ANSWERS:
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
1C
2C
3C
4B
5D
6C
7A
8A
9D
10 C
ASSERTION AND REASON QUESTIONS
1B
2A
3A
4C
5C
CASE STUDY BASED QUESTIONS
i) C
ii) B
iii) D
iv) A
i) B
ii) D
iii) C
iv) B
v) B
3
i) B
ii) C
iii) C
iv) B
VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
Q.1. Name an olfactory indicator?
Ans- Onion
Q.2. The pH of an aqueous solution decreases from 3 to 2. What will happen to the nature of the
solution ?
Ans- The acidic character of the solution will further increases.
Q.3. A cloth strip dipped in onion juice is used for testing a liquid ‘X. The liquid ‘X changes its
odour. Which type of an indicator is onion juice?
Ans - Olfactory indicator
Q.4. Which bases are called alkalies? Give an example.
Ans - Water soluble bases are called alkalies. e.g.- NaOH
Q.5. A milk man adds a very small amount of baking soda to fresh milk. Why?
Ans- It is done to prevent the formation of lactic acid which spoils the milk.
Q.6. Name the hardest substance in the body.
Ans- Tooth enamel (Calcium phosphate).
Q.7. Acidic and basic solutions in water conduct electricity. Why?
Ans- Because they produce hydrogen and hydroxide ions respectively.
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1 With the help of an example, explain what happens when a base reacts with a non- metallic
oxide. What do you infer about the nature of non-metal oxide?
Ans: Oxides of non-metals react with bases to form salt and water. For example, the reaction
between carbon dioxide and calcium hydroxide. Calcium hydroxide, which is a base, reacts with
carbon dioxide to produce salt and water. Hence, oxides of non-metals are acidic in nature.
2 An old man complained of acute pain in stomach. Doctor gave him a small antacid tablet and he
got immediate relief. What actually happened?
Ans: The old man was suffering from acute acidity. Antacid tablet contains NaHCO3. It reacts with the
acid HCl formed because of acidity and neutralizes its effect.
3. A gas X reacts with lime water and forms a compound Y which is used as a bleaching agent in
the chemical industry. Identify X and Y. Give the chemical equation of the reaction involved.
Ans: X is chlorine Y is CaOCl2 (calcium oxychloride) used as bleaching agent.
Ca (OH) 2+ Cl2 --------------CaOCl2 +H2O
4. A doctor applied surgical bandages on the fractured bones of a patient after making it wet. What
changes are likely to occur?
Ans: Surgical bandages are made from plaster of Paris. When applied on the fractured bones after
making them wet , it changes into a hard mass called Gypsum.
CaSO4.1/2 H2O + 3/2 H2O------- CaSO4.2H2O
5. A sample of bleaching powder was kept in an airtight container. After a month, it lost some
of its chlorine content. How will you account for it?
Ans: Bleaching powder if kept even in an air tight container will slowly decompose of its own and
form calcium chlorate and calcium chloride. The reaction is called auto oxidation. This will result in
decrease in its Chlorine contents.
6CaOCl2 -----Ca(ClO3)2 + 5CaCl2
6. Salt A commonly used in bakery products on heating gets converted into another salt B
which itself is used for removal of hardness of water and a gas C is evolved. The gas C when
passed through lime water, turns it milky. Identify A, B and C.
Ans: Baking soda is a salt used in bakery products. It gives sodium carbonate and carbon dioxide gas
on heating. Sodium carbonate is used to remove the hardness of water. Carbon dioxide turns lime
water milky. Therefore,
Salt A is sodium bicarbonate
Salt B is sodium carbonate, which is used to remove hardness of water.
The C is carbon dioxide gas which turns lime water milky.
7. When electricity is passed through a common salt solution, sodium hydroxide is produced
along with the liberation of two gases ‘X’ and T. The gas ‘X’ burns with a pop sound
whereas T is used for disinfecting drinking water.
(i) Identify X and Y.
(ii) Give the chemical equation for the reaction stated above.
(iii) State the reaction of Y with dry slaked lime.
Ans:
(i) The gas X’ is H2 and gas ‘Y’ is Cl2.
(ii) The chemical equation for the reaction is:
(iii) Cl2 reacts with slaked lime to form bleaching powder.
Ca (OH)2 + Cl2 → CaOCl2 + H2O
8. Mohan and Priyanka were playing in the garden. Priyanka was stung by a bee and started
crying and returned home. Her mother immediately observed the affected area and
applied a thin coating of toothpaste as first aid, then took her to the nearest doctor.
(i) Why did Priyanka cry?
(ii) Name the chemical substance present in bee sting.
(iii) How is toothpaste effective in such an incident?
9. Fresh milk has a pH of 6. When it changes to curd, will its pH value increase or decrease?
Why?
Ans- When fresh milk changes to curd, the pH of the solution is likely to decrease. Actually, lactose
present in milk gets converted to lactic acid when curd is formed from milk. Therefore, the medium
becomes more acidic and its pH decreases.
10. The oxide of a metal M was water soluble. When a blue litmus trip was dipped in this
solution, it did not undergo any change in colour .Predict the nature of the oxide.
Ans- The metal oxide (MO) is of basic in nature. It dissolves in water to from metal hydroxide as
follow.
MO + H2O-----M(OH)2
A blue litmus does not undergo any change in color in the basic medium.
LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1 (a) Name the raw materials used in the manufacture of Sodium carbonate in Solvay process?
(b) How is sodium bi carbonate formed during the Solvay process separated from a mixture of
NH4Cl and NaHCO3?
(c)How is sodium carbonate obtained from Sodium bi Carbonate?
Ans- (a) The raw materials used are: NaCl, Lime stone or CaCO3 and NH3
(b) NaHCO3 is sparingly soluble or less soluble in water and gets separated as a precipitate while
NH4Cl remains in solution. The filtrate is removed by filtration.
(c ) NaHCO3 is converted to sodium carbonate upon heating.
2NaHCO3 ---- Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2
2 (a) Why does an aqueous solution of an acid conduct electricity?
(b) How does the concentration of hydrogen ion changes the solution of an acid is diluted with
water?
(c ) Which has a higher pH value ; a concentrated or dilute HCl?
(d) What would you observe on adding dilute HCl to
(i) Sodium bicarbonate placed in a test tube.
(ii) Zinc metal in a test tube.
Ans- (a) An aqueous solution of an acid conducts electricity because in water an acid dissociates to
give ions. Since current is carried by the movements of ions, a.q. solution of acid conduct electricity.
(b) Upon dilution, more of acid dissociates into ions Therefore concentration of hydrogen ion
increases.
(c ) Although more H+ ions are formed upon dilution , but the number of ions per unit volume
decrease. Therefore, pH will increase upon dilution.
(d) (i) CO2 gas would evolve accompanied by brisk effervescences.
NaHCO3 +HCl ------NaCl + CO2 + H2O
(ii) Hydrogen gas would evolve accompanied by brisk effervescences.
Zn + 2HCl --- ZnCl2 + H2