  p) = – u . (v  (v – w))
   1 1
= u . (v  w)  cos     sin    1 
3 9

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 
2 2  c  3b 
sin    B1  2 
3  4 
 

or sin  
2 2 1  
3 Area of A1B1C1 = | A B  A1C1 |
2 1 1

Sol.35 C 1  
Area of ABC = |bc |
 
direction of a  b & direction of c  d is
2

    Area of A1B1C1 25
  
parallel so, a  b  c  d  0  Ratio =
Area of ABC
=
64
.

Sol.36 A Sol.39 A
 
Given that a , b , c and d are vectors such that Aa
    
  
a b × cd = 0  ....(i)
Gg

P1 is the plane determined by vectors a and b .
 b B
Therefore, normal vectors n1 to P1 will be given c c 
     
by n1  a  b
 ab  c
Similarly, P2 is the plane determined by vectors G(g)   
 3
    
c and d . therefore, normal vectors n 2 to P2
        
will be given by :   
GA  GB  GC  OA  OG  OB  OG  OC  OG   
 
n 2 = c  d
      
 
Substituting the values of n1 and n 2 in (i), we  
GA  GB  GC  OA  OB  OC – 3OG
get   
      a  b  c 
n1  n 2  0  a  b  c  3  
   3 
Hence, n1 || n 2
   
Hence, the planes will also be parallel to each GA  G B  GC  0
other.
Thus angle between the planes = 0.
Sol.40 B

Sol.37 B AB  3iˆ  4k ˆ , A is origin
    
xa  yb  zc  0  OB  OA  3iˆ  4k ˆ
(For linearly independent vector)
      A0 =(0,0,0)
x(a  b)  y(b  c)  z(c  a)
     
xa  yb  zc – (xb  yc  za)
linear combination 0–0=0
     
So a  b, b – c, c – a are linearly dependent
B C
vector. M
(-3, 0,4) (5, -2,4)

Sol.38 B 
A(c) ˆ
 OB  3iˆ  4k

 b  3c 
  
C1  2 
M 2(b + c) AC  OC  OA  5iˆ  2j ˆ
ˆ  4k
 4  M 3(c/2)
  2 
OC  5iˆ  2j ˆ
ˆ  4k
 
bc 0
 2  M = (1,–1,4)
A1 A(o) M1(b/2) B(b)   
 4 
  AM = OM  OA

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
ˆ
AM = ˆi  ˆj  4k Sol.42 B
   
AM = i2  12  (4)2 = 18 a b c
Let    
| a| |b | | c |
  
Sol.41 D sina a , b , c are mutually perpendicular
   vectors if,  makes angles
 
3 ta n   1 a   
3 se c   2 b  0    with a, b and c respectively
  then
a & b are linear independant  
  a.a
So, 3 tan   1  0 . a  
| a|
1   
tan    |  | . | a | cos   | a |
3
1
2 cos   
3 sec   2  sec   ||
3
Both are possible in fourth quardrant & 1
Similarly cos   
||
 11
 or
6 6 1
cos   
||
 11
so,   2n  or   2n      
6 6

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EXERCISE – II HINTS & SOLUTIONS (LEVEL - I)

Sol.1 B 2 – 2 cos 2 < 1

P(7,–1,2)  
cos 2 > 1/2  0  2 < =0<
3 6
Sol.4 C
         
| u  v   |2 = | u |2  | v |2  |  |2 – 2 (u.v  v. – .u)
N 
b    
= 14 – 2 (u.v  v. – .u)
  
u.v .u .v  
Given  =  =  and .v  0 &  .i  0
p' |u| |u| |u|

     .v
u.v  .u  
ON  (+ 9, 3+ 5, 5+ 5) |v|
    2 
PN = ( + 2, 3+ 6, 5 + 3) | u – v   | = 14 – 2 (2 .u )
     
b = (1, 3, 5) PN . b = 0 | u – v   |2 = 14
( + 2) + 3 (3 + 6) + 5(5 + 3) = 0   
| u – v   | = 14
 10( + 2) + 5(5 + 3) = 0
10 + 20 + 25 + 15 = 0 Sol.5 D
35 + 35 = 0  = – 1   
u = (1, 1, 0), v = (1, –1, 0), w = (1, 2, 3)
    
  p  p' u.nˆ  0 , v.nˆ  0 then  | w.nˆ | = |± 3| = 3
ON = (8, 2, 0)  N =
2  
where n̂  (u  v)  n̂  2kˆ
p’ = 2N – P = 2(8, 2, 0) – (7, –1, 2) 1
= (16, 4, 0) – (7, –1, 2) = (9, 5, – 2) | n̂ | = 1   = ±  2 = ± 1
2

Sol.2 B Sol.6 C
Let A be the first term and D is common difference In ADC
DC AC
1 1 1 
= A+(p–1) D, = A+(q–1)D, = A+ (r–1)D sin60 sin ADC
a b C
 1 AD2  AC2  DC2
cos = =
3 2 2  AD  AC
 qr  r p  p  q
u.v = a +  b  +  c   AD 
2
 DC 
2

 AC   1   AC 
   
1 =  AD 
 1 1  1 1  1 1  AC 
= q    + r    + p    
a c  b a  c b 
D(d) C(c)
= q [A + (p – 1)D – A – (r – 1) D],
 15|AD| = 5 |AD|
Similarly u.v  0
A(0) B(b)

