THIRD GENERATION OF RIGHTS
1. Right to Peace: it is universally recognized that peoples of the earth have a sacred right to peace and the
preservation of the right of peoples to peace and the promotion of its implementation constitute a fundamental
obligation of each State (Declaration on the Right of Peoples to Peace, 1984).
***UN Declaration on Principles of International Law Concerning Friendly Relations and Cooperation Among States,
UN General Assembly Resolution 33/73 Declaration on the Preparation of Societies for Life in Peace (1978),
Declaration on the Right of Peoples to Peace of 1984, UNGA Resolution 45/14 Implementation of the Right of Peoples
to Peace (1990).
2. Right to Development: it is a comprehensive economic, social, cultural and political process which aims at the
constant improvement of the well-being of the entire population and of all individuals through their meaningful
participation.
***It was proclaimed in the UN Declaration on the Right to Development.
3. Right to Environment: man has a fundamental right to an environment that permits a life of dignity and well-being
(Stockholm Conference, 1972).
***Principle 1 of the Stockholm Declaration linked environmental protection and human rights by stating that “Man has
the fundamental right to freedom, equality and adequate conditions of life, in an environment of a quality that permits
life of dignity and well-being, and he bears a solemn responsibility to protect and improve the environment for present
and future generations”.
***International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights: the improvement of all aspects of environmental
and industrial hygiene
4. Rights of Women: denial of rights = restrict their choices, increase their vulnerability to violence and injustice; death
from pregnancy and childbirth-related causes. HIV due to their economic and social vulnerability, gender-based
violence kills and disables women, less earnings than men.
***The Declaration on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women, Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of
Discrimination Against Women, Convention on the Political Rights of Women and Declaration on the Protection of
Women and Children in Emergency and Armed Conflict.
***Magna Carta of Women is a comprehensive women’s human rights law that seeks to eliminate discrimination
against women by recognizing, protecting, fulfilling, and promoting the rights of Filipino women, esp. those in the
marginalized sector.
5. Rights of Children: they are exploited, abused, maltreated, deprived of education, sold, subjected to cruel methods
of punishment, and discriminated against. They are also vulnerable and in need of special care, attention and
protection.
***Convention on the Rights of the Child (right to survival, right to develop to the fullest, to protection from harmful
influences, abuse and exploitation, and to participate fully in family, cultural, and social life.
6. Persons with Disabilities: they suffer from discrimination and often do not enjoy the same opportunities as other
people because of lack of access to essential services.
***Declaration on the Rights of Mentally Retarded Persons, Declaration on the Rights of Disabled Persons,
Declaration on the Rights of Deaf-Blind Persons
7. Indigenous Peoples: they generally live in geographically isolated areas with poor access to basic social services
and limited opportunities for mainstream economic activities. They lack education and have inadequate political
representation.
***UN Declaration of Rights of Indigenous Peoples recognize the Ips have suffered from historical injustices as a
result of their colonization and dispossession of their lands, territories, and resources, preventing them from exercising
their right to development based on their needs and interests.