1. Program for polymorphism.
class Animal {
void sound() {
[Link]("The animal makes a sound");
class Dog extends Animal {
@Override
void sound() {
[Link]("The dog barks");
class Cat extends Animal {
@Override
void sound() {
[Link]("The cat meows");
public class Polymorphism {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Animal[] animals = new Animal[3];
animals[0] = new Dog();
animals[1] = new Cat();
animals[2] = new Animal();
for (Animal animal : animals) {
[Link]();
}
2. Inheritance(4 types)
Use this and super keyword
class Animal {
void eat() {
[Link]("Eating...");
class Dog extends Animal {
void bark() {
[Link]("Barking...");
class BabyDog extends Dog {
void weep() {
[Link]("Weeping...");
public class Inheritance {
public static void main(String[] args) {
BabyDog bd = new BabyDog();
[Link]();
[Link]();
[Link]();
[Link]();
[Link]();
((Dog)bd).bark();
((Animal)bd).eat();
class Animal {
Animal() {
[Link]("Animal constructor");
class Dog extends Animal {
Dog() {
super();
[Link]("Dog constructor");
public class Inheritance {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Dog d = new Dog();
}
class Animal {
void display() {
[Link]("Animal class");
class Dog extends Animal {
void display() {
[Link]();
[Link]("Dog class");
public class Inheritance {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Dog d = new Dog();
[Link]();
class Animal {
void eat() {
[Link]("Animal eats");
}
class Dog extends Animal {
void eat() {
[Link]();
[Link]("Dog eats");
public class Inheritance {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Dog d = new Dog();
[Link]();
3. Encapsulation
class Employee {
private int id;
private String name;
private double salary;
public Employee(int id, String name, double salary) {
(link unavailable) = id;
[Link] = name;
[Link] = salary;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
(link unavailable) = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
[Link] = name;
}
public double getSalary() {
return salary;
}
public void setSalary(double salary) {
[Link] = salary;
}
}
public class Encapsulation {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Employee e = new Employee(1, "John", 50000);
[Link]([Link]());
[Link]([Link]());
[Link]([Link]());
[Link](2);
[Link]("Jane");
[Link](60000);
[Link]([Link]());
[Link]([Link]());
[Link]([Link]());
}
}
interface Printable {
void print();
}
interface Showable {
void show();
}
class A implements Printable, Showable {
public void print() {
[Link]("Printing from A");
}
public void show() {
[Link]("Showing from A");
}
}
4. Interface
public class Interface {
public static void main(String[] args) {
A a = new A();
[Link]();
[Link]();
}
}
interface Shape {
void area();
}
class Circle implements Shape {
private double radius;
public Circle(double radius) {
[Link] = radius;
}
public void area() {
[Link]("Area of circle: " + 3.14 * radius * radius);
}
}
class Rectangle implements Shape {
private double length;
private double width;
public Rectangle(double length, double width) {
[Link] = length;
[Link] = width;
}
public void area() {
[Link]("Area of rectangle: " + length * width);
}
}
public class Interface {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Shape circle = new Circle(5);
Shape rectangle = new Rectangle(4, 5);
[Link]();
[Link]();
}
}
5. Exception handling
public class ExceptionHandling {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
int a = 10/0;
} catch(ArithmeticException e) {
[Link]("Cannot divide by zero");
}
try {
int[] arr = new int[5];
[Link](arr[10]);
} catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
[Link]("Array index out of bounds");
}
try {
String str = null;
[Link]([Link]());
} catch(NullPointerException e) {
[Link]("String is null");
}
try {
int num = [Link]("abc");
} catch(NumberFormatException e) {
[Link]("Invalid number format");
}
}
}
public class ExceptionHandling {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
throw new Exception("Custom exception");
} catch(Exception e) {
[Link]([Link]());
}
}
}
public class ExceptionHandling {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
method1();
} catch(Exception e) {
[Link]("Caught in main");
}
}
public static void method1() throws Exception {
try {
method2();
} catch(Exception e) {
[Link]("Caught in method1");
throw e;
}
}
public static void method2() throws Exception {
throw new Exception("Exception from method2");
}
}
6. ArrayList Program:
import [Link];
public class ArrayListProgram {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
[Link]("Apple");
[Link]("Banana");
[Link]("Cherry");
[Link](list);
[Link](1);
[Link](list);
[Link](0, "Date");
[Link](list);
[Link]([Link]("Cherry"));
[Link]([Link]());
}
}
HashSet Program:
import [Link];
public class HashSetProgram {
public static void main(String[] args) {
HashSet<String> set = new HashSet<>();
[Link]("Apple");
[Link]("Banana");
[Link]("Cherry");
[Link](set);
[Link]("Banana");
[Link](set);
[Link]([Link]("Cherry"));
[Link]([Link]());
}
}
ArrayList and HashSet Program:
import [Link];
import [Link];
public class ArrayListHashSetProgram {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
[Link]("Apple");
[Link]("Banana");
[Link]("Cherry");
HashSet<String> set = new HashSet<>(list);
[Link](set);
[Link]();
[Link](list);
[Link](set);
}
}