Task Performance in

Transportation Management

The State of Transportation

in Manila

Submitted to:
Mr. John Ver Enriquez
 Short Background of Manila
Manila is known for being the “Pearl of the Orient”, it has been the capital city of

the Philippines for four centuries until now, Manila is the Philippines’ midpoint of industrial

development also as the international port of entry, aside from that it is the center of

economy, business, political and social. the city named before is “Maynilad” which derived

from the word nilad, it is a hedge plant that originally grew along the shores of Pasig River

and Manila Bay, it is a kind of plant that can only adopt in a marshy condition. Metro

Manila is composed of 13 municipalities and 4 cities including Manila, Makati,

Mandaluyong, San Juan, Las Piñas, Malabon, Navotas, Pasig, Pateros, Parañaque,

Marikina, Muntinlupa, Taguig, and Valenzuela. The city is inbounded by urban

communities of Caloocan City to the North, Quezon City to the upper east, and Pasay

City to the south. The city is composed of 897 barangays that group into 16 administrative

districts. Manila is famous for its historical attractions such as Intramuros, and Rizal Park,

etc. you can also find here the famous Manila Bay.

History of Land Transportation System in Manila

The concept of the land transport system in the Philippines began when our

ancestors invented means of locomotion with animals to move people and goods from

one place to another. Even though early Filipinos' modes of land transportation were not

as sophisticated as modern vehicles and roads were not as well constructed, they

observed some of the laws governing their mobility. These laws were as informal and

simple as stating which animals could be used for which purposes, but they demonstrated

that our ancestors recognized the need to regulate transportation.

 In Manila and its suburbs, there were already a few motor vehicles on public

highways as early as 1910.

Inventions and introductions of better modes of transportation were made in the

country. Filipinos gradually learned to drive cars, trucks, jeeps, and other vehicles. The

laws governing land travel became more formal and modern as the modes of

transportation improved and became more powerful.

Legislative Act No. 2159 was passed on February 6, 1912, to regulate motor

vehicles in the Philippines and to provide for the regulation and licensing of operators.

This was the state legislature's first formal land transportation law.

Our country began to experience rapid economic development in the 1950s and

early 1960s. As industrialization advanced, more and better roads were built, and the

Filipinos realized the need for more and better modes of transportation.

Land transportation in the Philippines the first major development was the

construction of a railway system. This system provided transport for all the people and

goods that were needed to travel from one place to another. It also provided transportation

for the people who wanted to go somewhere else, such as merchant and traders. The

railroad system was very successful because of its speed and efficiency.

Reports on the Land Transportation in Manila

Government Agencies Involved in Transportation System

There’s a lot of government agencies involved in Land Transportation System.

Here are the government agencies:

Land Transportation Office (LTO) - it is the agency that is in charge of the issuance of

driver’s licenses and permits. It administers the exam needed before motorists can be get

behind the wheel. The LTO is also involved in enforcement of traffic rules and regulations,

with the authority to confiscate driver’s licenses. It can also tap personnel from other

agencies to enforce traffic rules, but only those deputized by the LTO are authorized to

confiscate licenses.

Metropolitan Manila Development Authority (MMDA) - is best known for its role in

managing traffic, it has a host of other responsibilities as well. The MMDA has also

functions in solid waste disposal and management, flood control programs, and public

safety programs, such as disaster relief operations.

Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board (LTFRB) - jurisdiction covers

vehicles used for public conveyance. It issues certificates of public convenience or

permits to public land transportation services It is also in charge of regulating and

adjusting fares for public transport services, prescribing, and regulating the routes areas

of operation for these services.

Philippine National Police-Highway Patrol Group (PNP-HPG) - Their presence might be

effective in deterring would-be traffic violators. Unlike with the MMDA, the HPG can chase

after and arrest traffic violators on the spot. Aside from helping direct traffic, one of the

HPG’s main functions is to go after carnapping cases.

Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) - used to maintain the Traffic

Accident Recording and Analysis System (TARAS) to identify blackspots where most

road crashes occur. The DPWH has to abide by standards in designing roads and other
infrastructure to make sure these are safe for all road users. This includes standardizing

road signs and pavement markings to comply with international safety standards, as well

as removing road hazards or relocating lampposts, electric poles, or other objects that

can affect motorists' safety.

Road Board - The Road Board manages the use of funds for projects submitted by DPWH

and DOTr. The Road Board was created through Republic Act 8794, which also

mandated the collection of MVUC for the maintenance of roads. The Road Board is

tasked with the management and use of special funds sourced from the proceeds of the

MVUC: The Special Road Support Fund, Special Local Road Fund, Special Road Safety

Fund, and Special Vehicle Pollution Control Fund.

