Brickwork and Blockwork
20
22
at least
225mm
dpcs clear of cavity
dpc laps dpm
slight
projection
batten keeps
cavity clear of
mortar droppings
wall tie should be
level or sloping to
the outside
outside inside
wall tie built at least 50mm
into each leaf
drip of wall tie placed
centrally in cavity
Cavity width between Maximum spacing (mm)
masonry faces (mm) Horizontally Vertically
50 to 75 900 450
76 to 100 750 450
50 to 100
(At jamb openings, within 150 300 or each
movement joints, etc) of opening block course
At openings and movement joints, wall ties should be spaced at maximum
300mm centres vertically even if this means cutting cavity insulation to insert
the tie. Doubling the number of wall ties at 450mm or 600mm centres vertically
is not an acceptable alternative.
additional ties additional ties
at movement joint at openings
150mm
450mm
900mm or
750mm
Note: fill
Problems to avoid:
10
N o t e : do not
overdose; "more
is not better"
- do not use
unauthorised
additives such as
washing up liquid.
Thermal insulation
Problems to avoid:
insulation cut to avoid leaving
uninsulated gaps
lintel
reveal
blocks
ensure that horizontal joints in partial cavity fill
boards (partial cavity fill)
board keeps
top edge of
insulation and
cavity clear of
mortar droppings
Openings
- a profile/template (frame fitted later)
frames should
not be distorted
sealant
25 mm 25 mm
sealant
NORMAL EXPOSURE VERY SEVERE EXPOSURE
12mm rebate
(excluding thickness
of any render)
sealant
'rebated' or
'check1 reveal
25 mm in areas of Very
severe exposure
sealant
insulation vertical
dpc
bay windows
adequately supported
Minimum bearing length (mm)
Simple lintel lintel combined
Span(m) with cavity tray
up to 1.2 100 150
over 1.2 150 150
overhang not overhang not
more than more than 25mm
25mm
lintel toe projects
beyond window head
at least 100mm
at least
rise in cavity
140mm total
tray from front
rise in
of cavity
cavity tray
dpc oversails lintel to protect groove in window head prevents
timber door and window heads rain penetration
N o t e : Provide a cavity tray where a combined lintel does not have a
suitable profile or durability and give complete protection to the top of the
reveal and any vertical dpc. In Scotland, Northern Ireland, the Isle of Man
and areas of severe or very severe exposure to driving rain, provide
separate damp-proof protection over all lintels.
stop end
at least 2 weep holes per
opening, not more than
450mm apart
combined lintel projects at least 25mm beyond the
outer face of cavity closure
preformed
stepped
cavity trays
at least
85mm
Problems to avoid:
sill
1/2
3/4 3/4
1/2
3/4 3/4
brick bond set out at base of wall
so that cut bricks occur below openings
different masonry types used to adjust coursing
incorrect use of different masonry types
bond where blocks are of the
same type
Material Joint width(mm) Normal spacing
Clay brick 16 12m (15m maximum)
Calcium silicate brick 10 7.5 to 9m
Concrete block and brick 10 6m
Any masonry in a parpet wall 10 half the above spacings
and 1.5m from corners
(double the freguency)
The spacing of the first movement joint from a return should not be more
than half of the above dimension
additional ties at movement joint additional ties at openings
easily compressible filler
sealant
separating wall taken through and tied to
inner leaf
dense block
separating wall
lightweight block
inner leaf
firestop between
battens above
underlay
firestop below
underlay
thin board as
cavity closer
to avoid cold
cavity bridge
cavity barrier of
mineral wool or fire- barrier in
resisting board in separating wall
boxed eaves
Problems to avoid:
Problem to avoid:
protection of sand,
aggregates and cement
protection of bricks and blocks
2°C
0°C
cover weighted down
cover provides a
still air space to
insulate the wall
from frost
Problems to avoid:
direction of
shrinkage
gap to
allow for
shrinkage
sealant between
window sill and
subsill
direction of
shrinkage
dpc
flexible
sealant at
Other
n ground floor
Location construction
breather membrane
lapped over dpc tray
dpc
dpc
Notes