Sol.3 A AD
 3 = AC
| e1  e2 |  1
2
  DC 
91
| e1 |2  | e2 |2 2 | e1 | | e 2 | cos 2  1 
 1 =  AC 
3

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2 Sol.8 A
 DC  
 AC  = 7 Let a1 be of OAB
 

a2 be of OBC
DC
 7 
AC a3 be of OCA

DC sin 60  a4 be of ABC
From = =
AC sin ADC 7  1    1  
a1  (a  b) ; a2  (b  c)
sin 60 3 2 2
21
 sinADC= = =
7 2 7 14 O
 21 
ADC = sin–1  14 
 
In ADX  
A (a) C (c)
120°+ADC+=180
 = 60–ADC

 cos=cos(60°–ADC) B (b)
 1 21 
= cos  60  sin 14   1    1    
  a3  (c  a) ; a 4  [(c  a)  (b  a)]
2 2
= 0.7559
   
2 a1  a 2  a 3  a 4  0

7
2 Sol.9 D
cos=  
7 a = (1, 1, 1), b = (1, –1, 2),

2 c = (x, x – 2, – 1)
=cos–1
7 ˆi ˆj kˆ
  1 1 1
M-II Cos=cos(60–) ab = = (3, –1, –2)
= cos60 cos+sin60 sin  21  1 1 2
  sin1 
 14    
1 175 3 21   c.(a  b)  0
=  
2 14 2 14 21
sin   3x – (x – 2) + 2 = 0  x  2
175  63 14

28 175 Sol.10 B
cos  
14 
5 7 3 7 8 7 A (o)
cos =
14 14
n n
 2 
1
  cos   L N
 7 n
n

 
B (c) m M n C (c)
Sol.7 C   
      Assume A (0) , B (b) C (c)
a  b  c , b  d  0 , c.d  0
   Position vector of L, M, N
assume b  ˆi , c  ˆj , d  2iˆ
  
      mb   mc   mc  nb 
d  (a  d)  (d.a)d L N
  M
  
2 a 2 m n m n   m n 
d = d
 1  
 d  Area of ABC = |c b|
= a  = ˆi  ˆj  ˆi = ĵ  c 2
2
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Sol.14 C
1        
Area of LMN = | LN  LM | [a b c] = (a × b) . c
2

     a1 a2 a3 a1 b1 c1
1  nc  mb   mc  nb  mb     b1 b2 b3 a2 b2 c 2

= 2 mn     = [a b c]2 =
   mn  c1 c 2 c 3 a3 b3 c 3
   1 cos  cos 
1 1   a.a a.b a.c
= 2 (n(n  m)  m2 ) (c  b)    cos  1 cos 
(m  n)2 = b.a b.b b.c =
   cos  cos  1
c.a c.b c.c
A(LMN) n2  mn  m2
= = (1 – cos ) 1  2cos 
A( ABC) (m  n)2
Sol.15 A
= (a, 1, 1), = (1, b, 1), = (1, 1, c)
Sol.11 B
 a 1 1
  
Let S(o) , P(a) , Q(b) , R(c)   
A B C = 1 b 1 0
       
1 1 c
= | PQ  RS – QR  PS  RP  QS |
         1 1 1
= | (b – a)  (–c) – (c  b) × ( a) + (a  c) × (b) | =   1
1 a 1 b 1 c
   
= 2 | (c  b) | = 2 (b  c) = 4 Area of QRS
Sol.16 A
     
Sol.12 D (d  a) . (a  (b  (c  d)))
        
a = (x, y, 2) b = (1, –1, 1) (d  a) . (a  {(b.d)c – (b.c)d})
        
c = (1, 2, 0) (d  a) . [(b.d)(a  c) – (b.c)(a  d)]
     
a.b = 0 a.c = 4
(b.d) [ a c d]
x–y+2=0 ... (1)
x + 2y = 4 ...(2)
x = 0, y = 2 Sol.17 C

a = (0, 2, 2)  
        (b  c )
[a b c] = a . (b × c) (a × b)× 
  v
b × c = (–2, 1, 3)
= (0, 2, 2) . (–2, 1, 3) = 2 + 6 = 8 | a |2   
=(a × b)× v
Sol.13 C      
    = (a . v ) b – (b .v ) a
r . (a + b + c) = 0
          
r = l(b × c) + m (c × a) + n(a × b) =[a b c ] b
           
r.a = l[a b c] ...(i) (b ×c )× (c ×a )= [b c a ] c
   
r.b = m[a b c] ...(ii)        
    (c × a ) × (a ×b ) = [c a b ] a
r.c = n[a b c] ...(iii)
     
       So box product = [ a b c ]3 [ a b c ]
Add them r . (a + b + c) = (l + m + n) [a b c]
l+m+n=0   
= [ a b c ]4

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Sol.18 A
           
(a
 b)  (r  c)  (b
  c)  (r  a)  (c  a)  (r
  b)
 Sol.21 D
P W V 
      Let new vector is a
  
