0% found this document useful (0 votes)
10 views10 pages

Water Pollution and Its Causes

The document consists of exercise questions related to environmental studies, focusing on natural resources, pollution, and related topics. It includes multiple-choice questions covering various aspects of water quality, pollution sources, deforestation, and the nitrogen and carbon cycles. The questions aim to assess knowledge on the impact of human activities on the environment and the importance of conservation.

Uploaded by

sjivanashree18
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
10 views10 pages

Water Pollution and Its Causes

The document consists of exercise questions related to environmental studies, focusing on natural resources, pollution, and related topics. It includes multiple-choice questions covering various aspects of water quality, pollution sources, deforestation, and the nitrogen and carbon cycles. The questions aim to assess knowledge on the impact of human activities on the environment and the importance of conservation.

Uploaded by

sjivanashree18
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

CIV Environmental Studies Exercise Questions

Module 2
Natural Resource

1. Percentage of worlds total water supply that is considered easily accessible fresh water for human
use
a. 1% b. 10% c. 20% d. 100%

2. United states public standards (USPH) and Indian standard institution are related to a. Water quality
characterization
b. Water availability measurement
c. Water supply units
d. None of the above

3. The permissible limit of the important constituent Lead in domestic potable water as per BIS is
a. 0.05 mg/L b. 0.005 mg/L c. 5mg/L d. 1mg/L

4. Cholera, Typhoid, meningitis, Hepatitis A & B are the diseases caused due to
a. Electromagnetic radiation b. radioactivity of nuclear reaction

5. Presence of high levels of nitrates in water causes


a. Dehydration b. Obesity C. Blood Disorders (Blue Baby Syndrome) D. Fluorosis

6. Presence of pesticides in water causes cancer and neurological disorders because of


a. CO2 b. DDT & Heptachlor c. Methane d. SO2
7. Fluoride through is an effective agent to preventing dental caries, has a permissible limit of
a. 0.5mg/L b. 1.5mg/L c. 5mg/L d. 15mg/L

8. Skeletal flurosis is characterized by


a. Severe and permanent bone joint deformation b. Disordered blackened

9. Fluorosis is caused due to


a. No fluoride intake b. Low fluoride intake c. Excessive fluoride intake d. None

10. Decrease of oxygen level in water mainly causes


a. Fluorosis b. Death of aquatic life c. water pollution d. all the above

11. Percentage of fresh water available on the earth is


a. 2.8%b. 2.2% c. 0.6% d. 2.15%

12. excessive concentration of nitrates in water causes


a. Dental flurosis b. Tooth decay c. Mathemoglobinemia d. None

13. Malaria is a
a. Water-borne disease b. water induced disease c. both a & b d. None

c. Dirty water d. Deforestation


c. Nervous breakdown d. Anemic

Prof. Rakesh P Department of Civil Engg. KLS VDIT 18CV59


CIV Environmental Studies Exercise Questions

14. Water borne diseases can spread rapidly due to


a. Proper sanitation b. Improper sanitation c. improves sanitation d. None

15. about ---------- % of the earth‟s surface is covered by water


a. 53% b. 19% c. 71% d. 90%

16. What is the maximum allowable concentration of fluorides in drinking water?


a. 6 to 9 b. 6.5 to 7.5 c. 6 to 8.5 d. 6.5 to 8.5

17. Major source of fluoride is


a. River water [Link] paste [Link] water d. Food products

18. In India ground water rich in


a. Plains of rivers Kaveri & Krishna b. The plains of Netravati & Kapila

19. Mineral resources are


a. Renewable b. Non-Renewable c. Equality distributed d. None

20. Deforestation can


a) Increase the rain fall b) Increase soil fertility c) Introduce silt in the rivers d) None of these

21. Plants use ............ gas for photosynthesis


a) Oxygen b) methane c) Nitrogen d) Carbon dioxide

22. Deforestation means


a) preservation of forests b) destruction of forests
c) monocrop cultivation d) agriculture or Deforestation means

23. What percentage of its geographical area of a country should be under forest cover?
a) 23% b) 43% c) 13% d) 33%

24. During photosynthesis, trees produce

25. Forests prevent soil erosion by binding soil particles in their

26. Major causes of deforestation are(I-2006)


a) Oxygen b) Carbon Dioxide c) Nitrogen d) Carbon Monoxide
a) Stems b) roots c) leaves d)buds

27. Which of the following statements about forest is not correct? (I-2006)(I-2008)
a) shifting cultivation b) Fuel requirement c) Raw materials for industries d) All of these

28. The depletion of trees is causing accumulation of


a) Forests reduces soil erosion b) Provides recreational opportunities
c) Provides a source of economic development d) None of the above

29. Forest rich area in Karnataka is found in


a) Western Ghats b) Bandipur c) Nagarhole d) Mangalore

30. are referred to as Earth‟s lungs. (I-2006)


a) Forests b) Carbon cycles ` c) Water sources d) Mines

Prof. Rakesh P Department of Civil Engg. KLS VDIT 18CV59


CIV Environmental Studies Exercise Questions

31. Forest are effective sink of


a) O2 b) CO2 c) NO d) All.

