Course name: Research and Analysis Skills Course code: MNU 101
Topic: Research Design
Prepared by
Dr. Asmaa Ibrahem
Contact: hyn_asmaa@[Link]
Research Design
Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOS):
• At the end of this lecture, each student will be
able to:
• Identification of a research design
• Identify Components of research design
• Enumerate Characteristics of good research
design
Research Design
A research design is a framework or blueprint for
conducting the research project"." A research
design is a blueprint for conducting the study that
maximizes control over factor that could interfere
with the validity of findings".
The validity of a research study
It refers to the accuracy of a measure (whether the
results really do represent what they are supposed
to measure). refers to how well the results among
the study participants represent true findings
among similar individuals outside the study.
Types of validity
• Internal validity is defined as the extent to which
the observed results represent the truth in the
population we are studying and, thus, are not
due to methodological errors.
Types of validity
• External validity refers to the extent to which the
results of a study are generalizable to patients in
our daily practice, especially for the population
that the sample is thought to represent.
Reliability
Reliability refers to the consistency of a measure
(whether the results can be reproduced under the
same conditions).
Pilot Study
Pilot Study; This is small-scale in which the
researcher tests the methods that will be used for
the research project. Also, researcher will use the
results to guide the methodology of your large-
scale investigation. Pilot studies should be
performed for both qualitative and quantitative
studies.
Components of research design
1. Design the exploratory, descriptive
2. Define the information needed.
3. Specify the measurement and scaling
procedures.
4. Construct and pretest a questionnaire or an
appropriate form for data collection.
5. Specify the sampling process and sampling
size.
6. Develop a plan of data analysis.
Characteristics of good research design
1. Appropriate for the research question: The research design should be
appropriate for the questions being asked.
2. Free from bias: A good research design will collect and store data which is not
biased.
3. Precise: Precise refers to the appropriateness and accuracy of the statistical
procedures used to analyze data.
Classification of research design
1- Quantitative research design:
Quantitative research involves analysis of
numerical data.
2- Qualitative research design: Qualitative
research design involves analysis of data
such as words (e.g. from interviews), pictures
(e.g. video), or objects.
Question
• Which of the following is research involves
analysis of numerical data.?
A. Qualitative data
B. Knowledge
C. Skills
D. Quantitative data
Reference
• Wood, G. L, and Haber, J (2018). Nursing
Research Methods and Critical Appraisal for
Evidence-Based Practice.9th ed. China, Elsevier
Co.
2. Gerrish, K. and Lathlean, J (2015). The
Research Processin Nursing. 7th ed. USA, Wiley-
Blackwell