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1. Write down an algebraic expression for each of the following statements.

Statement
(a) Subtract 4 from the sum ofZx and 5y.

(b) Add 9z to the product of 3x and7y.

(c) Multiply the productof 7x and 11y by 22.
(d) Divide the sum of 3z and 7 s by 5a.
(e) Subtract the quotient ofp divided by 3q from
the cube of r.

(0 Thrice the value of ru divided by the sum of 3x

and7y.
(g) Subtract nine times the product of x and 3hfrom
the quotient of ft divided by 2y.

2. Given that a = 3, b = 2 and c = -1 , evaluate each of the following expressions.

(a) 7b - (3c) + 4a (b) 3a3 (c) (sb)'
(d) (2a+b+c)(5b-3a) (e) (a- b)'- (b - c)' (O 2a'-3b' + 3abc
(g) (a + 3b)3 (h) ab-c"+b' (i) q-L
DC

u) ----
8b- Ga\2
(k) +.+ (r)
ry a'-c
c-3b

3. Find the sum of each of the following expressions.

(a) 3x+9y,-lly (b) -a -3b,7a - lOb
(c) l3d+5c,-l3c+5d (d) 7pq - llhk,-3pq -Zlkh

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4. Simplify each of the following expressions.
(a) 5x +7y -Zx - 4y (b) -3a -7b + Ila + llb
(c) 5u -7v -7u -9v (d) 5p+4q-7r-5q+4p
(e) 5pq -7qp + 2l -7 (f) l5x+9y+5x-3y-13
(g) 8ab-Sbc +ZIba-7cb (h) -7+mn+9mn-3mn-25
(i) 3h-4gh*!n-\tn 32ll
U) 5*- 3rY* 4*- 5A
(k) 2.5p - 3.6q + [Link] - 6.3q 0) 4.5a -0.65b + 0.375a -0.258b

5. Expand each of the following expressions.

(a) 3(3"r - 5) (b) 7(5 -7x)
(c) It(4x+ 5y) (d) -3(ek - 2)
(e) J(-3h-s) (f) 4(3a-2b + c)
-(t - 2
(s) -)IZP +
t ) (h) - a(8a-5b+3c)
1

ia 2r I

6. Expand and simplify each of the following expressions.

(a) 5a - 3(2p + 3) (b) 3x - 5(x - y)
(c) 5(a+4)+7(b-Z) (d) 3(2p - 3q) - s(3p - sq)
(e) r(3x -y) -3r(x -7y) (f) 3(x+y+7)+5y-42

7. Rui Feng is x years old. In 4 years' time, his brother is 3 times as old as Rui Feng. Find the age of Rui Feng's
brother in 4 years' time.

8. Find the sum of three consecutive odd integers where r is the greatest integer.

9. Simplify each of the following expressions.

(a) l.* Ir- i,- *, G) i"- +b +3a- lo

(c) 2,.10-?,-Zo (d) v-10**o-tr-tn+fit

10. Kate bought 10 apples at $x for 4 apples, ra bananas at $1.25 each, (3n + 1) oranges at 93.00 for
4 oranges. Find the total cost ofthe fruits she bought.

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 11. Expand and simplify each of the following expressions.

(a) (r*,.zlu -z|,) G) lrtr- 2(x-3y))

5a+3b-2c+

(c) ]faa_7p_ 3(p-2q)l (d) frtrtrr_ b)-l(za-sb)l

12. Express each of the following as a fraction in its simplest form.

/_\ a 2(3a-5c)
(a) /r.\ 2(5x-l)- x-3
(b)
S- 6 3 5

(c) ;.+-+ (d) +-uit.;

(e) T-+-i (o +-?-T
13. Factorise each of the following expressions completely.
(a) 15x - 3 (b) -Zry - 48
(c) 64b-27bc (d) lSax+6a-36a2
(e) l4p - 56pq - 42pr

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14. Write down an algebraic expression for each of the following statements.
(a) Add 8 to a number k, multiply the sum by 5 and subtract (2k -1) from the result.
(b) The total amount Kate has initially if she has $4.20 left after buying 7 pencils atp cents each.
(c) The profit that Ethan earns if he buys x apples at (y + 3) cents each and sells them at
(2y - 5) cents each.
(d) The loss a wholesaler suffers after selling all the microchips if he buys n microchips at $2-x
and sells all of them at $(n - x) each.

15. Given that a = 4, m = -2 and n = -1, evaluate each of the following expressions.
(a) 4m2-3a-5n (b) 7n+31a-@-a)
4

16. Given thata=Z,c=-l ,d= 5 ande =4, evaluate each of the following expressions.
2e-a
(a) a-c(d-e) (b) A4,

CHAPTER 4
17. Given thata=2,b=-l,c=0and d= thefollowingexpressions.
+.evaluateeachof
(a) (2a - b12 (b) (3a - b)(Zc + A
(c) (5a - b)(Zc + d) - b(ab + bc - 4cQ

L8. Find the value of (2x - l)(Zx + l)(2x + 3) when x = -3.