32. At present Karnataka is having forest cover of


a) 20.19% b) 18.10% c) 28.00% d) 16.4%.

33. Forest are extremely important because


a) Provides clear air b) Provides habitat for wild life c) Provides recreation d) All

34. Which of the fallowing is not an adverse effect of deforestation


a) Destruction of biodiversity b) Dry up of moist land
c) Causing air & water pollution through dams & mining industries
d) Deplication in mineral resource.

35. The earth‟s land surface covered by the forest is about(I-2008)


a) ¼ b) 2/3 c) 1/3 d) 1/5

36. Extensive plantings of trees to increase forest cover is called

37. The major renewable and important forest resources is a. Water b. Mineral c. Biodiversity d. Wood
a) A forestation b) Agro forestation c) Deforestation d) Social forestry.

38 ---------- are referred to as Earth’s lungs.


a. Forests b. Carbon cycles c. water sources d. Mines

39. A major storage reservoir in the carbon cycle is (II-2008)


a) NO3 b) SO2 , c) CO2 d) O2

40. The chief reservoir for CO2 is in (II-2007)


a) Rivers b) Atmosphere c) Oceans d) Trees.

41. Respiration & photosynthesis are the keywords related to.


a) Oceans & rock b) Plants c) Pesticides d) Precipitation

[Link] of the following does not add to release of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere in a carbon
cycle?
a) Nitrogen cycle b) Sulphur cycle c) Carbon cycle d) Hydrological cycle

a) Combustion of fossil fuel b) Respiration by animals


c) Volcanoes and in limestone d) Respiration by plants

43. Carbon content is higher in


a) Soil b) Atmosphere c) Water d) Living matter.

44. Plants uses ------ gas for photosynthesis


a) Oxygen b) Methane c) Nitrogen d) CO2
45. During Photosynthesis, trees produce
a) Oxygen b) CO2 c) CO d) N2
46. Plants use ............ gas for photosynthesis
a) Oxygen b) methane c) Nitrogen d) Carbon dioxide

47. The movement of carbon between is called carbon cycle.


a) Atmosphere & biosphere b) Atmosphere & hydrosphere

Prof. Rakesh P Department of Civil Engg. KLS VDIT 18CV59


CIV Environmental Studies Exercise Questions

48. Carbon cycle involves


a) Ammonia, nitrate, water & Proteins b) Carbon dioxide, water & Energy
c) Sulphur dioxide, Sulphur & Proteins d) None of the above.

49. Pick out which is not concerned to carbon cycle


a) Respiration b) Combustion of fossil fuels c) Photo synthesis d) Transpiration

50. The volume of nitrogen present in the troposphere is (II-2008)


a) 85% b) 78% c) 21% d) 5%

51. Earths atmosphere Contains ------ % nitrogen


a) 98% b) 12% c) 21% d) 78%

52. Fixing of nitrogen is done by (I-2008)


a) Lightning b) Fixing bacteria c) Fertilizers d) All the above.

53. Conversion of ammonium to NO3 by chemical oxidation is termed as (I-2008)


a) Mineralization b) Leaching c) Nitrification d) Denitrification

54. Conversion of nitrates into gases of nitrogen is called


a) Nitrification b) Nitrogen fixing c) Reduction d) Denitrification

55. Denitrification is a process where in


a) Soil microorganisms break down soil nitrate into N 2
b) Plants & animals release N2 to atmosphere.
c) Decay of dead organic residue releases N2 to atmosphere.
d) Release of N2 through Volcanoes

56. Nitrogen fixation from the atmosphere is high in the type of plants. (I-2008)
a) Manocoteliden b) liguminus c) Both a & b d) None of these.

57. Plants can take up nitrogen in two forms


a) NH4 - & NO3 b) NH3 & N2 c) NO3 d) NO2
58. Conversion of ammonium to NO3 - by chemical oxidation is termed as. (I-2008)
a) Mineralization b) Leaching c) Nitrification d) Denitrification.

