Solution
ASSIGNMENT
Class 12 - Applied Mathematics
1. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
Modulo Arithmetic
There are 24 hours in a day. To know the time we use clocks. There are mainly two types of clocks. 12 hours clock and 24 hours
clock. 12 hours clock repeat itself twice in a day i.e. 24 hours of a day are divided into two periods called a.m. (ante meridiem)
and p.m. (post meridiem). Each period consists of 12 hours numbered 12 (acting as 0), 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10,11. Then 24
hours per day cycle starts at 12 midnight (usually indicated as 12 a.m.) runs through 12 noon (usually indicated as 12 p.m.) and
continues just before midnight at the end of the day.
(i) (d) 7 : 00 p.m
Explanation: 7 : 00 p.m
(ii) (a) 5 : 00 a.m
Explanation: 5 : 00 a.m
(iii) (d) 14 : 00
Explanation: 14 : 00
(iv) (a) 8 : 00 p.m.
Explanation: 8 : 00 p.m.
(v) (d) 03 : 00 p.m., 15 : 00
Explanation: 03 : 00 p.m., 15 : 00
2. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
Amit, Biraj and Chirag were given the task of creating a square matrix of order 2.
Below are the matrices created by them. A, B, C are the matrices created by Amit, Biraj and Chirag respectively.
1 2 4 0 2 0
A=[ ] ,B=[ ,C=[
] ]
−1 3 1 5 1 −2
If a = 4 and b = −2, based on the above information answer the following:
(i) 7 2
[ ]
1 6
(ii) 1 2
[ ]
−1 3
(iii) −2 2
[ ]
−4 −6
(iv) −4 −4
[ ]
−6 4
(v) 8 0
[ ]
2 10
3. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
Assume the following data regarding the number of USB cables and their types manufactured in the company I, II and III per day.
Type A Type B Type C
I 40 30 50
II 20 80 10
III 40 60 5
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(i) ⎡
40 30 50
⎤
⎢ 20 80 10 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
40 60 5
(ii) Number of USB type ‘C’ = 5, Produced by company = III
(iii)360
(iv)670
(v) 10
4. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
Assume the given data regarding the number of USB cables and their types manufactured in the company I, II and III per day.
Type A Type B Type C
I 40 30 50
II 20 80 10
III 40 60 5
(i) ⎡
40 30 50
⎤
⎢ 20 80 10 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
40 60 5
(ii) Number of USB type ‘C’ = 5 ,Produced by company = I
(iii)360
(iv)670
(v) 10
5. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
A trust fund has ₹ 35000 that must be invested in two different types of bonds, say X and Y. The first bond pays 10% interest p.a.
which will be given to an old age home and second one pays 8% interest p.a. which will be given to WWA (Women Welfare
Association). Let A be a 1 × 2 matrix and B be a 2 × 1 matrix, representing the investment and interest rate on each bond
respectively.
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(i) If ₹ 15000 is invested in bond X, then the amount invested in bond Y = ₹ (35000 - 15000) = ₹20000
X Y
A = Investment [ 15000 20000 ]
Invest rate Invest rate
X 10 % X 0.1
and B = [ ] = [ ]
Y 8 % Y 0.08
(ii) The amount of interest received on each bond is given by
0.1
AB = [15000 20000] × [ ]
0.08
= [15000 × 0.1 + 20000 × 0.08] = [1500 + 1600] = 3100
(iii)Let ₹ x be invested in bond X and then ₹ (35000 - x) will be invested in bond Y.
Now, total amount of interest is given by
0.1
[x 35000 - x] [ ] = [0.1x + (35000 - x) 0.08]
0.08
But, it is given that total amount of interest = ₹ 3200
∴ 0.1x + 2800 - 0.08x = 3200
⇒ 0.02 x = 400 ⇒ x = 20000
Thus, ₹ 20000 invested in bond X and ₹ 35000 - ₹ 20000
= ₹ 15000 invested in bond Y.
(iv)AB will give the total amount of interest received on both bonds.
(v) Let ₹ x invested in bond X, then we have
x× 10
100
= 500 ⇒ x = 5000
Thus, the amount invested in bond X is ₹ 5000 and so investment in bond Y be ₹ (35000 - 5000) = ₹ 30000
6. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
A manufacturer produces three stationery products Pencil, Eraser and Sharpener which he sells in two markets. Annual sales are
indicated below:
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(i) ₹46,000
(ii) ₹53,000
(iii)₹31,000
(iv)(₹15,000, ₹17,000)
(v) ₹32,000
7. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
Three shopkeepers A, B and C go to a store to buy stationery. A purchase 12 dozen notebooks, 5 dozen pens and 6 dozen pencils.
