RESEARCH VALIDITY POORNIMA S R – 23/12/2024
MODERATOR – Mr PAASUPADHAM
RESEARCH VALIDITY
Research validity is defined as the extent to which a concept is accurately measured
in a study.
It ensures that the results are credible, reliable, and applicable, indicating the
extent to which conclusions drawn from the research are trustworthy and real-world
settings.
Validity is essential for evaluating the quality and integrity of a study and its
findings.
As a process, validation involves collecting and analyzing data to assess the
accuracy of an instrument.
TYPES OF VALIDITY
CONTENT VALIDITY
CONSTRUCT VALIDITY
CRITERION- RELATED VALIDITY
FACE VALIDITY
CONSTRUCT VALIDITY
Construct validity is about how well a test measures the concept it was designed to
evaluate.
Example : measure of any scale.
Does the test measure the concept that it’s intended to measure?
CONTENT VALIDITY
Content validity is concerned with scope of the content area to be measured.
It is applied in tests of knowledge measurement.
Judgement of the content validity may be subjective and based on previous
researchers and expert opinion about the adequacy, appropriateness and
completeness of the content of instrument.
Is the test fully representative of what it aims to measure?
CRITERION VALIDITY
Criterion validity (or criterion-related validity) evaluates how accurately a test
measures the outcome it was designed to measure. An outcome can be a disease,
behavior, or performance.
Concurrent validity measures tests and criterion variables in the present, while
predictive validity measures those in the future.
FACE VALIDITY
Face validity is about whether a test appears to measure what it's supposed to
measure.
This type of validity is concerned with whether a measure seems relevant and
appropriate for what it's assessing only on the surface.
TOOLS FOR VALIDITY
INTERNAL VALIDITY
Internal validity focuses on whether the observed effects in a study are due to the
independent variable and not confounding factors.
* Randomization
* Control Groups
* Blinding
* Matching
* Pre-test and Post-test Designs
TOOLS FOR EXTERNAL VALIDITY
Internal validity focuses on whether the observed effects in a study are due to the
independent variable and not confounding factors.
* Representative Sampling
* Ecological Validity Tests
* Field Studies
* Replication studies
TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCT VALIDITY
Construct validity evaluates whether a test or measure accurately reflects the
theoretical concept it aims to measure
• Operational Definitions
• Convergent and Divergent validity testing
• Factor Analysis
• Expert Review
• Pilot Testing
TOOLS FOR STATISTICAL CONCLUSION VALIDITY
Statistical conclusion validity assesses whether the conclusions about relationships or
differences between variables are supported by the data.
Power Analysis
Proper statistical tests
Assumption checks
Effect size calculations
Error Rate Control
GENERAL TOOLS FOR VALIDITY
Triangulation
Correlation Analysis
Reliability Testing
Sensitivity and specific Analysis
Systematic Reviews and meta- analyses
FACTORS AFFECTING VALIDITY
HISTORY
MATURATION
TESTING
INSTRUMENTATION
STATISTICAL REGRESSION
EXPERIMENTAL MORTALITY
SELECTION – MATURATION INTERACTION
EXPERIMENTAL TREATMENT DIFFUSION
THANK YOU