59. Nitrogen fixing bacteria exists in ---- of plants


a) Leaf b) Roots c) Steam d) Flower

60. Conversion of nitrates into gases of nitrogen is called (I-2008)


a) Nitrification b) Nitrogen fixing c) Reduction d) Denitrification

61. Which of the following is not a source of organic residue in a nitrogen cycle.
a) Decay of plants & animals b) Excreta of animals c) Water d) Micro organisms

62. Live stock wastes releases large amount of -------into environment.


a) NH4 b)NH3 c)NO3 d)NO4
63. Good example for Sedimentary cycle is (II-2008)
a) Carbon cycle b) Oxygen Cycle c) Nitrogen cycle d) Sulphur cycle.

64. Which of the fallowing falls under sedimentary cycle;


a) Sulphur b) Carbon c) nitrogen d) All

Prof. Rakesh P Department of Civil Engg. KLS VDIT 18CV59


CIV Environmental Studies Exercise Questions

65. Eutrophication is (I-2008) (I-2006)


a) An improved quality of water in lakes
b) A process in carbon cycle
c) The result of accumulation of plant nutrients in water bodies.
d) A water purification technique.

66. Identify the role of sulphur bacteria in a sulphur cycle (II-2007)


a) Acts as a media for exchange of sulphur within ecosystem
b) Converts the dead plants & animals into organic residue
c) Both a & b. d) None of the above.
a) Oxides of Zn & Fe b) Sulphates of Zn & Fe

67. Sulphur occurs in soil and rocks in the form of


c) Nitrates of Zn & Fe d) Sulphides of Zn & Fe

Prof. Rakesh P Department of Civil Engg. KLS VDIT 18CV59


CIV Environmental Studies Exercise Questions

Module-3
Environmental Pollution
1. Which of the following is the source of ground water?
a. Oceans b. Springs c. Rivers d. All

2. Which of the following is the source of surface water?


a. Streams b. springs c. Deep wells d. All

3. Which of the following compounds may be toxic to human beings?


a. Amino acids b. Polychlorinated biphenyls c. Vitamins d. Proteins

4. Water is an excellent solvent because


a. It has high dielectric constant b. it is volatile c. Both a & b d. None

5. Many rivers of the world are polluted due to


a. Heavy flux of sewage b. Industrial effluents c. Agricultural wastes d. All

6. Water bodies may deteriorated by


a. Aquatic animals b. Phytoplankton c. Decomposed vegetables d. None

7. Which of the following property is inductive of water pollution?


a. Colorless b. Odorless c. Oily & greasy d. None of these

8. Physical pollution of water is due to


a. Dissolved oxygen b. Turbidity c. PH d. None of the above

9. Chemical pollution of water is due to


a. PH b. Turbidity c. Color d. None

10. Bacteriological pollution of water is due to the presence of


a. Silt & grit b. Parasitic worms c. Suspended particles d. Floating materials

11. The effluents from urban areas contain


a. Oils & greases b. Detergents c. Nutrients d. All

Prof. Rakesh P Department of Civil Engg. KLS VDIT 18CV59


CIV Environmental Studies Exercise Questions

12. Which of the following statement is not true? a. Sewage contains nitrogen and phosphorous
b. The main source of nitrogen in water is the agricultural run off
c. Sewage contains large amount of phosphate based detergents
d. None of these

13. Thermal power plants pollute the water by adding


a. Heavy metals b. Heat c. Dissolved solids d. All the above

14. Which of the following is oxygen demanding waste?


a. Human waste b. Heavy metals c. Detergents d. All the above

15. Lead poisoning may cause


a. Reduction in hemoglobin b. Kidney damage c. Mental retardation d. All

16. Maximum dissolved oxygen is required by


a. Fish b. Bacteria c. Vegetables d. All the above

17. The process of rainwater harvesting


a. Is detrimental to environment b. Helps to improve ground water quality
c. Decreases the collection of water in dams d. All of these

18. Which of the following industry produces inorganic process wastes?


a. Hotel industry b. Cola manufacturing industry c. Metallurgical plant d. None of these

19. Chlorine can be used


a. To kill pathogenic microorganisms b. To increase the PH
c. To clear the turbidity d. All of these

20. Water pollution can be minimized by


a. Releasing sewage to ocean b. Releasing effluent to waste land
c. Treating waste water d. None of these

21. Which of the following is a nonpoint source of water pollution?


a. Factories b. Sewage treatment plants c. Urban & suburban lands d. All of these

22. BOD is
a. Biochemical oxygen demand b. A measure of dissolved solids
c. Usually greater than COD d. All of the above

23. Which of the following is not a method for water conservation?


a. Rainwater Harvesting b. Ground water extraction
c. Improving irrigation efficiency d. Avoiding water wastage