= P  (r  c)  w  (r  a)  (c  a)  v

               ˆ
So, a  2 ˆi  ˆj  3k
= (P.c)r – (P.r )c  (W.a)r  (W.r )a  (c.V)a  (a.V)c
         
= [a b c]r  [a b r ]c  [b c a]r  [b c r ]a  =2 1  x2  9
     
[c r b]a  [a r b]c 
   a  2 10  x2
= 2 [a b c]r
 
Sol.19 A 
a ˆi  xj
ˆ  3k 
ˆ cos   a. ˆi  xj ˆ
ˆ  3k  

d  aˆ  bˆ
11
2 10  x2 10  x2 .
4iˆ  3kˆ | 14iˆ  2ˆj  5kˆ | 14
= +
5 15

12iˆ  9kˆ  14iˆ  2ˆj  5kˆ


a  
ˆ . ˆj  xj
 4iˆ   4x  2  ˆj  2k ˆ  3k 
=
15 
d 11
2iˆ  2ˆj  4kˆ 2 ˆ ˆ ˆ 7
 
10  x2 = 4+x(4x–2) +6
= = (i  j  k)
15 15 
b 11(10+x2) = 7 (10+4x2 –2x)
110 + 11 x2 = 70 (10+ 4x2–2x)
Sol.20 A 110 + 11x2 = 70 + 28x2 = 14x
   
Let a = a1 a +a2 c +a3 b  c 17x2 – 14x –40 =0
only “2” is satifies this equation
  So, option = D
     a. b.c    
so,  
a.b b   a.c  c    2 b  c
b  c
 
 

  a3  

=  a1  b   a2  c  b  c 2 b  c
 

   


= a1b  a2c  a3 b  c   b  c  1

=a

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EXERCISE – II HINTS & SOLUTIONS (LEVEL - II)

Sol.5 B,D
Sol.1 A,B,C,D 
   r = (3, 1, – 1) +  (2, –1, 2)
A B  C (a  b  c ) P.V. of ‘P’ = 3 + 2, 1 – , –1 + 2
G= = ( î  ĵ  k̂ )
3 3
B | AP | = ( 2 ) 2  (   ) 2  (2 )2  15
then [A] and [B] are correct.
2 = 25   = ± 5
| AB |  | BC | = | CA | for  = 5  [B] and for  = – 5  [D]
then [D] is also correct.
A C Sol.6 A,C
[C]  (By observation)
 
c  (â  b̂)  (1,7,2)
9
Sol.2 C,D
   2
Let r  x î  y ĵ  3k̂ |c| 5 6  |c |= ( 1  49  4 ) = 5 6
81
So, x – 2 = , y – 6 = – 3
for [B], x = 2, y = 3 |  | 15 (1, – 7, – 2)
Since value of  is not same hence [B] is  5  5
rejected. c  (1,7,2) or c  ( 1,7,2)
For [C], x = 1, y = 9 3 3
Both equation gives  = – 1 So [A] and [C] are correct Answer.
hence [C] is correct.
Sol.7 A,B,C
Since in given equation k̂ = 0 here [D] is correct.
z2(c, d) c=0
Sol.3 A,C,D b=0
  2 2 1
Let a   , ,  z 1(a, b)
3 3 3

| a | = 1  [A]

2 , 23, 13 .(2, 4, 3)
cos  = 3
| z1 | = a2  b2 = a = r

1. 29 | z2 | = c 2  d2 = d = r
4  8 1 
3 3 3 | w 1 | a 2  c 2 = a = r
= =
29 29 
 | w 2 | b 2  d2 = d = r
a.(3,2,2) = 0  [D] is correct Answer..  
w 1; w 2 = ab + cd, then c = 0, b = 0
  2 2 1  1  
a  ( 1,1, 1 2)   , ,     1,1,–  so w 1; w 2 = 0. Hence A, B, C
3 3 3  2
Sol.8 A,B
2 1 2 î ĵ î For a triangle
k̂  ĵ  k̂    = 0
3 3 3 3 3 3
   
[C] is correct options. (A) a + b + x a – y b = 0
Sol.4 A,B  x = –1, y = 1
 
ˆ  ˆj then â  b
Let â  ˆi, b ˆ  ˆi ˆj  k
ˆ |a + b|= 1  1  2 cos 

Let required vector be r and it makes  
with x, y, z axis then given  =  =  = 2 cos
2
 cos  = cos  = cos
 
    
1 a .b  a (a b) 
 
 +m +n =1=±
2 2 2
(B) + | a + b |    
3   | a || a  b |
| a || b |  
 ˆ
New r  (ˆi  mj
ˆ  nk)
     
a .b – a . (a +b ) = –| a |2 = –1
 1  1
r  ( î  ĵ  k̂ )  r  (â  b̂  â  b̂ )
3 3

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Sol.9 B,D Sol.13 A,D


b.c  0 2 3 a
tan2 + tan  – 6 = 0   
tan  = 3 and tan  = –2 p q r  = b 5  1 = 0 ..... (1)
 1 1 3
Also, a . (0, 0, 1) < 0

sin 2 < 0 x < 0 and p.q  20  a = 5 – 2b ......(2)
sin  cos  < 0 from equation (1) : 5a – 9b – ab + 2q = 0
  must lie in second and fourth quadrant. put a = 5 – 2b,
Now, tan  = 3 is rejected. Hence b = 3, 9
tan  = – 2 from equation (2) : (a = – 1 and – 13)
– tan  = 2  tan ( – ) = 2 tan (2 – ) = 2
so [B] & [D] is correct options. Sol.14 A,B,C
      
Sol.10 A,D a  b  c  a.(b  c )  a  c
       
a  (b  c)  d  (b  c)  a.c  0  b.c  0
          
(a  d)  (b  c ) = 0  (a  d) || (b  c ) Now, (b  c )  a
   
Sol.11 A,D b . a  0 , c . a  0 , hence [A],
      
     1 1 1 (a  b )  c  c . (a  b )  | c |
(a  b)  (c  d)   , , 
6 3 3       2
c a b   a b c  = | c|  [C]
   
