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WAVE PROPAGATION
IW IDEAL L/NES
JHE CP-LINE MODEL.
© José R. Marti, 1994-2004 4. WAVE PROPAGATION IN IDEAL LIES.
bex ok AGE a
iz it = Can Ve
© Be Rtha, b= Yu, G= Fo, C= Fh [ae
UY -Vy = (pense ~ (any 2 y bal
fo- Cy = — Gbx)V~ Coax 3 , Us t,
! )z¢ i
Ax —dx
—~w _ ac li é.
By = RE +l Se Me equation
ae or Coudtart ai
ean =GU4+cl R4,¢
at 7c
Sone valued for power Cimas:
F Le du/ew
(L. eel R=RW), L= LW) Ce 40MF/ku Ll
G = swell, C= Covrteut RY 0.04 R/ta (60)
Rex 0, BA/ku (oHs)
jor overhead Freansmulssion keues )
—4- . ©dosé R Marti, 1994-2004 2. IDEAL LINE WITH Np LOSSES
Assume RB=0, G=0, L = cordtud, C= tashaut
—2¢. Lae Scuce flare 4 no clbaupiug , By
“s teady- wave " ‘eifo:
2 =c#
OK ~~ 3¢ V=zZ1
~ 2 Se =U 2E Dividing |
~ 2.20% L
pare Tee
Y,
=e a ZZ at ay past x
_- ~The
. "te lagerta a travel clon te Lye
- Shape of tl ge ewe «dal Hape F
© José R. Marti, 1994-2004 Velocit Propagation
From the Vollage ols equation,
ve he Cele ; Yel, UaBela
Zh
Haketug izes “fale -(5-4 ») 2 oF
L4)-& 4) = Lax @)-UG-at)
Ze *t
(t) = a amd.
He wav
ya eat ites ey lt
Vebu f
e-fe (zz Hon
of
i, (t-at)- mito
» az
Proparakon
“SE
“at
© Forediugle Conduct above coleal grtuud Qt 300 Ku/us
2.
pent Arlt ) aud Z. ~
© Formort- (urpre teh cable Qi lio tufus onl Z= SOR,
quediune (ve i) f= ae
Tapyald
& 900 kin (ws
© José R. Marti, 1994-2004
oe Du mom- “4 a dipasioe
Ae peru
= perué ete
a= 7 VRE
4S = 08 Ys
Ge= GUOT 8.5410 z aie 4 Direction of Gurrest Flow
“ oS vt
Ux=Uf+Ubx
ry, mae
if-Z tbs oy
f th apa > ee ‘i
Sf Ut ts uesahve = (b Cd
ee
ine
U lbx <0
(on 1 3e = floug to the
Refit Sele
x
(ben
set Ibx >o
Beer cex ag eee
x
Note Het gown Ke lb travel to
the left bx flat t the ry7ht |
oe Haat we an aft!)
_ © José R. Marti, 1994-2004 — Termmated in R= Ze
ut ™m
a Ds oe tsees" Fe as del weve col te
When if oy ne, ot Ake Euagy G2:
deed Ze. (it hssipalet Cm
p+ %)
TZ
pact rough anhke ty
See
Step volhge uth "fe"
Ub=-UF
be ew
Ze ai cf
ln = (fu tibu =2tf = RE
Cc
ee © José R. Marti, 1994-2004 Line Terminated in R#Zc
Uaioe
=™
of Vu ERR
a? ie bat aad => ew waves - Ve Lb
ty, are geuerntek
VE+ 0b
Tu frit =
wih fue ) (hu-@ 3 fre = ES euf- EF vb
Ub = (_F-#e_ ze Uf =
rt ¥e eee) Re Re flechan
lo=- & = if Coefficcen
R>Ze (eg., pen citait) => bes
Réze (4, shot cirot) =>
Ua = fsb =(/+p)Ul =2 eg
—-R-— © José R. Marti, 1994-2004 ELEMENTARY WAVES (Sumuauy )
lates Teer Ufz Be tf
7 Pet te Ub --F CL '
wi |
SE EEaaaga haem easame |
Try eu ZZZZZZIETEZIZEIZZ
COIL OCS OOOO OOCOSS CAN
Wve
PLLIL DVL LUE LESS
Zee Ze
Lt ee
ee ee
PLLLLL 10 2 UF LOT LL, bo
vb ES
Z
LLIT ZITO PTL COAT jz
© José R. Marti, 1994-2004 L ine- Cable Energigation
D fe OZ eh Oe Vm Z,=5002n mM
S
. es 7 vb, oe tee |
Wheu Uf; reaches ji F sees an Cupedamce gual bo Zz (ase then 4)
Ub, =(Ze Self, = (S208! f= 0.82E
The voltage applied to ths due 4
Ufe = (140.32)E = + 82ZE
bY Mn U4 pen, after VL amive : LA euerge'
Vy = 2X 1-82E =|8.6¢E ( jh cde
Not just twice bt ahmast four howe [ (lw 2)
i & ule
* A ae ‘be 4 ewpge fs a at he jase fe x
-—40- © José R. Marti, 1994-2004 L ime -Cable Enerpigation (cont: )
\ Z =50L m Z=S0n. “<1u
K es
|e i: e|/-—
Ue t
ogze
When Of, reached Mn, tt deed an Cupedance equal bo Z,
Ube =(GB i= (EBM = 0.828
The volbse ‘ed tu the cable (4
HY Uf, = (/-0.92)E = O./FE
ku per after VA, amivea: 2 rod
euergl7e
Ur= 2x 0l¥E =|0.36E\ en oat
ap veu bess fhou vated f (Mit 2 sit )
= kos © José R. Marti, 1994-2004 Lightning Discharges ath
yas
\t
: el
Ue x (fs 2skA bse R
2 Be. a kA (soni itt eg
Cif. = , Io = Tables ) 4) 4
i= 25kA => Uf 25107 2000 =50 MV
— 5/2 -2000 =
P= = fabasoe = — 06.779 04 = Uf = (i- 0.748) SOW =I / HV. |
Lcgletnuin Chanel :
Ze © /0002 fo $000 2
-|2- © José R. Marti, 1994-2004 Theventu Wave
Aoth ie 2%
{
t @ %[ @
-_—— =~
Za k —
t
ls OLY
oo
Cry = V open-circuit af kK = = vai tk with Lives @) avd@
= 20 rhe aadt commected
Zra = Gupeck " Qookeug" cuty & with Grut vl ©
7 Lapetene Motig' Oh Sant © *
Comechus(® aud @ to the Meverniu:
7 Zfe_ = 4, 250 -
Uz = 2 fox ee = 2x SOM 52S HL MV
au before |
—|3- © José R. Marti, 1994-2004 -
Lo _
of Hy ® 27
7 PHD FF ef
Zw = a before = Ze,
Us = D shet-cnut at k = cuwed at K wt K skated arch
4ived ©) ard @ vot couuected .