24. The liquid waste from baths and kitchens is called


a. Sullage b. Domestic sewage c. Storm waste d. Run off

25. Which of the following is a point source of water pollution?


a. Factories b. Sewage treatment plants c. Urban & sub-urban Lands d. a & b

26. The most abundant element in the earth‟s crust is


a. Oxygen b. Silicon c. Sodium d. Iron

Prof. Rakesh P Department of Civil Engg. KLS VDIT 18CV59


CIV Environmental Studies Exercise Questions

27. Which of the following is not a component of soil?


a. Mineral matter b. Organic matter c. Ozone d. Soil air

28. which of the following is a major cause of soil pollution?


a. Accidents involving the vehicles that are transporting waste material
b. Pesticides and chemical fertilizers from agricultural lands
c. Improper solid waste disposal
d. All of the above

29. Definition of Noise is


a. Loud sound b. Unwanted sound c. Constant sound d. Sound of high Frequency

30. Which of the following is one of the classifications of noise?


a. Noise from the animals b. Occupational Noise (Industrial Noise)
c. Noise at public place d. None of these

31. The Noise is measured in


a. Decibels b. joules c. PPM d. ms or NTU

32. Natural source of noise is


a. Car b. Railway c. Thunder d. Speaking

33. Road traffic noise varies depending on


a. Number & type of operating vehicles b. Traffic density c. The hour of the day d. All of these

34. Which of the following type of noise is least serious?


a. Rail traffic noise b. Aircraft noise c. Road traffic noise d. Industrial noise

35. Which of the following vehicles emits noise at the maximum ear level of the driver?
a. Scooter b. Bus c. Car d. Auto

36. Bursting of crackers on Diwali mainly causes


a. Noise pollution b. Plastic pollution c. Marine pollution d. None

37. Noise pollution controlled by


a. Reducing the noise at the source b. Preventing its transmission c. Protecting the receiver d. All

38. Noise pollution limits at residential area


a. 45dB b. 80dB c. 55dB d. 90dB

39. Noise pollution limits in industrial area


a. 45dB b.80dB c. 65dB d. 90dB

40. Sound beyond which of the following level can be regarded as a pollutant
a. 40dB b. 80dB c. 120dB d. 150dB

41. Noise pollution can be minimized by


a. Urbanization b. Maintaining silence c. Reducing noise at source d. None

42. Normal sound level of quiet speech is


a. 120dB b. 90dB c. 140dB d. 50dB

Prof. Rakesh P Department of Civil Engg. KLS VDIT 18CV59


CIV Environmental Studies Exercise Questions

43. The noise level human can hear without discomfort is


a. 140dB b. 110dB c. 80dB d. 190dB

44. Population explosion will cause


a. Biodiversity b. Stress on ecosystem c. More employment d. None

45. Population explosion will cause


a. Socio economic problems b. Food scarcity c. Energy crisis d. All

45. Which of the following is having high population density


a. India b. China c. USA d. Western Europe

46. The world population in 2000 was around


a. 8 billion b. 6.1 billion c. 4 billion d. 4.5 billion

5. Population of India according to census 2001


a. 1103 million b. 1000 million c. 950 million d. 1027 million

6. India‟s density of population according to cencus 2001 a. 350 [Link] b. 375 per [Link] c. 324 per
[Link] d. 425 per [Link]

7. India‟s projected population for the year 2050 is


a. 1628 million b. 1525 million c. 1650 million d. 1375 million

8. Demography is the study of


a. Animal‟s behavior b. Population growth c. Rivers d. None

9. Which of the following is the problem not associated with population growth
a. Increase resource consumption b. Environmental pollution
c. Food & energy shortages d. None of these

10. Major objectives of family welfare programs in India is


a. Diseases control b. Population growth rate control
c. Employment generation d. None of these

11. The major cause of global population growth in 18 and 19 centuries was
a. Decreases in death rates b. Decrease in birth rates c. Industrial revolution d. None

12. The average life expectancy around the world is currently


a. Increasing b. Decreasing c. Not changing d. Stabilizing

13. The major factors contributing for the decrease in death rate in 20 th century were
a. Endemic poverty, low levels of education
b. Better agricultural practices and industrialization
c. Increased birth rate and availability of food
d. Improved medicine , sanitation and nutrition

14. The main cause for the decline of the population of Europe in the 12 th & 13 th centuries was
a. Diphtheria b. Cholera c. Plague d. Meningitis

Prof. Rakesh P Department of Civil Engg. KLS VDIT 18CV59


CIV Environmental Studies Exercise Questions

15. Urbanization is
a. Local environmental issue b. National environmental issue c. Both a & b d. Not at all an issue

16. Which of the following is the facility that the urban people enjoy?
a. Better communication access b. Better quality of air c. Large land at cheap rates d. None of these