     1 1 1
(| a || b | sin 30ˆ )  (c  d)   , ,        2
 6 3 3 b  c  a  a . (b c)  |a|
     1 2 2     2
a b c = |a|  [B]
(ˆ . d)c  ( ˆ . c )d   , ,   
3 3 3
 (1,  2, 2) Sol.15 A,B,C,D
c –0=  
3       
m = a  (b  c)  (a.c)b – (a.b)c
 ( î  2 ĵ  2k̂ ) 
c = [A] and obviously [D will also m = (xy + yz + zx) ((y– z) î + (z – x) ĵ + (x – y) k̂ )
3 
be the answer as there can be two unit vectors Now, m × ((y – z), (z – x), (x – y)) = 0  [A]

perpendicular to a plane. m . (1, 1, 1) = 0  [B]

m . ((y + z), (z + x), (x + y)) = 0  [C]
Sol.12 A,D 
and m . (x, y, z) = 0  [D]
  
n = AB × AC = (1, 2, 1) Hence A, B, C, D
 A1
A = (1, 0, 1)

A1 = (0, –2, 0) C1 B1

similarly A1 = (2 , 2, 2) A2

C B

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EXERCISE – III HINTS & SOLUTIONS

   
 3(a  3b)  2(6a  2b) (
1,1
, 1)
Sol.1 c
5 Sol.4 
r = (1, 2, 3) +   
d

(
1,1
, 1)

r = (1, 2, 3) +   
d
   
c  3a  b a.b 1  1  1 1
 =    
| a|| b | 3 3 3
  
 2b  a  so acute angle bisector
 b 
 3   a 
Sol.2 P    2 r = (1, 2, 3) + t (â  b̂)
 1  1
t
= (1, 2, 3) + [(1, –1, 1)– (1, 1, –1)]
3

= (1, 2, 3) +  ( ĵ  k̂ )

Sol.5(i) Diagonal bisect each other

2 1
 ... (1)
3(  1) 2(  1)

 
 ...(2)
3(  1) (  1)
(1) – (2)
1 3
2= = 4     OP :PD = 3 : 2
2 2
3  53
   
Sol.3 (a) Let P, Q, & R be three vectors 2 2
   = –1
PQ  a  5b  7c –3 + = –2 = 1
   + 1 = 2 = 1
QR  2a  10b  14c
D(–1, 1, 1)
(QR )  2(PQ ) (ii) AB = (6, –1, 1) AC = (8, 2, 2)
Here collinear.
| AB | = 38 | AC | = 6 2
(b) AB = (2, 2, 4)
(6,1,1)
Reqd. vector = .6 2
AC = (–6, – 6, – 12)  AC = – 3 AB 38
  
Here A,B, C are collinear 6
Let the ratio be k : 1 = (6, –1, 1)
19
k
So, C A B (iii) AC = (8, 2, 2) BD  (4,4,0)
1
AC . BD 1 2
3k  1 1 cos = 
3 k= (externally) | AC | | BD | 2 = 3
k 1 3

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 
Sol.6 (i) | e1  e2 |2  1  = 2, µ=
1
2
1  Here BD and CO intersect in the same ratio.
1 + 1 – 2cos = 1 cos = =
2 3
Sol.10 Shortest distance between two lines
  2   2
   
 a b  a b
(ii)    (a  a1).(b1  b2 )
 a2 b2  = a2 b2 d  2  
  | b1  b2 |
    
a2 b2 2a.b 1 1 a.b a1 = (4, –1, 0) a2 = (1, –1, 2)
=   =  2
a 4
b 4 2 2
ab 2
a b 2 2 2
ab  
b1 = (1, 2, –3) b2 = (2, 4, –5)
  2  
 ab  1   a2  a1 = (–3, 0, 2)
    = 2 2 (a2 + b2 – 2 a . b )
 | a| | b |  a b  
  b1  b2 = (2,–1,0)
     
1 1 2a . b (a2  a1 ).(b1  b2 )  6
  LHS = RHS.
a2 b2 a2b2  
| b1  b2 | 4  1  0  5

1       1   6 6
 Shortest distance d  
Sol.7 x + p 2 (p . x) p = q and p . x = 2 (p . q) 5 5
      Sol.11 (i)
 (p . q) p    (p . q) p  
x  q  x  q 
2 p2 2 p2 A = (2,0, 1) B = (1, 1, 1)

 C = (4, –3, 7)
Sol.8 (i) r2 = (2, 1, 3) – 2µ (3, –2, 4)  
R.A = 0
Here both lines are parallel.
   
(ii) 1 +  = 2 + 2µ ....(1) R B = C  B
–1 –  = 4 + µ ....(2)      
3 +  = 6 + 3µ ....(3) A  (R  B)  A  (C  B)
from (1) and (2)            
3µ = – 6  µ = –2 (A . B) R  (A . R) B  (A . B) C  (A . C) B
then =–3         
Since  = – 3 and µ = –2 (A . B) R  (A . B) C  (A . C) B
satisfies (3), hence both lines are intersecting.  
  A .C   (8  7)   5
(iii) 1 +  = 2 + 4µ ...(1) R C   B  C B = C B
A. B (2  1) 3
3 = 3 – µ ...(2)
1 + 4 = µ ...(3)  
= C  5 B = (4, –3, 7) – 5(1, 1, 1)
2 15 
from 2 and 3 7 + 1 = 3   = ,µ= R = (–1, –8, –2)
7 7
since these values of  and µ not satisfy 1 hence (ii)

non-intersecting. Let V = ()
  
