How to map your IP address to domain name service
IP address is tought to remember
How to map ur domain name to server IP address --> DNS will domain
Before AWS DNS service available
AWS providing one service i.e route 53 , purpose is domain name
management
Route 53--> DNS
4 things:
1. Register a domain, you can purchase a domain name
2. Host domain
3. Route 53 policy
4. health check of your domain
1st one is optional its not mandatory to purchase domain name from AWS
only
In rote 53 very few questions they ask in interview
what is dns query
how domain name converted into IP address
ping [Link], from where it is getting IP address
Ping [Link],how domain name converting into ip address--> DNS
query
first time iam typing [Link] from my machine, say its a new domain
name some where hosted
First my request goes browser cache and if not exists it goes to
localDNS server, who is going to maintain it and what local DNSserver
contain
localDNS server maintained by ISP, (local dns server)
Request goes to ISP local DNS server--> which contains
[Link] --> [Link]
[Link]---> [Link]
Lets say no [Link] in local dns server, this request will be fwd to
root server or higher level dns server
if not exists, next it will fwd to Top level domain server(we have
6 .com,.in,.org etc)
here my website name ending with .com, it goes to .com dns server
if its .org --> .org dns server
.in --> .in dns server
If those also doesnt have request will be forwarded to naming server,
if that one also doesnt haveyou will get error
Local dns server or called cache
Client goes to local dns--> TLD-->Naming server
You can purchase domain name from amazon also, [Link]
[Link]--->browsercache-->Local resolver (maintained by ISP)-->It
will query root DNS server-->
TLD server(.com..in,.org)--->Provides Authoritaive DNS server-->Local
resolver queries the authoritative dns server and Autoritative dns
server send the IP to local resolver
In India all domain names are maintained by TRAI, if it wants to block
[Link]
it doesnt call ISP at national level DNS server they will block
Telcom regulatory authority of India
[Link]
[Link] -- someone else purchased
[Link]-->
Reserve a name
There are lot of people who provides these domin name registration
ex: [Link] --> we call this as registration which is unique
across
the world
ex: aws
ex: Bluehost
famous website [Link]
.in 148 Rs
if u search [Link] , it says some one already taken it
try [Link] its available it says u need to pay some 600+
based on .org/.in rates vary
from aws also u can purchase it
Go to aws
click on route 53--> click on domain registration
Global level service not specific to any region
search [Link] --> it says not available
search [Link]
Lets say [Link] we purchased it from bluehost
login there and show, we are paying also , it will not be used by any
Once u register its not mandatory to host, ex: [Link]
Hosting is optional u can reserve domain name
I want to map [Link] to IP adddress
Lets launch EC2 machine and want to host appliction
It needs to handle webrequest, apache2,tomcat,jboss
that type of webserver need to be installed
Install apache2
[Link] --> This Intelliq IT AWS testing
u cannot give the IP address to customer
I pusrcahsed intelliq from bluehost
how to map domain name with IP address
Flow:
Client --> request -->local dns--> TLD server-->Naming or
authoritative dns will give ip adddress
local dns , tld, not part of aws cannot be controlled
But what all things we can do in aws to map ip address to
[Link]
DNS server(NS)==> IP address--> these 2 things we can do in aws
Create dns server for [Link]
Click on route 53 ---> create hosted zone
Name : [Link]
public hosted zone means which need to be accessed from anywhere
This contains as of now Ip address
I have created NS for [Link]
here aws given 4 dns names
copy to notepad
Intelliq [Link] have four Naming servers
dont have any control
I want to upload IP address details to naming servers
Forget abt routing polcies for now
Create record-->-->simple routing-->Define simple record-->Ip address
for other values
select and give ur IP address--> record
Now we have uploaded IP address to naming servers
Steps
Register domain from anywhere.([Link])
Application server need to be available
Map domain name to IP address
a. create naming server/hosted zone, hosted zone will give naming
server
b. create record to upload ip address into naming server
If someone contacted NS server for [Link] it will give Ip
but how to send request to NS server
These NS server details need to upload to TLD server
But how TLD knows to which NS server it need to
where I purchased domain name, that people will upload NS server
details to
TLD server
[Link], I need to give my naming server details to bluehost
people
if u purchase from godaddy then u need to give to them they will
upload to TLD
servers. it takes 24 to 36hrs to update in entire world,all local dns
serversneed
to be updated
Instance details uploaded to NS and NS detaails uploaded to TLD from
domain name purchaser
they will upload , if records are updated it will show
CLient --> LOcalDNS--> TLD-->NS-->IP, just change the ip in naming
server if needto be chnaged
In realtime u dont get option to upload to TLD--
[Link] is it possible to host in my aws account?
we can do it
create hosted zone for [Link]
u will understand real problem
for [Link] I want to map my ec2 instance ip, its possible
Now aws will give Naming servers
click on [Link]
create record
Ip address, create record
as per flow we have done below
Client --> Local dns-->TLD-->NS-->Ip
Now this naming server details need to upload in TLD server , how to
upload
I dont know where facebook purschased it
But in case of [Link] I have purchased from [Link]
I given my naming server details to bluehost, they will upload to TLD
servers
so u can put any name, but uploading this to TLD is not possible
Apart from hosting aws provided routing policies which is tough if u
do it manually
1. Simple
[Link]
[Link]
4. weighted
5. latency
6. multi values
Route 53 public hosted zones are chargeable not free
Simple--> [Link] --->[Link]
lets say above server is failed
then website not accessible
if server failed route 53 dosnt do anything in case of failover 2
servers required
1st server --> primary server
2nd sever --> standby server
as long as primary is working entire load handled by primary
secondary will not handle any request, suddenly primry failed, route
53 redirects traffic to secondary server
we will see this in practical
Geolocation, if some one from india types [Link] request goes
to india ip
US--> [Link]
India-->[Link]
London
Sydney
Default --> other than above it goes to default
based on location traffic will be routed
ecommerce site, if user browses from US it shows currency in $
sometimes facebook provides new features in US
how it is doing
it has Z1-->US,Z2-->UK,Z3-->IND,Z4-->Default
Weighted--> If I give
S1 -->50-->[Link]-->1000 req
S2-->30-->[Link]
S3-->22---> [Link]
high wieghted server get most of the requests