W PhV.
Hi Hi RoMod Si Sm Cm
Abbreviation
[Link].
tion
Wave
nomenal High Moderate
Rough Smooth
Slight. Full
Calm Form
Very
HiVerygh Rough
The Beaufort Wind Scale
Beaufort Wind Arrow Speed Commonly Observed Effects
No.
m.p.h. of Corresponding Winds
Calm
Calm, smoke rises vertically.
1 Light afir Direction of wind shown by
smoke drift, but not by wind
vanes.
2 Light brccze 5 Wind felt on face ; leaves
rustle; ordinary vane moved
by wind.
3 Gentle breeze 10 Leaves and small twings in
constant motion wind
extends 1ight flag.
4 Moderate 15 Raises dust and loose paper,
breeze small branches are moved.
5 Fresh breez 21 Small trees in leaf begin to
sway, crested wavelets form
on inland waters.
6 Strong breeze 28 Large branches in motion ;
whistling heard in telegrah
wries; umbrellas used with
difficulty.
35 Whole trees in motion
7 Moderate gale
inconvenience felt when
walking against wind.
8 Fresh gale 42 Breaks twigs off trees
generally impedes progress.
9 Strong gale 50 Slight structural damage
occurs (chimney pots and
slates removed).
10 Whole gale 59 Seldom experienced inland :
trees uprooted ; considerable
structural damage occurs.
Storm 69 Very rarely experienced:
accompa- nied by widespread
damage.
12 above 75
Hurricane
Table 15.5
Cloud Cover
Sr. No. Low or High Clouds Cloud Cover.
Medium
Clouds
1. sky clear
2 1/8 sky covered
3
1/4 sky covered
4
3/8 sky covered
5
1/2 sky covered
6 5/8 sky covered
7 3/4 sky covered
8 7/8 sky covered
Overcast
10. Sky obscurred
3. Cloud Types. In some good quality weather maps, types of clouds are
also indicated along with cloud cover. Symbols showing diferent types of
clouds are shown in Table no. 15.6.
Table 15.6
Cloud Cover
Symbol Cloud Type Symbol Cloud Type
Cirrus Stratocumulus
Cirrostratus Nimbostratus
Cumulus
Cirrocumulus
Cumulus congestus
Altocumulus
Cumulonmbus
Altostratus
Scud
Stratus
Table 15.7
Forms offMeteorologicalSynbols approved by the
International Meteorological Organization, Warsaw, 1935.
Pure air Shower of Snow Hoar Frost
Haze Shower of Rain & Glazed Frost
18l Snow (Sleet)
Mist Soft Hail V Soft Rime
Fog V < lkm Small Hail Hard Rime
Shallow Fog Hail Gale
Ground Fog Distant Lightning Sunshine
Frost Fog Thunderstorm Solar Halo
9 Drizzle Drifting Snow Lunar Halo
(High up)
Rain Snowstorm Solar Corona
Snow Drifting Snow Lunar Corona
(Near the Ground)
Sleet Dust or Sandstorm Rainbow
Granular Snow Dust Devil Aurora
Borealis
A Grains of Ice Snow Lying Mirage
Ice Needles Dust Devil Zodiacal Light
Shower of Rain Snow Lying
Dew
IsoRARIC svSTER 4OF WEATHEAMAPS
CYCLONE ANTICYCLOME 9ECONDARY DEPRERION
995 mb
1000 mb
908 mb g04 mb
996 mb
993 mb s9e mb
1000 mb S-8ECONDAR
(A)
994 mb i000mb DEPRESSION
(C)
(B)
COt
V-SHAPED DEPRESSKON OR WEDGE.
THROUGHOFLOWPRESSURE. HIGH
1002mb
1000mb
998mb
996 mb
- 9 9 0
"994 mb 996 mb
D94 pb
S9
m 2b
(LOW cOL LOW
o om4 b
994
mb
WEDGE
998 mb
.1000mb
1002 mb
(D)
HIGH
(E)