1.

Terminologies Mx: Intensive cardiopulmonary supportive care

Etiology - The cause, set of causes, or manner is the only treatment available for patients with
of causation of a disease or condition. symptomatic rabies.
Epidemiology - the branch of medicine which
deals with the incidence, distribution, and 3. Malaria
possible control of diseases and other factors - Malaria is a mosquito-borne disease
relating to health. caused by a Plasmodium parasite.
Incidence - the occurrence, rate, or frequency Plasmodium Ovale - 14 days
of a disease, crime, or something else Plasmodium Vivax - 30 days
undesirable. Plasmodium Malariae - 30 days
Prevalence - the proportion of a population Plasmodium Falciparum - 12 days
who have a specific characteristic in a given Mot: by the bite of an infected female
time period. Anopheles mosquito. transfusion of blood from
Endemic - regularly occurring within an area or infected people or use of contaminated
community. needles or syringes.
Epidemic - a widespread occurrence of an S/Sx: fever and flu-like illness, including
infectious disease in a community at a shaking chills, headache, muscle aches, and
particular time. tiredness. Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea may
Pandemic - a widespread occurrence of an also occur. Severe; anemia and jaundice
infectious disease over a whole country or the because of the loss of red blood cells.
world at a particular time. Dx: examining under the microscope a drop of
Sporadic - occurring at irregular intervals or the patient's blood
only in a few places; scattered or isolated. Tx: artemether-lumefantrine because of its fast
onset of action
2. Rabies Mx: Prevent infection. Reduce increase in and
- Rabies is a viral zoonotic disease that regain normal body temperature. Improve
causes progressive and fatal tissue perfusion.
inflammation of the brain and spinal
cord. 4. Dengue
- Airborne & Virus - break-bone fever is a viral infection that
Mot: Direct contact with saliva or brain/nervous spreads from mosquitoes to people.
system tissue from an infected animal. - It is more common in tropical and
S/Sx: flu, including weakness or discomfort, subtropical climates.
fever, or headache. There also may be Mot: bites of infected female mosquitoes.
discomfort, prickling, or an itching sensation at S/Sx: Belly pain, tenderness, Vomiting,
the site of the bite. Bleeding from the nose or gums, Vomiting
Dx: Saliva can be tested by virus isolation or blood, or blood in the stool, Feeling tired,
reverse transcription followed by polymerase restless, or irritable.
chain reaction (RT-PCR). Dx: Molecular tests look for genetic material
Tx: one dose of immune globulin and a series from the dengue virus in your blood sample
of shots of rabies vaccine over a 2-week and also PCR test.
period Tx: There is no specific treatment
Mx: Assessment of patients such as Mx: providing comfort measures to relieve
Evaluation of the patient's heart rate, symptoms, such as rest, and treating or
temperature, and blood pressure. preventing complications.

[Link] Pox 7. Measles

- a highly contagious disease caused by - an infectious viral disease causing fever
the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and a red rash on the skin, typically
Mot: directly touching the blisters, saliva or occurring in childhood.
mucus of an infected person. The virus can Mot: contact with infected nasal or throat
also be transmitted through the air by secretions (coughing or sneezing) or breathing
coughing and sneezing. the air that was breathed by someone with
S/Sx: a rash that turns into itchy, fluid-filled measles.
blisters that eventually turn into scabs. The S/Sx: high fever, cough, runny nose, and
rash may first show up on the chest, back, and watery eyes. Sign n symptoms appear 7-14
face, and then spread over the entire body. days and Rash may appear 3-5 days.
Dx: Laboratory testing of a sample of the Dx: based on the disease's characteristic rash
blister fluid to help confirm the diagnosis. A as well as a small, bluish-white spot on a
blood test can also be done to check for bright red background, Koplik's spot on the
immunity against chickenpox. inside lining of the cheek.
Tx: In otherwise healthy children, chickenpox Tx: there's no specific medical treatment for it.
often needs no medical treatment. Some Mx: keeping the patient's nails short,
children may be able to take a type of encouraging long pants and sleeves to prevent
medicine called an antihistamine to calm scratching, keeping skin moist with healthcare
itching. But for the most part, the disease just provider recommended lotions, and avoiding
needs to run its course. sunlight and heat.
Mx: supportive measures, antiviral therapy,
administration of varicella-zoster immune
globulin (VZIG), and management of
secondary bacterial infection.

6. German Measles
- Rubella is a contagious disease caused
by a virus.
Mot: direct contact with nasal or throat
secretions of infected individuals.
S/Sx: a low-grade fever, sore throat, and a
rash that starts on the face and spreads to the
rest of the body
Dx: Blood tests
Tx: You can bring down your child's fever and
ease aches with pain relievers like children's
acetaminophen or ibuprofen.