1.

The perimeter of a triangle with vertices (0, 4), (0, 0) and (3, 0) is________________
Solution:
(B) 12
The vertices of a triangle are (0, 4), (0, 0) and (3, 0).
Now, perimeter of ΔAOB = Sum of the length of all its sides:
= distance between (OA+OB+AB)
Distance between the points (x1,y1) and (x2, y2) is given by,
d = √ ((x2 – x1)2 + (y2 – y1)2)

To find:
Distance between A(0, 4) and O(0, 0) + Distance between O(0, 0) and B(3, 0) + Distance
between A(0, 4) and B(3, 0)

Therefore, the required perimeter of triangle is 12

2. Find the points on the x–axis which are at a distance of 2√5 from the point (7, –4). How
many such points are there?
Solution:
Let coordinates of the point=(x, 0)(given that the point lies on x axis)
x1=7. y1=-4
x2=x. y2=0
Distance =√(x2-x1)2+ (y2-y1)2
According to the question,
2√5=√(x-7)2+ (0-(-4))2
Squaring L.H.S and R.H.S
20=x2+49-14x+16
20=x2+65-14x
0=x2-14x+45
0=x2-9x-5x+45
0=x(x-9)-5(x-9)
0=(x-9) (x-5)
x-9 =0. x-5= 0
x=9 or x=5
Therefore, coordinates of points…..(9,0)or(5,0)
3. Find the value of a, if the distance between the points A (–3, –14) and B (a, –5) is 9 units.
Solution:
Distance between two points (x1,y1) ( x2,y2) is :
d=√(x2-x1)²+(y2-y1)²
Distance between A (–3, –14) and B (a, –5) is :
=√[(a+3)²+(-5+14)²] =9
Squaring on L.H.S and R.H.S.
(a+3)²+81=81
(a+3)²=0
(a+3)(a+3)=0
a+3=0
a= -3
4. Find the area of the triangle whose vertices are (–8, 4), (–6, 6) and (–3, 9).
Solution:
Given vertices are:
(x₁, y₁) = (-8, 4)
(x₂, y₂) = (-6, 6)
(x₃, y₃) = (-3, 9)
Area of triangle = (½) (x₁(y₂ – y₃) + x₂(y₃ – y₁) + x₃(y₁ – y₂))
= (½) (-8(6 – 9) + -6(9 – 4) + -3(4 – 6))
= (½) (-8(-3) + -6(5) + -3(-2))
= (½) (24 – 30 + 6)
= (½) (30 – 30)
= 0 units.
5. In what ratio does the x–axis divide the line segment joining the points (– 4, – 6) and (–1,
7)? Find the coordinates of the point of division.
Solution:
Let the ratio in which x-axis divides the line segment joining (–4, –6) and (–1, 7) = 1: k.
Then,
x-coordinate becomes (-1 – 4k) / (k + 1)
y-coordinate becomes (7 – 6k) / (k + 1)
Since P lies on x-axis, y coordinate = 0
(7 – 6k) / (k + 1) = 0
7 – 6k = 0
k = 6/7
Now, m1 = 6 and m2 = 7
By using section formula,
x = (m1x2 + m2x1)/(m1 + m2)
= (6(-1) + 7(-4))/(6+7)
= (-6-28)/13
= -34/13
So, now
y = (6(7) + 7(-6))/(6+7)
= (42-42)/13
=0
Hence, the coordinates of P are (-34/13, 0)

6. AOBC is a rectangle whose three vertices are vertices A (0, 3), O (0, 0) and B (5, 0). The
length of its diagonal is________
Solution:
(C) √34
The three vertices are: A = (0, 3), O = (0, 0), B = (5, 0)
We know that, the diagonals of a rectangle are of equal length,
Length of the diagonal AB = Distance between the points A and B
Distance formula: d2 = (x2 – x1)2 + (y2 – y1)2
According to the question,
We have;

x1 = 0, x2 = 5
y2 = 3, y2 = 0
d2 = (5 – 0)2 + (0 – 3)2
d= √((5-0)2+ (0-3)2)
d = √(25 + 9)= √34
Distance between A (0, 3) and B (5, 0) is √34
Therefore, the length of its diagonal is √34