19. Find the value .f # .# when x = -2.

20. Find the value of 't -5 ^: 1

x+7 - JJ Wnenx=-2.

2L. Find the value of x3 + 2*y' + y3 when x =2 and! = -!.

Find the value of

#?, -4 *h"n a = -2, b = 3 and c = -5.

23. Given that 5;r = y' - +. flnd the value ofx wheny = -3 and z= -l+. tr

x*5y I
24. Giventhat 5; _fi = ;,find the value ofx wheny = -3.

25. Find the sum of each of the following expressions.

(a) a+b+c,2b-c,3c+a (A) 2ab+3bc.5ac-5ba,2cb+5ab
(c) 11,11, (d) az +bz -"2,2"2 -b2 +a2,5a2 +ic2
ir. ixy'- iyx, ixl,'+xt
(e) 5abc -7cb + 4ac, 4cba - 4bc + 3ca

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 Simpliff each of the following expressions.
(a) 2(3x - s) - 3Q - ax) (U srz, -7y)-a{s -3x)
(c) 3a + 5ac -2c -4c -6a-8ca (d) 5p + 3q-4r - (6q -3p + r)
(e) 3a2 + 5a-2(a-2a2) (f) 2(*' - 5x) -7(x - x3 + xz -7)
(s) 7m-216m-(3m-adl @ ,* -[3x - {4x -2(x+ 3y)}]
(i) 8a - {2a - l3c - 6(a - 2c)l} 0) t2a - 3{a - 4lc - 5(a - c)l}
(k) 7a2 - 4a - 5a(a - 3) + 4(a - 5) (l) 2a - 5(3ab - 4b) - 2(a - 2ba)
(m) 4(x -5y) - s(2y-3x)- (2x - 5y) zO*+ y) - 5t3(.r - 3y) - 4(2x - y)l
@
(o) llro- -Zrr. - 2tv) - ztx + vt)

27. Subtract
(a) l0* + 5x -7 from3* -2x -ll
(b) o3 -3o2 -5a+5from 4a3 -2a+7
(c) 1fr -* + 3x+ 3 from 4f +2f -5x+ 1

(d) 2a(3a2 -5a) + 5 from 6a(2-3a+5a2)-4(a2 +5)

There are four consecutive even numbers and the second number is given by n.
(a) Express all the four numbers in terms of n.
(b) Find the sum of the four numbers in terms of r.

29. Figure l showsarectangle ABCD where AB=7y cmand AC=3xcm.Figure2showsatriangleEFGwhere

EF -
7y cm, FG = 5x cm and EG = (x + 5y) cm.
Which flgure, Figure 1 or Figure 2,has a larger perimeter? Explain your answer.

(x + 5y) cm

Figure I Figure 2

30. A shopkeeper bought 120 apples at fr cents each and 180 oranges at t cents each. He packs them into bags
which contain 2 apples and 3 oranges and sells each bag of fruit for (3h + 4k) cents each. Write down, in terms
of h and k, an expression for
(i) the amount of money he spent on the fruits,
(ii) the total amount of money for which he sold all the bags of fruit,
(iii) the amount he earned from selling all the fruits.

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31. Shirley has n coins which consist of 10-cent, 20-cent and SO-cent coins. There are x lO-cent coins, 3x2}-cent
coins and the remaining coins are 50-cent coins.
Find
(i) the number of 50-cent coins that Shirley has,
(ii) the total value of all the coinsif there are 4 times as many 10-cent coins as 5O-cent coins,
(iii) the total value of all the coins if there are 5 2O-cent coins for every three 50-cent coins.

32. The figure shows a rectangle ABCD where AB is (2y + 8) cm. Given that X is a point on the length DC such
that DX is (y + 7) cm and the perimeter of rectangle is 60 cm, find the length of
(i) AD,
(ii) xc.
(2y+ 8) cm

$+7)cm

33. Express each of the following as a fraction in its simplest form.

/_\ 3(x -2) 2(x + 3)

(ai3-4 (b) {il! _ 1(5x -
t2
3)

(c)
/t-
t+ff L t +-;--:u
4(x _ 3)
(d) u# x+7 2x-I
155
3x-4y
,\ ---6-T
(e, x-2y x+y (f) 2x-5 x+4 + ----:-i
3(5-x)
4 - 5 69
/ol 4(3x+4) _x+7 _ 2x-l (h) -, 3(x J 7) - aQl- t)
\t/ 10 15 5 -
o) reT! -@-r)-'*;'
2,-_1 x-1-
(i) T_(x_5)_ -;-J

State whether each of the following expressions has common factors. If there are, factorise the expression
completely.

@ )cy+2y+10+5-r (b) 3ax - ay + 6bx - Zby

(c) l5px - 10qx + 2qy - 3py (d) 3hx+7hy-6kx-l4lq)
(e) 3W -3py +Zpx-Zqx (0 thv-9ku-l2kv+6hu

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