Light Rail Transit Authority - is a public transport operator that is responsible for the

construction, operation and maintenance and/or lease of Manila Light Rail Transit System

in the Philippines

North Luzon Railway Corporation - is a pre-operating subsidiary of the Bases Conversion

and Development Autority (BCDA), whose primary purpose is to develop, construct,

operate and manage a railroad system to serve Metro Manila, Central Luzon and

Northern Luzon. Presently, NORTHRAIL is an attached agency of the Department of

Transportation and Communications (DOTC). The secondary purpose of NORTHRAIL is

develop, construct, manage, own, lease, sublease and operate establishments and

facilities of all kinds along the railroad system tourism, amusement and other purposes.

Further, the corporation is to develop, generally carry out all the activities of a railway line,

commercial development and/or operate, maintain various infrastructure, power and

electrical, facilities, drainage and sewerage, telecommunications and utility systems and

common facilities.

Toll Regulatory Board - it is a Philippine government agency that regulates all toll roads

in the Philippines. It possesses regulatory authority over all toll facilities in the Philippines

and is authorized under its charter to enter into contracts on behalf of the Republic of the

Philippines, with qualified persons, natural or juridical, for the construction, operation and

maintenance of toll facilities.

Office of Transport Cooperatives - an attached agency of the Department of

Transportation and Communications (DOTC), is tasked to administer and/or manage the

promulgation and implementation of rules and regulations governing the promotion,

organization, registration (accreditation) supervision, and development of the

transportation cooperatives nationwide.

SECTORS

• Road Networks

Primary Mode

Public Utility - Executive summary of our assessment of the Public

Utility Vehicle Modernization Program (PUVMP) of the Department

of Transportation (DoTr). The PUVMP is a much-needed reform of

the public transport sector that can make both commuting and public

transportation work dignified and humane. It facilitates the shift to

 safer, more efficient, convenient, climate-friendly and

environmentally sustainable technologies.

Shuttle - The Inter-Agency Task Force for the Management of

Emerging Infectious Diseases (IATF) has increased the passenger

capacity of commissioned shuttle services. The IATF directed the

Department of Labor and Employment and the Department of Trade

and Industry to issue the appropriate supplemental advisories for the

enforcement and monitoring of the health and safety protocols in

private shuttles.

Tourist – Although the government open the public for public

vehicles, the means of transportation for tourist in Manila is still

strict and closed to avoid huge crowd visiting and spread of the

virus.

Auxiliary Modes – This vehicles and mode of transportation can operate

under government issued and regulations in Manila. Where in they will

follow certain health regulations while on the road and to prevent the

spread of the virus within the area.

• Rail Sector

Philippine National railway

The North –South Railway Project is a proposed line between Metro Manila

and Legaspi City, the capital of Albay. The project was being implemented

by the Department of Transportations (DOTr) and the Philippine National

Railways (PNR) in year 2015 and was approved by National Economic and

Development Agency (NEDA). This project is aimed to provide better

transportation and logistics services between two rapidly growing regions in

the Philippines, Manila, and Legaspi.

The North-South railway project comprises two components. The first

component is a 653km (478km main line and 175km extension) long-haul

passenger rail line from Tutuban, Manila, to Legazpi, Bicol, with possible

extensions from Calamba, Laguna, to Batangas City (58km) and from

Legazpi, Albay, to Matnog, Sorsogon (117km). The second component

includes a 56km commuter rail line or the NSCR for daily riders on the

Tutuban, Manila to Calamba, Laguna route. An extension of the NSCR

approved in 2018 now includes two additional sections including the 38km

PNR Clark Phase one from Tutuban to Malolos and the 53km PNR Clark

Phase two from Malolos to Clark. The entire 147km elevated double track

line will include 36 stations and connect Clark International Airport to

Calamba.

The North- south railway Project is expected to cut down travel time of 35

minutes if going Tutuban from Malolos even during rush hours. It is said to

be more reliable and timelier and consistent service for rail sector.
Light rail transit (LRT)

• It’s been more than a year after the fire damage the LRT2 rectifiers and

some rail tracks, that results in cancelling operation of some rails system

like Katipunan, Anonas and Santolan. The light rail transit authority

(LRTA) is responsible in the repair works of the said damage rails.

