Chapter – 03

Matrices
➢ Matrix  x − y z   −1 4
6. If  =  , find the value of x +
 2 x − y w  0 5 
➢ MCQ [1 Marks] y. [Al 2014]

1. if 𝐴 = [𝑎𝑖𝑗 ] 𝑏𝑒 𝑎 3 × 3 matrix, where 𝑎𝑖𝑗 = 𝑖 −

 a + 4 3b   2a + 2 b + 2 
3𝑗, then which of the following is false? 7. If  =  , write the
 8 −6   8 a − 8b 
(a) 𝑎11 < 0 (b) 𝑎12 + 𝑎21 = −6 value of a – 2b. [Foreign 2014]
(c) 𝑎13 > 𝑎31 (d) 𝑎31 = 0 (2024)
 x. y 4  8 w
8. If  =  , write the value of
 z + 6 x + y  0 6 
VSA [1 Marks]
(x + y + z). [Delhi 2014C]
2. Construct a 2 x 2 matrix A = [aij], whose elements
are given by aij =| (i) − j |
2
[2020] ➢ Operations on Matrices

MCQ
3. Write the number of all possible matrices of
2 1
order 2 x 2 with each entry 1, 2 or 3. [Al 9. If 𝐴 = [ ], then the value of 𝐼 − 𝐴 + 𝐴2 −
−4 −2
2016] 𝐴3 + ⋯
−1 −1 3 1
(a) [ ] (b) [ ]
4. Write the element a23 of a 3 x 3 matrix A = [aij] 4 3 −4 −1
0 0 1 0
| i− j | (c) [ ] (d) [ ] (2024)
whose elements aij are given by aij = . 0 0 0 1
2
[Delhi 2015] 4 0
10. Given that [1 𝑥] [ ] = 0 the value of x is:
2 0
5. The elements aij of a 3 x 3 matrix are given by (a) -4 (b) -2 (c) 2 (d) 4 (2024)

1 𝑥 0 4 0
aij = | −3i+ j | . Write the value of element a32. 11. if 𝐴 = [ ] 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐵 = [ ], then value of 𝑥
3 1 1 −1 1
[Al 2014C] for which 𝐴2 = 𝐵 is

➢ Types of Matrices (a) −2

(b) 2
VSA [1 Marks] (c) 2 or-2
𝑎 𝑐 0 (d) 1 (2024)
5. if [𝑏 𝑑 0] is a scalar matrix, then the value
0 0 5 12. Find the matrix 𝐴2 where 𝐴 = [𝑎𝑖𝑗 ] is a 2 × 2
of 𝑎 + 2𝑏 + 3𝑐 + 4𝑑 is: matrix whose elements are given by 𝑎𝑖𝑗 =
(a) 0 (b) 5 (c) 10 (d) 25 (2024) maximum (1, 𝑗) −minimum (i, j):

6. If the sum of all elements of a 3 × 3 scalar 0 0 0 1

(a) [ ] (b) [ ]
matrix is 9, then the product of all its elements is; 0 0 1 0
(a) 0 (b) 9 (c) 27 (d) 729 (2024)
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 1 0 1 1 21. If A is a square matrix such that A2 = A, then
(c) [ ] (d) [ ] (2024)
0 1 1 1
cos 𝑥 − sin 𝑥 0 (l− A)3 + A is equal to [2020]
13. if 𝐹(𝑥) = [ sin 𝑥 cos 𝑥 0] and [𝐹(𝑥)]2 = (a) l (b) O
0 0 1 (c) l − A (d) l + A
𝐹(𝑘𝑥), then the value of k is : (2024)
3 
22. If A = [2 − 3 4], B =  2  , X = [1 2 3] and
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 0 (d) -2  
 2
1 0   x 0 2
14. If A =   , B= 2
 and A = B , then x
 2 1   1 1  Y = 3  , then AB + XY equals
equals [2023]  4 
(a) 1 (b) -1 [2020]
(c) 1 (d) 2 (a) [28] (b) [24]
(c) 28 (d) 24
1 1 1  x  6 
15. If 0 1 1  y  = 3  , then the value of (2x + y
VSA [1 Marks]
    
