(ASSIGNMENT # 02 SEMESTER FALL- 2019)

Submission Date (October 22, 2019)

BY

MUHAMMAD HUZAIFA
ROLL # 19013122-011

Course Title: MATHS

Course Code: 107

BSc. Electrical Engineering

Submitted To:

MAM AIMEN ZUBAIR

Department of BSc. Engineering

UNIVERSITY OF GUJRAT

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 RULES FOR DERIVATION
Introduction:
 Basic Definition:
“Rate of change of a function with respect to a variable is known as derivate.”
 Formal definition:

Let f(x) be a function whose domain contains an open interval about some point x0.
Then the function f(x) is said to be differentiable at x0, and the derivative of f(x) at x0 is as :

Example:

Derivative of f(x) = x3 is as follows

3
dy d x 2
= =3 x
dx dx

RULES FOR SOLVING DERIVATIVE

Derivations of different problems are being solved by different rules some of them are as
follows;

1. Power rule
2. Product rule
3. Chain rule
4. Multiple rule
5. Sum rule
6. Quotient rule

1. Power rule:
The derivative of a power function, f(x) = xn. Here n is a number of any kinds:
integer, rational, positive, negative, even irrational, as in xπ. The formula is given as follows:

dy n n−1
x =x
dx

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The easiest, and most common, is the case that n is a positive integer. To compute the
derivative we need to compute the following limit:

n n
(x+ Δx) −x
. dy x n=lim ¿∆ x →0 ¿
dx Δx

Where “n” could be any positive integer.

PROOF:

For this proof we’ll again need to restrict n to be a positive integer. In this case if we
define f(x)=xn we know from the alternate limit form of the definition of the derivative that
the derivative f′(a)f′(a) is given by

Now we have the following formula,

If we plug this into the formula for the derivative, we see that we can cancel the x−a and then
compute the limit.

To completely finish this off we simply replace the a with an x to get,

 Example: Derivative of f(x) = x3 is as follows

3
dy d x 2
= =3 x
dx dx

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2. Product rule:
The product for derivation can be defined as follows:

d {¿ ¿

=f(x)g′(x) + f′(x)g(x)

In simple words:

The product rule: if y = u.y then

Dy/ dx = u dv dx + v du dx

PROOF:
First write call the product y and take the log of both sides and use a property of logarithms
on the right side.

Next, we take the derivative of both sides and solve for y′

Finally, all we need to do is plug in for y and then multiply this through the parenthesis and
we get the Product Rule.

Example: f ( x )=x 2 √ 625−x 2

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−3 x +1250 x
f ' (x)=
√625−x 2

3. Chain rule:
The chain rule states that the derivative of f(g(x)) is f'(g(x))g'(x).

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If is a differentiable function of u and is a differentiable function of x, then is a differentiable
function of x and

 Example:
Sin(x²) is a composite function because it can be constructed as f(g(x)) for
f(x)=sin(x) and g(x)=x². Using the chain rule and the derivatives of sin(x) and x², we
can then find the derivative of sin(x²).

' ' 1 −x
Also: f ( g ( x ) ) g ( x )= (−2 x )=
12 √ 625−x 2
√ 625−x 2
4. Constant Rule:
The multiple rule states that the derivative of any constant times any function
is equal to the constant times the derivative of the function.

dc d
f ( x )=c [f ( x ) ]
dx dx

d
 Example: ( 3 x 5 )=15 x 4
dx

PROOF:
This is very easy to prove using the definition of the derivative so define f(x)=cf(x)=c and
the use the definition of the derivative.

5. Sum Rule:
The sum rule for derivatives states that the derivative of a sum is equal to
the sum of the derivatives.

d d d
dx
[ f ( x ) + g ( x ) ] = f ( x ) + g (x)
dx dx

d
 Example: [ 2 x2 +3 x ]=4 x+ 3
dx

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 PROOF:
This is easy enough to prove using the definition of the derivative. We’ll start with the
sum of two functions. First plug the sum into the definition of the derivative and rewrite
the numerator a little.

Now, break up the fraction into two pieces and recall that the limit of a sum is the sum of
the limits. Using this fact, we see that we end up with the definition of the derivative for
each of the two functions

6. Quotient rule:
The formula states that to find the derivative of f(x) divided by g(x), you must
take g(x) times the derivative of f(x). Then from that product, you must
subtract the product of f(x) times the derivative of g(x).

'
d f (x ) f ( x ) g ( x )−f ( x ) g ' (x)
=
dx g (x) g(x)2

d 1 2x 2
Example: = =
dx x x 2 x

PROOF:
Now let’s do the proof using Logarithmic Differentiation. We’ll first call the quotient y, take
the log of both sides and use a property of logs on the right side.

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Next, we take the derivative of both sides and solve for y′y′.

Next, plug in y and do some simplification to get the quotient rule.

REFERENCES:

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