B(c  a) C(c ) V.(a  b)  0

1
Sol.9 P î ĵ k̂
µ 1  1 1 2
 
ab =  3 î  3 ĵ  3k̂
O D A (a ) 1 2 1
   
 2  1 a  c µc
–3 – 3 – 3 = 0 ... (1)
P.V. of P are   =
µ 1
 1 –2 + 3 –  = 0 ... (2)

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
| V | cos = 6 3 1
  Sol.15 Required area = | EC  EF |
2 
 V.C A( a )
  6 3
| V | | V || C |   
  1   2a   b  2a 
V.C =  c   
 6 3 2  3   3  E
|C|
 F 
       D
B( b )
6 3 1 c  b 2a  c b  2a
3 = 2 3  3  9
– = 18 ...(3) 
C( c )
By solving (1) (2) (3)
 = 0,  =–9, = 9 1  a 2 sin    2a2 sin    2 
ˆ 2   2a sin  ˆ 3
 = 2 3 ˆ1  

  3   9 
V  9( ĵ  k̂) .      

Sol.12 Let Point of intersection is P. a2 2 

= 6 sin  ˆ 1  2 sin  ˆ 2   3 sin  ˆ 3
equation of plane CDE  
–3(x + 4) + 2 (y – 0) – 11 (z – 4) = 0 ...(i)
Let any point on line AB is a2 4
= sin2   4sin2   sin2 
P (1 + , 2 – , 1 + ) 6 9

P will lie on plane ....(i)

a2 49 sin2  3
so  = 11/8  , sin2 =
6 9 4
so P(19/8, 11/8, 19/8).

7a2 7a2  3  7a2

sin   18  2  = sq. units.
Sol.13 Vector normal to plane ABC is 8 î –4 ĵ +3 k̂ 18   12 3

Vector normal to plane ADC is –2 î + ĵ +6 k̂ Sol.16 (i) Equation of BC D

So acute angle between plane ABC & ADC  
r = (3, 0, 1) +  (1, 3, 5) n
2 AM  BC
can  = .
89 41
A C
Sol.14 (i) Let  AM . BC = 0
N
 1
A = (4, 8, 12) = , B
7
 
B = (2, 4, 6); C = (3, 5, 4)
 22 3 12 
 So, P.V. of M   , , 
 7 7 7 
D = (5, 8, 5)
  6
AB = (–2, –4, –6) ; AC = (–1, –3, –8) | AM | = 14
7

AD = (1, 0, –7)
3 1 1
  
[ AB AC AD ] = 0 (ii) V =
1
6
 6

AB AC AD = 1 4 2 4 = 6

 Hence points are coplanar. 2 2 0

(ii) Same as part (i).

(iii) From figure n  AB  AC  2( î  8 ĵ  5k̂ )

Equation of DN : r = (2, 3, 2) + µ (1, 8, – 5)

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 
 1 3 Sol.19 (i) a = (1, –2, 3) b = (3, –6, 9)
AN  n  µ = – 5 So, DN = 10
5 
b = 3(1, –2, 3)
 
1 2) b  3a Linearly dependent
,– 1, –
+  (3  
1, 2) N1 (ii) a = (–2, 0, –4) b = (1, –2, –1)
r = ( 0,
(iv) 
c = (1, –4, 3) = 0
N2   
xa  yb  zc  0
r = (4, 3, 6) + µ (–2, 0, – 4)
x(–2, 0, –4)+ y(1, –2, –1) + z(1, –4, 3)=0
    x = 0, y = 0, z = 0 Linear Independent
(a2  a1).(b1  b2 )
d=  
|b1  b2 |   
Sol.20 (a  b).a = 0
 
36 a2 + a.b  0  a.b  a2 ..... (1)
d= = 6   
216 (2a  b).b = 0
 
2a.b | b |2  0
Sol.17 P and Q are intersecting points of diagonals of
–2a2 + 2a2 = 0 Hence proved.
parallelogram ABDE and ABCF.
P.V. of E (– 7, 22, – 1) Sol.21 (1 – x, –y) . (– 1 – x, – y)
P.V. of F  (– 2, 23, 4) – 1 + x2 + y2 – 3 = 0
1 x2 + y2 = 4
Area of AEF = | AF  AE | x2  [0, 4]
2
(1  x )2  y 2 (1  x )2  y 2
ˆi ˆj ˆ
k
1 1 ˆ 5  2x 5  2x
= 3 1 1 =  6iˆ  20j
ˆ  2k
2 2
2 0 6 25  4 x 2

M= 25  4  4 = 9
440
= = 110 = S = S = 110
10
2 M= 25  4  0 = 25

M2 + m2 = 25 + 9 = 34

Sol.18 a = (1, 2, 3) b = (2, –1, 1)
 
c = (3, 2, 1) d = (3, –1, –2) 1
Sol.22 cos  =
      3 y
(i) a  (b  c) = pa  qb  rc P(1,2,2)
a
      cos (90 – ) =
(a . c)b  (a . b)c 3 
     90– x
10b  3c = pa  qb  rc a
sin  =
p = 0, q = 10, r = –3 3 z
P'(a,b,c)
       2 2 a
(ii) (a  b)  (a  c).d [ (a  b) = p] =  a= 2 2
3 3
   
p  (a  c).d a2 + b2 + c2 = 3
       a + 2b + 2c = 0
[(p . c)a  (p . a)c] .d
Solve & get b & c
    