7. A quadratic polynomial, whose zeroes are –3 and 4, is_________________

Solution:
(C) (x2/2)-(x/2)-6
Explanation:
Sum of zeroes, α+ β= -3+4 =1
Product of Zeroes, αβ = -3× 4 = -12
Therefore, the quadratic polynomial becomes,
x²- (sum of zeroes)x+(product of zeroes)
= x²- (α+ β)x+(αβ)
= x² – (1)x + (-12)
= x² – x -12
divide by 2, we get
= x²/2 – x/2 -12/2
= x²/2 – x/2 -6
Hence, option (C) is the correct answer.
8. For each of the following, find a quadratic polynomial whose sum and product
respectively of the zeroes are as given. Also, find the zeroes of these polynomials by
factorisation.
(i) (–8/3), 4/3
(ii) 21/8, 5/16
Solution:
(i) Sum of the zeroes = – 8/3
Product of the zeroes = 4/3
P(x) = x2 – (sum of the zeroes) + (product of the zeroes)
Then, P(x)= x2 – (-8x)/3 + 4/3
P(x)= 3x2 + 8x + 4
Using splitting the middle term method,
3x2 + 8x + 4 = 0
3x2 + (6x + 2x) + 4 = 0
3x2 + 6x + 2x + 4 = 0
3x(x + 2) + 2(x + 2) = 0
(x + 2)(3x + 2) = 0
⇒ x = -2, -2/3
(ii) Sum of the zeroes = 21/8
Product of the zeroes = 5/16
P(x) = x2 – (sum of the zeroes) + (product of the zeroes)
Then, P(x)= x2 – 21x/8 + 5/16
P(x)= 16x2 – 42x + 5
Using splitting the middle term method,
16x2 – 42x + 5 = 0
16x2 – (2x + 40x) + 5 = 0
16x2 – 2x – 40x + 5 = 0
2x (8x – 1) – 5(8x – 1) = 0
(8x – 1)(2x – 5) = 0
⇒ x = 1/8, 5/2
9. Given that the zeroes of the cubic polynomial x3 – 6x2 + 3x + 10 are of the
form a, a + b, a + 2b for some real numbers a and b, find the values of a and b as well as the
zeroes of the given polynomial.
Solution:
Given that a, a+b, a+2b are roots of given polynomial x³-6x²+3x+10
Sum of the roots ⇒ a+2b+a+a+b = -coefficient of x²/ coefficient of x³
⇒ 3a+3b = -(-6)/1 = 6
⇒ 3(a+b) = 6
⇒ a+b = 2 ——— (1) b = 2-a
Product of roots ⇒ (a+2b)(a+b)a = -constant/coefficient of x³
⇒ (a+b+b)(a+b)a = -10/1
Substituting the value of a+b=2 in it
⇒ (2+b)(2)a = -10
⇒ (2+b)2a = -10
⇒ (2+2-a)2a = -10
⇒ (4-a)2a = -10
⇒ 4a-a² = -5
⇒ a²-4a-5 = 0
⇒ a²-5a+a-5 = 0
⇒ (a-5)(a+1) = 0
a-5 = 0 or a+1 = 0
a = 5 a = -1
a = 5, -1 in (1) a+b = 2
When a = 5, 5+b=2 ⇒ b=-3
a = -1, -1+b=2 ⇒ b= 3
∴ If a=5 then b= -3
or
If a= -1 then b=3

10. Sides AB and AC and median AD of a triangle ABC are respectively proportional to
sides PQ and PR and median PM of another triangle PQR. Show that ΔABC ~ ΔPQR.
Solution:
Given: Two triangles ΔABC and ΔPQR in which AD and PM are medians such that;
AB/PQ = AC/PR = AD/PM
We have to prove, ΔABC ~ ΔPQR
Let us construct first: Produce AD to E so that AD = DE. Join CE, Similarly produce PM to N
such that PM = MN, also Join RN.

In ΔABD and ΔCDE, we have

AD = DE [By Construction.]
BD = DC [Since, AP is the median]
and, ∠ADB = ∠CDE [Vertically opposite angles]
∴ ΔABD ≅ ΔCDE [SAS criterion of congruence]
⇒ AB = CE [By CPCT] …………………………..(i)
Also, in ΔPQM and ΔMNR,
PM = MN [By Construction.]
QM = MR [Since, PM is the median]
and, ∠PMQ = ∠NMR [Vertically opposite angles]
∴ ΔPQM = ΔMNR [SAS criterion of congruence]
⇒ PQ = RN [CPCT] ………………………………(ii)
Now, AB/PQ = AC/PR = AD/PM
From equation (i) and (ii),
⇒CE/RN = AC/PR = AD/PM
⇒ CE/RN = AC/PR = 2AD/2PM
⇒ CE/RN = AC/PR = AE/PN [Since 2AD = AE and 2PM = PN]
∴ ΔACE ~ ΔPRN [SSS similarity criterion]
Therefore, ∠2 = ∠4
Similarly, ∠1 = ∠3
∴ ∠1 + ∠2 = ∠3 + ∠4
⇒ ∠A = ∠P …………………………………………….(iii)
Now, in ΔABC and ΔPQR, we have
AB/PQ = AC/PR (Already given)
From equation (iii),
∠A = ∠P
∴ ΔABC ~ ΔPQR [ SAS similarity criterion]
11. Find the value of x for which DE||AB in given figure.

Solution:
According to the question,
DE || AB
Using basic proportionality theorem,
CD/AD = CE/BE
∴ If a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle such that it intersects the other sides at
distinct points, then, the other two sides are divided in the same ratio.
Hence, we can conclude that, the line drawn is equal to the third side of the triangle.

(x + 3) (3x + 4) = x (3x + 19)

3x2 + 4x + 9x + 12 = 3x2 + 19x
19x – 13x = 12
6x = 12
∴ x = 12/6 = 2
12. In figure, if AB || DC and AC, PQ intersect each other at the point O. Prove that
[Link] = [Link].
Solution:
According to the question,
AC and PQ intersect each other at the point O and AB||DC.
From ∆AOP and ∆COQ,
∠AOP = ∠COQ [Since they are vertically opposite angles]
∠APO = ∠CQO [since, AB||DC and PQ is transversal, the angles are alternate angles]
∴ ∆AOP ∼ ∆COQ [using AAA similarity criterion]
Then, since, corresponding sides are proportional
We have,
OA/OC = AP/CQ
OA × CQ = OC × AP
Hence Proved.
13. If ∆ABC ∼ ∆DEF, AB = 4 cm, DE = 6, EF = 9 cm and FD = 12 cm, then find the
perimeter of ∆ABC.
Solution:
According to the question,
AB = 4 cm,
DE = 6 cm
EF = 9 cm
FD = 12 cm
Also,
∆ABC ∼ ∆DEF
We have,
By taking first two terms, we have

And by taking last two terms, we have,

Now,
Perimeter of ∆ABC = AB + BC + AC
= 4 + 6 + 8 = 18 cm
Thus, the perimeter of the triangle is 18 cm.