0 0 1  z   2 2
– z ) is [2023] 23. If A = [1 0 4] and B = 5  , find AB. [2021]
 
1   2  4 6 
16. If x   + y   =   , then [2023]
2 5  9  24. Find the order of the matrix A such that
(a) x = 1, y = 2 (b) x = 2, y = 1 [2021]
(c) x = 1, y = -1 (d) x = 3, y = 2  2 −1  −1 −8
1 
0  A = 1 −2
17. If A is a square matrix and A2 = A, then 
 −3 4  9 22 
(l+ A)2 − 3A is equal to [2023]
(a) l (b) A
1 −5  0 4
(c) 2A (d) 3l 25. If B =   and A + 2B =   , find the
 4 2 0 −3  −7 5 
18. If A =   , then (A− 2l)(A− 3l ) is equal to matrix A. [2021]
 −1 1 
[Term I, 2021 – 22]
1 0   −1 1 
(a) A (b) l 26. If A + B =   and A − 2 B =   , then
(c) 5l (d) O 1 1   0 −1
A = ___________. [2020]
19. If order of matrix A is 2 x 3, of matrix B is 3 x 2,
and of matrix C is 3 x 3, then which one of the 27. If A is a square matrix such that A = l , then find
2

following is not defined? [Term I, 2021 – 22] the simplified value of (A− l)3 + (A+ l)3 − 7A .
(a) C(A + B’) (b) C(A + B’)’
[NCERT Exemplar Delhi 2016]
(c) BAC (d) CB + A’
1 −1 1
 −1 0 −1 1 
20. If A = 1 −1 1 , then A5 − A4 − A3 + A2 is
  28. If [2 1 3]  −1 1 0  0  = A , then write
1 −1 1   
 0 1 1   −1
equal to [Term I, 2021 – 22]
the order of matrix A. [Foreign 2016]
(a) 2A (b) 3A
(c) 4A (d) O
29. Solve the following matrix equation for x:

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 [Delhi 2014]  2 −1 5 2  2 5
37. Let A =  , B =  , C = ,
 1 0 3 4  7 4  3 8
 x 1  =O
 −2 0  find a matrix D such that CD – AB = O.
[Delhi 2017]
3 4  1 y   7 0 
30. If 2  + =  , find (x – y). 38. Find matrix A such that [Al 2017]
5 x  0 1  10 5
[Delhi 2014]  2 −1  −1 −8
1
 0  A = 1
 −2 .
31. If A is a square matrix such that A2 = A, then write  −3 4  9 22 
the value of 7 A − (l+ A)3 , where l is an identity
matrix. [Al 2014] 2 0 1
39. If A =  2 1 3 , find A2 − 5 A + 4l and
 
x  1 −1 0 
32. If (2 x 4)   = O , find the positive value of x.
 −8  hence find a matrix such that
[Al 2014C]
A2 − 5 A + 4l + X = O .
[Delhi 2015]

SA I [2 Marks] 40. Three schools A, B and C organized a mela for

collecting funds for helping the rehabilitation of
 −3 2  1 0  food victims. They sold hand made fans, mats
33. If A =   and l =   , find scalar k
 1 −1 0 1  and plates from recycled material at a cost of Rs.
25, Rs.100 and Rs.50 each. The number of articles
so that A2 + l = kA . [2020]
sold are given below. [Delhi 2015]
Article/School A B C
34. For what value of x is
Hand – fans 40 25 35
1 2 0  0  Mats 50 40 50
1 2 1 2 0 1  2 = 0? [2020] Plates 20 30 40
1 0 2  x  Find the funds collected by each school separately
by selling the above articles. Also, find the total
35. Find a matrix A such that 2 A − 3B + 5C = O , funds collected for the purpose.
Write one value generated by the above situation.
 −2 2 0   2 0 −2
where B =   and C =  .
3 1 4  7 1 6  41. To promote the making of toilets for women, an
[Delhi 2019] organization tried to generate awareness
through (i) house calls (ii) letters and (iii)
SA II [3 Marks]
announcements.
1 2 3 The cost for each mode per attempt is given
36. If A =  3 −2 1 , then show that below:
  (i) Rs. 50 (ii) Rs. 20 (iii) Rs.40
 4 2 1
The number of attempts made in three villages X,
A3 − 23 A − 4Ol = O . [2023] Y and Z are given below:
(i) (ii) (iii)
LA I [4 Marks]
X 400 300 100
Y 300 250 75
Z 500 400 150