However, after more than a year, LRTA announce the resume of

operator for LRT2 line was going to be this coming April 2021. It is also

said that the start of the two new stations will also be on April 26

according to LRTA Spokesperson Hernando Cabrera namely the

‘Emerald’ located in Marikina while the other one is ‘Masinag’in Antipolo

City. As what they promised that the two new stations will fully operate,

and commuters can access it in few months. A year after the suspension

of operation, three stations Katipunan, Santolan and Anonas are now

back on its operations with the upgrade physical features including the

escalators. Lastly aside from the upgrade features, the reopened

stations are now equipped with cashless payment to comply with the

governments protocol.

• It’s been almost two years since the Department of Transportation

(DOTr) announced the start of construction of the LRT-1 Cavite

Extension Project. Now, the agency has shared that rail line is now more

than halfway to completion. The Department of Transportation said that

the construction of the LRT1-Cavite Extension is now halfway finished

 with a progress rate of 50.6%. The advantage of this extension is to

reduce the travel time between Baclaran in Manila and Bacoor in Cavite

from over one hour to just 25 minutes. Aside from that, they are

expecting to increase the train’s capacity by 800,000 passengers daily,

from 300,000 passengers before. The extension is not just to cut down

travel time but to increase in numbers of passengers. DOTr said that the

partial operation of the LRT1 is expected to be by the end of 2021.

Metro Rail Transit

Metro rail transit line 7 is expected to be complete by the end of 2021. The

department of Transportation’s said Metro Rail Transit Line 7, a 22-

kilometer rail line which stretches from North Ave. to San Jose Del Monte

with 14 stations, would trim down travel time to only 35 minutes from about

two to three hours. Aside from that they are expecting that once operational,

there would be 300,000 to 850,000 passengers daily of the MRT line 7. The

following are the 14 stations of MRT line 7, Quezon North Avenue Joint

station, Quezon Memorial Circle, University Avenue, Tandang Sora, Don

Antonio, Batasan, Manggahan, Dona Carmen, Regalado, Mindanao

Avenue, Quirino, Sacred Heart, Tala, and San Jose del Monte. The MRT

line 7 will significantly reduce traffic in the area, minimize the travel times

and help decongest traffic in Caloocan and Balagtas Interchange of North

Luzon Expressway (NLEx). The construction started at April 2016 and is

expected to complete by the end of 2021.

General Reports on Land Transportation in Manila

The Development of Roadways

Roads are the arteries through which the economy pulses. By linking producers to

markets, workers to jobs, students to school, and the sick to hospitals, roads are vital to

any development agenda. By the time of, ancient Chinese, Egyptians, and Incas, they

built trails to connect their cities. The Romans were the most sophisticated road builders

back then. They built wide roads and paved them with stones. The development of roads

was critical to the expansion of the United States.

The Development of the Railroad

The first railway was developed in England in the sixteenth century. They were

operated by hand and went back and forth on short runs in tunnel mines. The standard

steam engine was developed in 1829. Towns were established by the railroads and by

the mid-1900s most steam engines had been replaced by diesel-electric

locomotives/engines. Diesel locomotives produce much less air pollution and can pull 50

to 60 train cars. By placing more than one locomotive, the train can be even longer. Since

the invention, railroads have played an immense role in further developing civilizations

around the world.

Pathways All land vehicles travel on pathways.

Pathways allow natural barriers to be crossed. Mountains are tunneled, and rivers

are bridged. Roads, highways, and sidewalks are examples of non-fixed pathways. A

railway and a subway are two examples of fixed pathways, and pipelines are examples

of stationary pathways.
 Pathways are beneficial to communities for various reasons. They provide means

of travel and mobility that are less expensive, healthier, and have less impact on the

environment than automobiles. They provide access and enjoyment to natural areas that

are unreachable by roads and vehicles. They often allow circulation in more direct routes

than is possible via roads.

Modes of Land Transportation in Manila

Highway Land Transportation - is the movement of people or cargo on roadways and

highways.

Rail Land Transportation - also known as train transport. It is a means of transport, on

vehicles which run on tracks (rails or railroads). It is one of the most important, commonly

used, and very cost-effective modes of commuting and goods carriage over long, as well

as short distances.

Pipeline Transportation: a method of transportation that involves the movement of

solid, liquid, or gaseous products over long distances through pipelines. This mode

of transportation is mostly used for the transport of crude and refined petroleum

products such as oil and natural gas.

On-Site Transportation: Material handling devices are vehicles used to transport cargo

within buildings or complexes. The most popular people moving vehicle is the elevator.

Recreational Land Transportation: Transport for fun, sport, and recreation. Bicycles

may be the most popular recreational vehicle.

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