B purchases 10 dozen notebooks, 6 dozen pens and 7 dozen pencils. C purchases 11 dozen notebooks, 13 dozen pens and 8 dozen
pencils. A notebook costs ₹40, a pen costs ₹12 and a pencil costs ₹3.
(i) The number of items purchased by shopkeepers A, B and C can be written in matrix form as
N otebooks pens pencils
144 60 72 A
⎡ ⎤
X= ⎢ 120 72 84 ⎥ B
⎣ ⎦
132 156 96 C
(ii) ⎡
40
⎤
N ote book
Since, Y = ⎢ 12 ⎥ P en
⎣ ⎦
3 P encil
144 60 72 40
⎡ ⎤⎡ ⎤
∴ XY = ⎢ 120 72 84 ⎥ ⎢ 12 ⎥
⎣ ⎦⎣ ⎦
132 156 96 3
5760 + 720 + 216 6696
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
=⎢ 4800 + 864 + 252 ⎥ = ⎢ 5916 ⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
5280 + 1872 + 288 7440
(iii)Bill of A is ₹6696
(iv)(A + I)2 = A2 + 2A + I = 3A + I
⇒ (A + I)3 = (3A + I) (A + I)
= 3A2 + 4A + I = 7A + I
∴ (A + I)3 - 7A = I
(v) A2 - B2 = (A - B) (A + B) = A2 + AB - BA - B2
∴ AB = BA
8. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
The management committee of a residential colony decided to award some of its members(say x)for honesty, some(say y)for
helping others and some others(say z) for supervising the workers to kept the colony neat and clean. The sum of all the awardees
is 12. Three times the sum of awardees for cooperation and supervision added to two times the number of awardees for honesty is
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33. The sum of the number of awardees for honesty and supervision is twice the number of awardees for helping.
(i) 12
(ii) -z
(iii)5
(iv)11
(v) 43
9. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
Manjit wants to donate a rectangular plot of land for a school in his village. When he was asked to give dimensions of the plot,he
told that if its length is decreased by 50 m and breadth is increased by 50m, then its area will remain same, but if length is
decreased by 10 m and breadth is decreased by 20m, then its area will decrease by 5300 m2.
information given above, answer the following questions:
(i) x - y = 50, 2x + y = 550
(ii) 1 −1 x 50
[ ] [ ] = [ ]
2 1 y 550
(iii)200 m
(iv)150 m
(v) 30000 sq.m.
10. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
Two schools Oxford and Navdeep want to award their selected students on the values of sincerity, truthfulness and helpfulness.
Oxford wants to award ₹ x each, ₹ y each and ₹ z each for the three respective values to 3, 2 and 1 students respectively with a
total award money of 1600. Navdeep wants to spend 2300 to award its 4, 1 and 3 students on the respective values (by giving the
same amount to the three values as before). The total amount of the award for one prize on each is ₹ 900.
(i) 900
(ii) 2300
(iii)300
(iv)1300
(v) 100
11. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
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Raja purchases 3 pens, 2 pencils and 1 mathematics instrument box and pays ₹41 to the shopkeeper. His friends, Daya and Anil
purchases 2pens,1 pencil, 2 instrument boxes and 2 pens, 2 pencils and 2 mathematical instrument boxes respectively. Daya and
Anil pays ₹ 29 and ₹ 44 respectively. Based on the above information answer the following:
(i) ₹ 2
(ii) ₹ 17
(iii)₹ 7
(iv)₹ 20
(v) ₹ 22
12. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
Two schools A and B want to award their selected students on the values of Honesty, Hard work and Punctuality. School A wants
to award ₹x each, ₹y each and ₹z each for the three respective values to its 3, 2 and 1 students respectively with a total award
money of ₹2200. School B wants to spend ₹3100 to award its 4, 1 and 3 students on the respective values (by giving the same
award money to the three values as school A). The total amount of award for one prize on each value is ₹1200.
(i) ₹300
(ii) ₹500
(iii)₹400
(iv)0
(v) |Q|
13. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
2 3
⎡ ⎤
2 3 −1
Explanation: The given matrices are A = [ ] and B = ⎢ 4 5⎥
1 4 2 ⎣ ⎦
2 1
Order of A = 2 × 3; Order of B = 3 × 2
Since, number of columns in A is equal to the number of rows in B.
⇒ AB is defined.
Also, number of columns in B is equal to the number of rows in A.
