مـدرســة االمــتـــيـــاز الـعالــمـيـــــة
Excellence International Schools
Academic Year 2023-2024
Worksheet #1 – 1st Term
Chapter 6
Grade: 8
Name:____________________________________ Class:___________
I. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS:
1) A cyclist travels down a hill from rest at point X without pedalling.
The cyclist applies his brakes and the cycle stops at point Y.
Which energy changes have taken place between X and Y?
A kinetic → internal (heat) → gravitational potential
B kinetic → gravitational potential → internal (heat)
C gravitational potential → internal (heat) → kinetic
D gravitational potential → kinetic → internal (heat)
2) A pole vaulter runs up to a jump with his pole straight. He puts one end of the
pole on the ground and the pole bends.
Which form of energy is stored in the
pole because it is bent?
A kinetic C chemical
B strain D electrical
3) A certain machine is very efficient. What does this mean?
A It produces a large amount of power.
B It uses very little energy.
C It wastes very little energy.
D It works very quickly.
Excellence Int. School Physics G8 worksheet Page 1 of 4
4) A skier walks from the bottom of a ski slope to the top and gains 10 000 J of
gravitational potential energy. She skis down the slope. At the bottom of the
slope, her kinetic energy is 2000 J. How much energy
was converted into thermal energy and sound energy
as the skier moved down the slope?
A 2000 J C 10 000 J
B 8000 J D 12 000 J
5) An object falls from a height of 5.0 m. Air resistance can be ignored.
As it hits the ground the object has 750 J of kinetic energy. What is its mass?
A 15 kg B 50 kg C 75 kg D 150 kg
6) A car accelerates along a road as it rises uphill. Which energy changes are
taking place?
7) The diagram shows the energy used by a modern lamp.
Which expression gives the efficiency of the lamp?
8) Which energy transfer takes place when a matchstick burns?
A chemical to thermal
B chemical to nuclear
C nuclear to chemical
D thermal to chemical
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II. Answer the following Questions:
1. A soft rubber ball of mass 0.15 kg is dropped, in a vacuum, from a height of 2.0 m
on to a hard surface. The ball then bounces.
(a) State the main energy changes taking place when
(i) The ball is falling.
g.p.e to K.e
....................................................................................................................................
(ii) The ball hits the surface and is changing shape.
K.e to strain energy
.....................................................................................................................................
(iii) The ball is regaining its shape and is rising from the surface.
strain energy to K.e
....................................................................................................................................
(b) Calculate the speed with which the ball hits the surface
v= 2 g h
v= 2 x 10 x 2 =6.32 m/s
speed = ..........................................................
(c) After rebounding from the surface, the ball rises to a height of 1.9 m.
Suggest why the height to which the ball rises is less than the height from which the
ball falls.
........................................................................................................................................
Due to heat (thermal loss)
.........................................................................................................................................
2. (a) A force is used to move an object from the Earth’s surface to a greater height.
Explain why the gravitational potential energy (g.p.e.) of the object increases.
.....................................................................................................................................
because g.p.e = mgh, so as the height increase, g.p.e will increase
.....................................................................................................................................
(b) Fig. 2.1 shows a train moving up towards the top
of a mountain. The train transports 80 passengers,
each of average mass 65 kg, through a vertical
height of 1600 m. Calculate the increase in the total
gravitational potential energy (g.p.e.) of the passengers. Fig. 2.1
g.p.e = (80 x 65 x 10 x 1600)
increase in g.p.e. = .........................................................
= 83200 KJ
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(c) The Engine has an input of 2.7 x 107 J. Calculate the efficiency of the engine in
raising the 80 passengers 1600 m to the top of the mountain.
(8.3 x 10 )/ (2.7 x 10 ) x 100 =
3.1 %
efficiency = .........................................................
3. Fig.3.1 shows a car on a roller-coaster ride.
Fig. 3.1
mass of car = 600 kg
kinetic energy of car at point A = 160 kJ
(a) Calculate the speed of the car at A.
v = 2K.e/m
v= 23 m/s
speed = .................................................
(b) As the car travels from A to B, it loses 40 kJ of energy due to friction.
The car just manages to roll over the crest of the hill at B.
Calculate the height h
g.p.e = 160K - 40 K = 120 KJ
height h = h= g.p.e/ (mg)= 20 m
.................................................
(c) At C, the car is slowed down by a shallow tank of water and the kinetic energy of
the car is reduced to zero. Make three suggestions for what happens to this kinetic
energy.
KE of water
1.......................................................................................................................................
PE of water
2.......................................................................................................................................
3. .....................................................................................................................................
sound
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