→ provides an image of themselves in
Humanities order to understand their nature.
Understands different phenomena within the → Man’s expression, views of
human cultural context. existence
Understands the people process and Functions of Arts
document human experience through 1. Functional art forms
philosophy, literature, religion, art and - make man’s life better
history as their way of recording and - caters the physical needs of people
understanding the world. E.g. architecture, weaving and furniture
Studies an individual's manner of making
expressions in connecting with the humans 2. Non-functional art forms
of the past, present and future. - Emotional aspect
Fundamental Principles of the Humanities - For beauty and aesthetics
1. Human nature is inherently good. E.g. painting, sculpture, literature, music,
2. Individuals are free and are capable of dance, theatre
making choices. 3 Functions of Arts
3. Human potential for growth and 1. The human need for expression.
development is virtually unlimited. 2. The social need for display, celebration
4. Self-concept plays an important role in and communication.
growth and development. 3. Physical needs for functional objects
5. Individuals have an urge for self- Art: As Viewed by Philosophy
actualization. PLATO (428-347 BCE)
6. Reality is defined by each person Ancient Greece
7. Individuals have a responsibility to both Famous for Dialogues with his teacher
themselves and to others Socrates. Loved and hated arts at the
Nature of the Arts same time.
AR (Aryan) - to join/put together Literary stylist and great storyteller
SARS, ARTIS (Latin) - everything that is Art is threatening and powerful however
artificially made or composed by man should be strictly controlled.
→ Oldest and most important Physical world is just a copy of a perfect,
expression of a man. rational, eternal and changeless original.
→ Refers to skillful arrangement or Forms/Ideas are the original forms, and the
composition of some common but examples are beauty, justice and even a
significant qualities of nature: circle.
o Sounds, colors, lines, movements, words, Art: As Viewed by Philosophy
stones and woods; o That express feelings, 1. ART IS IMITATION
thoughts, imaginations and dreams in o Art is imitation of physical things (imitation
amazing, meaningful and enjoyable ways. of forms)
Nature of the Arts o Art is a copy of copy which leads the
→ Subjective - use of perception, people farther away from the truth (forms)
insights, feelings, and intuition o Art is great for entertainment
→ provides enjoyment and stimulation 2. ART IS DANGEROUS
particularly when people try to o Art is imitation of physical things (imitation
understand them. of forms)
Art: As Viewed by Philosophy Beauty is a question of form and color is not
ARISTOTLE (384-322 BCE) important
Ancient, Greece Color is just for decorative function
Distinguished what is good from what is Design and composition is more important
beautiful 2 kinds of Aesthetic response
o Good always presents itself in some o Beauty results in pleasure if there’s an
action o Beauty may exist in motionless order, harmony and symmetry o Beauty
objects or things. o Sometimes good may leads to a response of awe that overwhelms
also be beautiful. the viewers of the art
Art: As Viewed by Philosophy Artists and Artisans
Elements of beauty are manifested by: ARTIST/S
o Order Exceptional skills in visual and performing
o Symmetry arts Sensitive, very perceptive and creative
o Definiteness Examples of their mediums are the
In his Poetics, beauty is likewise affected by following:
its size o clay
o Should not be too big or too small o Words
o Arts give pleasure o Pigments
o Arts presented itself as an activity o Stone
Art: As Viewed by Philosophy o Musical notes
Art is an imitation of nature o And any combination of the ff.
Poetry was more philosophic and serious Artists and Artisans
than philosophy itself. Poets imitated 3 Formal expression of human experience
things: Focuses on 2 components:
o things/events which have been or still are o Form (medium)
o Things that are seen and probable o Substance (experience)
o Things which essentially are Artists and Artisans
Paintings and sculptures are imitations of ARTISAN/S
ideas, imagination and reality. Skilled trade that involves making things
Art: As Viewed by Philosophy hand by hand. Craft workers who create
IMMANUEL KANT (1724-1804) objects using his hand. The artworks can be
German Enlightenment Philosopher functional or decorative Focuses on
Observations on the Feelings of the technique and medium of the craft
Beautiful Experience honed their skills
and the Sublime More pricey compared to factory-made
- what he wrote about treatises on products Dominant during Industrial
Aesthetics. Revolution
His main interest is not art but beauty
Beauty is a matter of taste Paete, Laguna o Woodcarvers
o Subjective taste - pleasure one Tiwi, Albay
experiences as he responds to it. o o Ceramic makers
Universal taste - artworks are appreciated Pangasinan
for what it is. o Basket weavers
Art: As Viewed by Philosophy Kalibo, Aklan
o Piña weavers - Tinikling
Artists and Artisans - Singkil
- Ballet
2 Classification of Arts Forms 2 Classification of Arts Forms
VISUAL ARTS PERFORMING ARTS
Painting Literature
- Application of pigment on - Use of words to express thoughts and
surface feelings - Different forms of literature
- Two-dimensional art - Homer’s Iliad
form - Nick Joaquin’s Woman who had two
- Luna’s Spolarium navels
- Botticelli’s Inferno 2 Classification of Arts Forms
2 Classification of Arts Forms PERFORMING ARTS
VISUAL ARTS Theatre
Sculpture - Performance of Drama
- Three-dimensional art - Actors perform on live audience
- Creating solid forms using molding, - Pantomimes (no dialogues)
carving, welding, casting and assembling. - Combined performing arts
- Mediums are clay, wood, stone, metal, ice, - Phantom of the Opera
plastic and glass. - Noli Me Tangere
- Tolentino’s Bonifacio Monument Contemporary art forms include
- Michelangelo’s David photography, digital arts and installations.
2 Classification of Arts Forms Appreciating the Arts
VISUAL ARTS Giving a good physical description of the
Architecture artwork based on their knowledge of art
- Most functional of all the art forms elements and materials
- Designs of building and infrastructure - Analyze the artwork in terms of what the
Cultural center of the Philippines in Manila - artist wants his works to represent and their
Burjkhalifa in Dubai subjective reaction to the works which
2 Classification of Arts Forms includes their thoughts and feelings.
PERFORMING ARTS Perceived the artwork in the context of its
Music history. Intention in doing the work and
- Art of sound expressed through a song, adding understanding with the meaning of
through use of instruments or both. the work. Give meaning to the artwork
- It has rhythm, harmony and melody. based on its description, analysis and
- Philippine’s Kundiman context
- Beethoven’s Symphony No.5 Judge the artwork as to whether it is good
2 Classification of Arts Forms or bad based on the learner’s perception of
PERFORMING ARTS it and its aesthetic and cultural value.
Dance
- Art of body movement attuned to music
- It should be graceful and in rhythm with
the musical piece. - It used for worship in
ancient time