[a b c] (a. d) = (20) (–5) = –100

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     
Sol.23 (a) take dot with a p( x . a ) = a . b P .B  A .B – P. B
Cross with a  
 P.B  0 .....(iii)
p( x × a ) + ( x × a ) × a = b × a   
 A  B A
 P
P( b – p x ) + ( x . a ) a – |a|2 x = b × a 2
         
a.b Now (P  B)  B  (P.B)B – (B.B)P  –P
pb – px + a – |a|2 x = b × a
p      
P, A, P  B ( A –P) are dependent
p2 b  ( a . b )a  p(b  a)  
x = .
p(p2  a2 ) Also P.B  0
   2
 A– AB
and | P |2 
2
COMPREHENSION # 1
  
OA  OB  OC 1 | A |2  | A  B |2
Sol.24  OG  OO' =
3 3 4
1 1 1  1
 OA  OB  OC  OO'  or| P | 
= 4 2 2
O' A  O' B  O' C 2
Sol.25  O' G  O' O
3 3 MATRIX MATCH TYPE
  
Sol.26 O' B  O' C  2O' D Sol.30 If a, b and c are three coterminus edges
of parallelopiped, triangular prism and tetrahe-
= 2(O' A  AO  OD)
dron, then
= 2O' A  2AO  AO' ( AO'  2AD )   1  
V1 = [abc] , V2 = [abc] and
2
= – 2O' A  2AO  AO' 1  
V3 = [abc]
= – AO'  2AO 6
    1 1
V1 : V2 : V3 = 1 : :
AO'  O'B  O'C  2AO 2 6
=6:3:1
 
(A) Here, a  î  ĵ  6k̂, b  î  ĵ  4k̂
Sol.27 (B), 28 (B), 29 (D) 
        and c  2 î  5 ĵ  3k̂
P  B  A – P and| A | | B | 1 and A.B  0
1 1 6
is given   V1  1  1 4
    2 5 3
Now P  B  A – P ....(i)
= 1 (– 3 + 20) + 1 (3 – 8) – 6(– 5 + 2)
      = 17 – 5 + 18 = 30
(P  B)  B  (A – P )  B
 V2 = 15 and V3 = 5
(taking cross product with B on the side) 2V1 + 3V3 = 30 + 15 = 45 = 3V2 (P)
          V1 + V2 + V1 = 50 (S)
or (P.B)B –(B.B)P  A  B – P  B V1 + 3V3 = 30 + 15 = 45 = 3V2 (R)
        and V1 : V2 : V3 = 6 : 3 : 1 (T)
or (P .B)B –P  A  B – A  P

       (B) Here, a  2 î  3 ĵ  3k̂
or 2P  A – A  B –(P.B)B 
      b  4 î  5 ĵ  3k̂
 A – A  B –(P.B)B
or P ....(ii) 
2 and c  6 î  2 ĵ  3k̂

Taking dot product with B on both side of 2 3 3
(i), we get V1 = 4 5  3
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= – 2 (– 15 + 6) – 3(– 12 + 18) – 3(8 – 30)

= 18 – 18 + 66 = 66
V2 = 33 and V3 = 11
 2V1 + 3V3 = 132 + 33 = 165 = 5V2 (P)
V1 + V2 + V3 = 110
V1 + 3V3 = 66 + 33 = 3V2 (R)
and V1 : V2 : V3 = 6 : 3 : 1 (T)
 
(C) Here, a  3 î  ĵ  k̂, b  4 î  2 ĵ  4k̂

and c  2î  2 ĵ
3 1 1
 V1 =4 2 4
2 2 0
= – 3(0 – 8) – 1 (0 – 8) + 1 (8 – 4)
= 24 + 8 + 4
= 36
 V2 = 18 and V3 = 6
2V1 + 3V3 = 72 + 18 = 90 = 5V2 (P),
V1 + V2 + V3 = 60 (Q)
V1 + 3V3 = 36 + 18 = 54 = 3V2 (R)
V1 : V2 : V3 = 6 : 3 : 1 (T)

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EXERCISE – IV HINTS & SOLUTIONS (LEVEL - I)

 
a c
Sol.1 Since,  =   ...(iii)
      ab
[ 3u pv pw ] – [ pv w qu ] –
  
  (a
    c)
[ 2w qv qu ] = 0  dc   b
      (a  b)
 3p2 [u  (v  w)] – pq [v  (w  u)]
   Sol.5 A
– 2q2 [w  (v  u)]

   c.d  0  ˆ ˆ  10(a.b)
5  4(a.b) ˆˆ  8  0
(3p2 – pq + 2q2) [u  (v  w)] = 0

But

[uvw] 0
 6 ˆ
a.b 
ˆ 3

 3q2 – pq + 2q2 = 0  ˆ1

â.b 

 p=q=0 2 3

  
Sol.2 We have, a  b  c = 0
    
 a  (a  b)  a  c  0
       
 (a  b)a  (a  a)b  a  c  0 Sol.6
   
 3a  2b  a  c  0
   
 2b  3a  a  c

 2b  3 ĵ  3k̂  2 î  ĵ  k̂  2 î  2 ĵ  4k̂  
  p·q
 Projection of q or p = 
 b   î  ĵ  2k̂ |p |
  
 q·p p
Sol.3 Since the given vector are mutually Projection component along p =  · 
|p | |p |
orthogonal, therefore   
  (q·p)·p
a b = 2 – 4 + 2 = 0 =  
  (p·p)
a  c =  – 1 + 2µ = 0 ...(i) In ABE
   
b  c = 2+ 4 + µ = 0 ...(ii)    p ·q  
 
On solving Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get r = –q +  p ·p  p