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 Find the total cost incurred by the organization tan 𝑥 1
46. If for the matrix 𝐴 = [ ] , 𝐴 + 𝐴′ =
for the three villages separately, using matrices. −1 tan 𝑥
𝜋
Write one value generated by the organization in 2√3 𝐼, then the value of 𝑥𝜖 [0, 2 ] is : (2024)
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
the society. [Al 2015] (a) 0 (b) 4 (c) 3 (d) 6
1 −1 a 1 
42. If A =   and B =  b −1 and
 2 −1   5 x
47. If A =   and A = AT , where AT is the
(A+ B)2 = A2 + B2 , then find the values of a  y 0
and b. [Foreign 2015] transpose of the matrix A, then [2023]
(a) x = 0, y = 5 (b) x = y
43. In a parliament election, a political party hired a (c) x + y = 5 (d) x = 5, y = 0
public relations firm to promote its candidates in
three ways – telephone, house calls and letters. 48. If a matrix A = [1 2 3], then the matrix AA’ (where
The cost per contact (in paise) is given in matrix A A’ is the transpose of A) is [2023]
as [Delhi 2015C] 1 0 0 
140  Telephone (a) 14 (b) 0 2 0 
 
A =  200 House call 0 0 3
150  Letters
1 2 3
The number of contacts of each type made in two (c)  2 3 1  (d) [14]
cities X and Y is given in matrix B as
 
 3 1 2 

49. If P is a 3 x 3 matrix such that P’ = 2P + l, where P’

Find the total amount spent by the party in the is the transpose of P, then
two cities. What should one consider before [Term I, 2021 – 22]
casting his/her vote – party’s promotional activity (a) P = l (b) P = −l
or their social activities? [Foreign 2015] (c) P = 2l (d) P = −2l

 1 2  x  cos  − sin  
50. If A =  and A + A ' = l , then the
44. If [2 x 3]     = O , find x. [Delhi
sin  cos  
 −3 0  3 
2015C] value of  is [Term I, 2021 – 22]
 
(a) (b)
45. A trust fund, Rs. 35,000 is to be invested in two 6 3
different types of bonds. The first bond pays 8% 3
(c)  (d)
interest per annum which will be given to 2
orphanage and second bond pays 10% interest
per annum which will be given to an N.G.O. VSA [1 Marks]
(Cancer Aid Society). Using matrix multiplication,
51. If A is a matrix of order 3 x 2, then the order of
determine how to divide Rs.35,000 among two
the matrix A’ is _________. [2020]
types of bonds if the trust fund obtains an annual
total interest of Rs. 3200. What are the values
reflected in this question? [Al 2015C]
➢ Symmetric and Skew Symmetric Matrices
➢ Transpose of a Matrix VSA [1 Marks]
MCQ 52. Assertion (A): For any symmetric matrix A, 𝐵′𝐴𝐵
is a skew-symmetric matrix.

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 Reason (R) : A square matrix P is skew-symmetric 0 6 − 5x
60. If the matrix 
x + 3 
if 𝑃 = −𝑃. 2
is symmetric, find the
x
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and
value of x. [2021]
Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the
Assertion (A).
1 5 
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but 61. For the matrix A =   , verify that
Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the 6 7 
Assertion (A). [2020C]
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false. (i) (A+ A') is a symmetric matrix.
(d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) (ii) (A− A') is a skew – symmetric matrix.
is true. (2024)
62. If A and B are symmetric matrices, such that AB
53. A square matrix A is said to be symmetric, if and BA are both defined, then prove that AB – BA
_________. [2020] is a skew symmetric matrix. [Al 2019]
54. Given a skew – symmetric matrix
 0 a 1 63. Show that all the diagonal elements of a skew
A =  −1 b 1  , the value of (a + b+ c)2 is symmetric matrix are zero. [Delhi
 −1 c 0  2017]
________. [2020]
➢ Invertible Matrices
0 a −3
55. If the matrix A =  2 0 −1 is skew MCQ
 