∴ The product BA is also defined.
14. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
15. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
16. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
xy 4 4 w
Explanation: We have, [ ]= [ ]
z+ 5 x + y 0 4
On comparing both the matrices, we get
z + 5 = 0 ⇒ z = -5
4=w⇒w=4
4
x + y = 4 and xy = 4 ⇒ y = x
∴ x +
4
x
= 4 ⇒ x2 + 4 = 4x
⇒ x2 - 4x + 4 = 0
2
−(−4)± √(−4) −4(1)(4)
⇒ x=
2(1)
4± √16−16 4
⇒ x = = = 2
2 2
∴ y=4-x=4-2=2
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17. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
2 3 2 −3
Explanation: Let A = [ ] and B = [ ] be two matrices.
1 2 −1 2
2 3 2 −3
Then, AB = [ ][ ]
1 2 −1 2
4 − 3 −6 + 6 1 0
= [ ]= [ ]= I
2 − 2 −3 + 4 0 1
2 −3 2 3
Also, BA = [ ][ ]
−1 2 1 2
4 − 3 6 − 6
= [ ]
−2 + 2 −3 + 4
1 0
= [ ]= I
0 1
Thus, B is the inverse of A.
18. (d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation: Assertion: Given, A2 = kA - 2I
⇒ AA = kA - 2I
3 −2 3 −2 3 −2 1 0
⇒ [ ][ ] = k[ ]− 2[ ]
4 −2 4 −2 4 −2 0 1
9 − 8 −6 + 4 3k −2k 2 0
⇒ [ ] = [ ]− [ ]
12 − 8 −8 + 4 4k −2k 0 2
1 −2 3k − 2 −2k
⇒ [ ]= [ ]
4 −4 4k −2k − 2
By definition of equality of matrix, the given matrices are equal and their corresponding elements are equal.
Now, comparing the corresponding elements, we get
3k - 2 = 1 ⇒ k = 1
⇒ -2k = -2 = k = 1
⇒ 4k = 4 ⇒ k = 1
⇒ -4 = -2A - 2 ⇒ k = 1
Hence, k = 1
Reason: We have,
(A + B)(A + B) = A(A + B) + B(A + B)
= A2 + AB + BA + B2
19. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
2 4 1 3
Explanation: The given matrices are A = [ ] and B = [ ]
3 2 −2 5
2 4 1 3
Then, A + B = [ ]+ [ ]
3 2 −2 5
2 + 1 4 + 3 3 7
= [ ]= [ ]
3 − 2 2 + 5 1 7
20. (d) A is false but R is true.
3 −1 0
Explanation: A = [ ]
4 2 1
3 −1 0 −1 2 1
∴ A+B=[ ]+ [ ]
4 2 1 1 2 3
2 1 1
= [ ]
5 4 4
2 5
⎡ ⎤
Assertion: (A + B)' = ⎢ 1 4⎥
⎣ ⎦
1 4
3 4 −1 1 4 3
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
Now, A' - B' = ⎢ −1 2⎥ − ⎢ 2 2 ⎥ = ⎢ −3 0 ⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
0 1 1 3 −1 −2
∴ (A + B)' ≠ A' - B'
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3 −1 0 −1 2 1
Reason: Now, A - B = [ ]− [ ]
4 2 1 1 2 3
4 −3 −1
= [ ]
3 0 −2
4 3
⎡ ⎤
(A - B)' = ⎢ −3 0 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
−1 −2
3 4 −1 1 4 3
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
and A' - B' = ⎢ −1 2⎥ − ⎢ 2 2 ⎥ = ⎢ −3 0 ⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
0 1 1 3 −1 −2
∴ (A - B)' = A' - B'
21. (c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: For three matrices A, B and C of the same order, if A = B, then AC = BC but the converse is not true.
22. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: We define -A = (-1)A
3 1
If A = [ ]
−5 x
then -A is given by
3 1 −3 −1
-A = (-1)A = (−1) [ ]= [ ]
−5 x 5 −x
23. (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Assertion: Since, A and B are symmetric matrices.
∴ AT = A and BT = B.
Now, to check A (BA) is symmetric.
Consider [A(BA)]T = (BA)T⋅ AT = (ATBT)AT
= (AB)A = A(BA)
So, [A(BA)]T = A (BA)
⇒ A(BA) is symmetric.
Similarly, (AB) A is symmetric.
So, Assertion is true.
Reason: Now, (AB)' = B'A'
= BA
This will be symmetric, if A and B is commutative i.e. AB = BA.
Hence, both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
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