 
µ = 2 and  = – 3
Hence, (, µ) = (– 3, 2) 
Sol.7 If AD is given mediam, then
     1  
Sol.4 Given, a  b 0, a  d = 0 ...(i) ˆ
AD  (AB  AC)  4iˆ  ˆj  4k
    2
and bc  bd
   AD = 16  1  16
 b  (c  d) = 0
   = 33 .
 b || (c  d) Sol.8 D
   [ab bc ca] = (ab).[(bc)  (c a)]
 c  d  b (a b) .([bca]c –[bcc] a)
   = (ab)([bca]c–0
 d  c  b ...(ii)
=(ab).c [abc]
 = [abc] [abc]
Taking dot product with a ,
= [abc]2
     
a  d  a  c  a  b So,  =1
   
 0 = a  c  (a  b)

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Sol.9 A 
Sol.12 Let u  lˆi  mj ˆ
ˆ  nk
l+m+n=0
l2 – m2 – n2 = 0   
u a b  = 0
(m + n)2 – m2 – n2 = 0  
mn = 0
m = 0 or n=0 l m n
1.l + 1.m + 1.n = 0, 1.l + 1.m + 1.n = 0 2 3 1
= 0
0.l + 1.m + 0.n = 0, 0.l + 0.m + 1.n = 0 0 1 1
(3l+2n)–(–l+2m)=0
l m n l m n
   
1 1 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 4l  2m  2n  0 …(1)
,  
1 0 0 0 0 10 1 1 0 0 0 ua = 0
l m n l m n 2l+3m–n = 0 …(2)
  or  
1 0 1 1 1 0 m+n=24 …(3)
 1  0  0  4l  2m  2n  0
Cos  =    4l  6m  2n  0
 2 2 
   
1
Cos  =  = 8m  4n  0
2 3
4n=8m
Sol.10 C
1 n  2m
(a  b)  c  | b || c | a
3 m+2m=24
1 m8 n  16
(a.c) b – (b.c) a  bc a  0.b
3 4l–16+32=0
1
–b.c  bc , a.c  0 l  4
3
1 
µ  4iˆ  8j ˆ
ˆ  16k
– bc cos = bc
3
2
1 2 2 µ  336
cos = –  sin  =
3 3
Sol.11 C
   3  

a b c 
2
 bc  
    3 3
 
 a.c  b  a.b c  b  c
2 2

b & c is not parallel
 3  3
so, a.c = & a.b = 
2 2
5
a . b . cos   cos
6
5
cos   cos
6
5

6

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Sol.1 Evaluating mid point of PR & QS which given M

Sol.6
 î 
=   ĵ , same for both

a1i + a2j + a3k
 2 
S R

SR = PQ = 37 
b1i + b2j + b3k
b1i + b2j + b3k
PS = QR = 10
P 
a1i + a2j + a3k Q
S( 3 î  2 ĵ) (3 î  3 ĵ)R
     
PR  PQ  PS & SQ  SP  SR
M
Hence,
a1+b1=3 a1–b2=1
P ( 2 î  ĵ ) ( 4 ĵ ) Q
a2+b2=1 a2–b2=–3
a3+b3=–2 a3–b3=–4
angle b/w PS & SR  90º
After solving these six equation
angle b/w PR & SQ  90º a1=2 a2=–1 a3=–3
only parallelogram. b1=1 a2=2 a3=1
So,
Sol.2 5 
          PQ  2iˆ  ˆj  3kˆ
2 a . [( a × b ) × ( a – 2 b )] + b . [( a × b ) × ( a – 2 b )]

          PS  ˆi  2j
ˆ k ˆ
= 2[ a × ( a × b ) . ( a – 2 b )] + [ b × ( a × b ) . ( a – 2 b )]

      2 2 PT  ˆi  2j
ˆ  3kˆ (given)
= –2 b .( a – 2 b ) + ( a ) . ( a – 2 b ) = 4|b| + |a|
 
( a . b = 0) 2 1 3
1 2 1
Sol.3 C volume of parallel piped = =10
1 2 3
Let the vector is v
   So, option = C
v = xa  yb
 Sol.7 5
v = (x + y) î + (x – y) ĵ + (x + y) k̂ .....(1)
P=5
 
 v. c (x  y)  (x  y)  (x  y) pair of coplanar vector
n
proj of c = =
|c| 3 1 1 1  – 1, – 1, – 1
–1 1 1  1, – 1, – 1
1 1 –1 1  – 1, 1, – 1
=  x–y=–1 .....(2)
3 –1 –1 1  1 : 1, – 1
Sol.4 A,D for one pair 6 possibilities
Required vector for four pair 2p possibilities
So No. n-coplaner vector
= [( î  ĵ  2k̂ ) × ( î  2 ĵ  k̂ )] × ( î  ĵ  k̂ ) 8C – 24 = 32
3
2p = 32
= k( 4 ĵ  4k̂ ) = ( î  k̂ ) so A&D
P=5
Sol.5
   Sol.8 C
(r  c) × b = 0
      

 r  c   b = (1 – , 2 + , 3) (P) [2a  b 3b  c c  a]
         
r . a  0  = 4 so r .b  9 = 6 [a  b b  c c  a]
 