= £ fy
Ju Hla Fxauple -
24 = Zo ix TabGu | Tatenpe fe a
Stwe 2c; = L000 ov to, if 4 norually usslected compare
f Ze of ta Biues, and circuit c4 bsually reduced Yo:
K
@ Vr % Tox ze
= = soKan2son= /25HV
SP rt wre HIM taking Ovte
Usual EnrP Model geet Be, = 200 Kap He
Lishfusug chauneLy).., R. Marti, 1994-2004
72 peat
|. CONSTAN T-PARAMETERS' LINE MODEL
lot)
‘ Pos “— Bosed ou Celéal Lue :
a R=0,G70; LC coustaxt
X=0 x xh
Generak Solution
VaUfeve — or Vlut) = Ufixt) + Velxt) }
Calfrle oo LG) = Uf Ot) +66 Ot)
Uf = Ze of Ze = VE Character'ske impedance is
uw HZ lb ae j& velocity f Ppyske ee
AV a cuuchion shiftug ou rons Y uuu Gs ae
fo ee ce
VOt)= Uf (wat )+ Ub Oxrat) a neice
fests ey |e bd =Z UF nat) J Vo(xrat) IF4F
Ok
P x a os = fa) —
eee een i 1994-2004
(Assmuug oe 2. EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT FOR EMTP
Siuple t rick | Combine U+2cl
ps vf xv po ives FA Ub Coste vole
>Ulyt) + Be (Out) =2 Uf (x-at ) ~—
Ko Fw Rel MerUrel 1m “PERTURBATION WAVE *. Tt
pore no reflection r garde of
ee ee termenak Ou,
Suppose starts at- & (x=0) at Ame ty: joe
Vp (ta) + Zale (t os hes et
4 clk = 2Uf Cat, ) na
Lt awives af (x=0) at hue fe= hte =F Ym
Vu (4) +t) + Zl (tj 42) = 2 Uf (2 -alt,+e))
= 2ufCat,)
That ¢s, wih t+2@=T,
th (t) + Bele (4) = Uslt-b)* Be let)
cued
Present values h ‘stony
-/6— © José R. Marti, 1994-2004 ivabeat Cireutt at Line Ends
dcrecho ,
Lg (é) (t) lw ey revered ww
Ze
Bit * crest
Cgutetest eee) = Gat b(t) tes
p(t) =Uulter)+Zlult-z) Suh lt) = Uelt-e) +Fele(t-e)
© Crreutt have some fru od for “4 fc
« Nodes k ond mi are clecoupled
° No integration rule was usec
© Exact except for teuncakonu enord
_ 17 = © José R. Marti, 1994-2004 Interpolation Errors
~S Kl k Un eM
U t Z=[Link] {Um
At=0.02us
at t= 0/b6us
Cuk(t) = Ug(t-2) +2. be (t-2)
Ouk (0.16) = Ve (0.16-0./0) +2. le (0.16-0.10)
= (0.06 ) +A le (0.06 > Exact Sobution /
ton Tabee }
At = = >” integer => Exact Salukion
2, te Most cases mot pasctle wake
At submuthyole F ah &4,
zy
© José R. Marti, 1994-2004
~/8- Interpolation Errors (cout)
te | Um lms --:
~
SN Krolk lu _N-* Yk
4, C=[Link] UV; -2 = a
kf Eratems [Ym r1B98/ = i
4t =0.03-ms i S
Qt £=o0./8& ms ad :
Cub (ty =Ve(t-e)t Fle te) f
S Wo - —,
uk (0.13) = Ux (0.18-0.10) + Ze ly (0.18-0- 10) fi J es
war = y
=Ui(0.08)+ Zk (008) Tnterpolate”
\ Kat: tm Teable a
Emo Grferium :
lg '
At < Ltt i $ Yad
to maimiwcge interpolation ewors
—-/G- © José R. Marti, 1994-2004 3. CP-LINE MODEL
\ Rely tdleat Rt/2 coleak RY
Lle. /2
Pi = Rede Ku
Khe.
- Losses are Cunupecl aud spt inty Hiree parts. e Hee,
© “Reasonable approuimation of RE < ze seh 7
og sie, 4 fr 500k coucdkhou Pt < =
e Fox (pi
fateh eS 5 ee Cute fro).
. 2 actual a smnoucterd ave ueugy dependeut
ond Bia diskebuted. Prequergy dep
© José R. Marti, 1994-2004
—2O- ———— eae