17. Which of the following is not the effect of urbanization?


a. Air pollution b. Thermal pollution c. Solid waste production d. Noise pollution

18. Which of the following is the ill effect of urbanization?


a. Decrease in agricultural land b. Loss of greenery c. Loss of water bodies d. All

19. Migration of people from rural areas to urban towns is due to


a. Employment opportunities b. Education facilities c. Better infrastructure d. All

20. During the last 30 years the percentage decrease in agriculture land due to urbanization is about
a. 40% b. 60% c. 30% d. 0%

21. The main impact of urbanization on plant and animals


a. Increase in species b. Mutation in species c. Both a & b d. Loss of species

22. Major problems due to industrialization


a. Urbanization b. Migration of people c. Development of slums d. All the above

23. Urbanization can alter the nature of


a. Temperature b. Precipitation c. Both a & b d. None

24. The temperature difference with the size of the city is called
a. Heat effect b. Urban heat island c. Heat wave effect d. Both a & b

25. How much of total earth surface is urbanization now


a. 10% b. 5% c. 1% d. 15%

26. Urban population of the India as per the census 2001 was
a. 300 million b. 533 million c. 285.3 million d. 415 million

27. The annual rate of the change of urban population for the year 2005-2010 is
a. 2.25% b. 2.52% c. 2.73% d. 0.82%

28. How much percentage of population is living in urban is


a. 21.7% b. 30% c. 45% d. 10%

Prof. Rakesh P Department of Civil Engg. KLS VDIT 18CV59

Common questions

Powered by AI

Forests play a crucial role in the carbon cycle by acting as a significant sink for CO2; they absorb large amounts of carbon dioxide during photosynthesis and release oxygen, thus maintaining the atmospheric balance . Due to their ability to release oxygen and absorb carbon dioxide, forests are metaphorically referred to as Earth's lungs .

Population growth contributes to environmental stress by increasing resource demand, leading to overconsumption and depletion of natural resources like water, minerals, and fossil fuels . It exacerbates environmental issues such as pollution, habitat destruction, and climate change due to higher waste production and energy consumption . These pressures threaten biodiversity and ecosystem services crucial for human survival .

Nitrogen fixation is essential for converting atmospheric nitrogen, which plants cannot use, into a form of nitrogen like ammonium or nitrate that plants can absorb and utilize for growth . This process is crucial for agricultural productivity as it replenishes soil nitrogen levels, enhancing soil fertility and enabling the synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids in plants .

Deforestation leads to loss of biodiversity as it destroys the habitat of various species, leading to possible extinction . It also affects soil fertility negatively as the removal of trees causes the topsoil to erode, which decreases the nutrient content of the soil, making it less fertile .

Photosynthesis is a process where plants use carbon dioxide (CO2) to synthesize food, specifically glucose, using sunlight as energy . During this process, plants convert CO2 and water into oxygen and glucose, essentially utilizing CO2 to produce oxygen as a byproduct .

Industrial pollution primarily arises from emissions of hazardous substances like heavy metals, chemicals, and wastewater from factories and power plants . These pollutants contaminate air, water, and soil, causing ecological imbalances, harming wildlife, and contributing to climate change via greenhouse gas emissions .

Urbanization negatively impacts water bodies through increased pollution and altered hydrology. Industrial and domestic waste, as well as stormwater runoff, introduce pollutants such as heavy metals, nutrients, and pathogens into water bodies . Additionally, urbanization alters natural hydrological cycles by increasing surface runoff and reducing groundwater recharge, leading to issues like flash flooding and water shortages .

Noise pollution adversely affects human health and well-being by causing stress, sleep disturbances, hearing loss, and cardiovascular issues . Continuous exposure to high noise levels can also impair cognitive performance and mental health, increasing the risk of anxiety and depression .

Forests prevent environmental degradation primarily by reducing soil erosion and providing habitat for wildlife. They stabilize the soil with their root systems, reducing soil erosion . Forests also act as carbon sinks, absorbing CO2 from the atmosphere, thus helping in mitigating climate change . In addition, forests contribute to maintaining biodiversity, which is crucial for ecological balance .

Sulphur bacteria play a key role in the sulphur cycle by facilitating the transformation of sulphur into different forms that can be utilized by plants and animals, thus maintaining the sulphur balance in ecosystems . They convert sulphur from dead organic matter into hydrogen sulfide, which can then be used by other organisms, making sulphur bacteria critical for nutrient cycling and the functioning of various ecosystems .

You might also like