b 1 0 
64. If for a square matrix A, A2 − A + l = O , then A-1
symmetric, find the values of ‘a’ and ‘b’. [2018] equals [2023]
(a) A (b) A + l
 0 2b −2 (c) l − A (d) A − l
56. Matrix A =  3 1 3  is given to be
 SA II [3 Marks]
3a 3 −1
symmetric, find values of a and b. 1 3 2 
[Delhi 2016] 65. If A =  2 0 −1 , then show that
 
1 2 3 
 3 5
57. If A =   is written as A = P + Q , where P A3 − 4 A2 − 3 A + 11l = O . Hence find A-1.
7 9  [2020]
is a symmetric matrix and Q is a skew symmetric ➢ Types of Matrices
matrix, then write the matrix P.
[Foreign 2016] MCQ
 2 4 −6 
66. If A = [a ij ] is a skew – symmetric matrix of order
58. Express the matrix A = 7 3 5  as the sum
 n, then [2022 – 23]
1 −2 4 
1
of a symmetric and a skew symmetric matrix. (a) aij = i, j (b) aij  0  i, j
a ji
[Al 2015C]
(c) aij = 0 , where i = j
59. Write a 2  2 matrix which is both symmetric and (d) aij  0 where i = j
skew symmetric. [Delhi 2014C]

SA I [2 Marks]
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  2a + b a − 2b   4 −3 (d) 3 +  2 +  = 0
67. If  =  , then value of
5c − d 4c + 3d  11 24 
VSA [1 Marks]
a + b – c + 2d is [Term I, 2021 – 22]
(a) 8 (b) 10 73. If A and B are matrices of order 3 x n and m x 5
(c) 4 (d) -8 respectively, then find the order of matrix 5A –
3B, given that it is defined. [2020 – 21]
68. Given that matrices A and B are of order 3 x n
and m x 5 respectively, then the order of matrix C 74. Given that A is a square matrix of order 3 x 3 and
= 5A + 3B is [Term I, 2021 – 22] | A |= −4 . Find |adj A|.
(a) 3 x 5 and m = n (b) 3 x 5 [2020 – 21]
(c) 3 x 3 (d) 5 x 5 ➢ Invertible Matrices

➢ Operations on Matrices MCQ

MCQ 75. If A, B are non – singular square matrices of the

same order, then (AB−1 )−1 =
69. If A = [a ij ] is a square matrix of order 2 such that
[2022 – 23]
1, when i  j (a) A−1 B (b) A−1 B −1
aij =  , then A2 is
 0, when i = j (c) BA−1 (d) AB
[Term I, 2021 – 22]
1 −1 0   2 2 −4
1 0  1 1 76. If A = 2 3 4 and B =  −4 2 −4  ,
 
(b)     
0 
(a)  
1 0  0 0 1 2   2 −1 5 
1 1  1 0 then [Term I, 2021 – 22]
(d) 
1 
(c)  
1 0  0 −1
(a) A = B (b) A−1 = 6B
−1 1
(c) B −1 = B (d) B = A
0 2   0 3a  6
70. If A =   and kA =   , then the
 3 −4   2b 24 
SA I [1 Marks]
values of k, a and b respectively are
[Term I, 2021 – 22]  3 1
77. If A =   , show that A − 5 A + 7I = O .
2
(a) -6, -12, -18 (b) -6, -4, -9
 −1 2 
(c) -6, 4, 9 (d) -6, 12, 18
Hence find A-1. [2020 – 21]
71. If A is square matrix such that A2 = A, then
(l+ A)3 − 7A is equal to
[Term I, 2021 – 22]
(a) A (b) l + A
(c) l – A (d) l

  
72. Given that A =  and A = 3l , the
2

 − 
[Term I, 2021 – 22]
(a) 1 +  2 +  = 0
(b) 1 −  2 −  = 0
(c) 3 −  2 −  = 0

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