= 6 [a b c] 2 = 24

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P3 1 p q
+0= + + r  p + q + 2r = 2
2 2 2
     
(Q) [3(a  b) b  c 2 c  a]
1 1 1
      p=
2
,q=–
2
,r=
2
= 6 [a  b b  c c  a]
  1 1
= 6 × 2 [a b c] = 60 1
p2  2q2  r2 2 2 =4
Q4  =
q2 1
1     2
(R) a  b = 20, a  b = 40
2
Sol.11 A,C,D
1    
(2a  3b)  (a  b) P
2

5    120° 
= = 100 b4 3
2 |ab| c4 3
R1
30° 30°

     Q
a  12
R
(S) (a  b)  a = b  a = 30

S2 | a | 12
Sol.9 A,B,C 
  | b | 4 3
Given x . y  1
    
y.z  1 abc  0
    
z.x  1 b  c  a
       
Now a = ( x × ( y × z )) | b |2  | c |2 2b.c  | a|2
      
a = (( x . z ) y – ( x . y ) z ) 
48 + | c |2 48  144
  
a = ( y – z ) 
    | c |2  144 – 96 = 48
2
Now a . y = (y – y . z ) 
  | c | 4 3
a . y = (2 – 1)
 
= a . y

     | c |2 
 a = (a.y ) (y – z ) (B) (A)  |a|
   2
 
Similarly b = ( b . z ) ( z – x ) (A)
          48
a . b = ( a . y ) ( b . z ) {( y – z ).( z – x )} – 12 = 12
2
  
= ( a . y ) ( b . z ) {1 – 2 – 1 + 1} 
      | c |2  48
(B)  | a| =  12
a.b = – (a. y ) (b .z ) (C) 2 2
= 36
Sol.10 4
      
(a  b) + (b  c) = pa + qb + rc    
   (C) | a  b  c  a |
Taking dot product with a,b & c
  
p r 2| b  c | 2 b2c2  (b.c)2
0= +q+  p + 2q + r = 0
2 2
= (48)2  (24)2
1 q r
0+ =p+ +  2p + q + r = 2
2 2 2 = 2(24 3)  48 3

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   2 – 1 = 3
(D) a  b  c
2 = 4
     =2
a  b  2a.b  c
(D)
 
144 + 48 + 2a.b  48
 
a.b  72

Sol.12
(A)  P,R,S (B)  P (C)  P,Q (D)  S,T
x 9 = 4X
9
c b x
4
(A) 2
y  
a z 2  x3 / 2 
3x  2
 (3  2 x)dx =  3

2(a2 – b2) = c2  
0
2 2 2
 2 0
2(sin x – sin y) = sin z
2
4
2sin(x + y) sin(x – y) = sin2z =  3x  x3 / 2 
sin(x  y) 1  3 0

sin z 2  4  8
= 6  3 2 2   3 2 = 6
 1  
cos  n    n = 1, 3, 5
 2
13. B,C
x 1 ˆ ˆ
b
ˆ  u1ˆl  u2ˆj  u3k,
u ˆ wˆ 
6
 ˆ
l  j  2k 
c

(B)
y
 û  v =1 
a z 
û v  sin   1
(1 – cos 2y) + (cos 2x – cos 2y) = 2 sinx
siny ŵ is  to plane containing
2sin2y + 1 – 2 sin2x – 1 + 2sin2y = 2 sinx 
siny w u  v
2 2
4sin y – 2 sin x 2sinxsiny v
a2 + ab – 2b2 = 0
2b2 – a2 = ab 
u
a2 + 2ab–ab – 2b2 = 0 
a(a+2b) – b(a+2b)=0 û & v

a ŵ is  û & ŵ  v
=1
b
14. Sol. (D)
(C) x  3, 1        
OP  OQ  OR  OS  OR  OP  OQ  OS
     
y 1, 3   
OP OQ  OR  OS OQ  OR  
z  , (1  ) P

(iˆ  ˆj)
CQ

a R
 1   3   
x–y=0
2

2 
RQ  OP  OS  0 

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 
SP  RQ  0
 
SP  RQ 
  
SR  QP & SQ  PR
 18.   
ˆ   ˆi  2j
c   2iˆ  ˆj – k ˆ
ˆ k 
 S is orthocentre  ˆ
 c  2    ˆi     2  ˆj      k
15. D

  
R
c. a  b  
Given    3 2
| a  b|
R
oy ox
   
 a  b  3iˆ  3j
ˆ  |a  b | 18

P Q
P Q 9    
oz   18  9       18
18
 cos ( – R) + cos( – P) + cos ( – Q)
 
 –[cosP + cosQ + cosR]      2, | a | 6, | b | 6
3
 cosP + cosQ + cosR     
3
2
Now  c  a  b .c   a  b  a  b  . a  b 
 minm = –
2
= 62  6  62
16. C
 
Ox  Oy 2
= 6     2     2    
2

oy 2
 
oz

= 6   2  4
0
(180 -R)
Q
R
 
ox

= 6    1  3
2

= Ox Oy sin 
(1) (1) sin  Min value = 18 at  = 1
= sin(180–R)
= Sin(P+Q)

 
17. ab
 
a  b 1
     
c  a  c a cos   c  b
x+0 = 2cos = 0+y+0
2 2 2  2
c  xa  yb  a  b

4=x2+y2+1
x2+y2=3

8 cos2   3

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