WELCOME
TO OUR
ENGLISH CLASS
CHECKING OF
ATTENDANCE
• Listen carefully when the
teacher is discussing the
lesson
• Be attentive and participative
throughout the classroom
discussion.
• Be respectful
Drill/ Short recap/discusion about the
Review
factors that contribute to the success
or limitations in critiquing.
➢ Explain the main concepts and principles of the
Structuralist/Formalist approach, including its focus
Learning on form, structure and language.
Objectives:
➢ Appreciate the overall artistic value of the
structure and elements in critiquing literary
selection by recognizing its ability to reveal the
underlying meanings and patterns in the text and
enhance their enjoyment and appreciation of
literature.
➢ Apply the structuralist/Formalist approach to a
literary selection by identifying and analyzing its
key structural elements and devices, such as plot,
character, setting, and theme.
ACTIVITY
[Link] refers to the person in a work of fiction and the
characteristics of a person? HACRACTER
ANS. CHARACTER
2. Refers to place, time,weather condition, social condition,
and even mood or atmosphere? TESNGIT
ANS. SETTING
3. It is the sequence of events in a story or play? TLPO
ANS. PLOT
[Link] is the introduction of the story? EPOXTISONI
ANS. EXPOSITION
5. Events in the story become complicated; the
conflict is revealed? SIRNGI TINOCA
ANS. RISING ACTION
6. The most intense and exciting part in the
development of a story? MIXCLA
ANS. CLIMAX
7. This is when the main problem of the story begin to
resolve? LINGFAL TINOCA
ANS. FALLING ACTION
8. This is the final outcome or untangling events in the
story? TINOEROSLU
ANS. RESOLUTION
9. It is the opposition of forces which ties one incident to
another and makes the plot move? NOCLIFTC
ANS. CONFLICT
10. It is the central topic, subject, or message within a
narrative text? METEH
ANS. THEME
1. What have you observed from our activity?
2. How do the various elements of a short
story, such as plot, setting, character and
theme, work together to create a unified and
impactful narrative?
Discussion
What is literature?
greek word “LITTERA”
‘letters’ and used to describe
referring to a written and
written , a body of sometimes spoken
writing material
LITERARY APPROACHES
it is the body of ideas and methods we used
in the practical reading of literature.
➢structuralist/formalist
➢moralist
➢marxist
➢historical
➢reader’s response
Literary Elements
it refers to
components of a
literary work.
These are technical
terms for the
“what “of a work.
Structuralist/Formalist Approach
❖examines structures, such
structuralism as characterization or plot
❖used to develop general
conclusion
Structuralist/Formalist Approach
❖as the name implies, deals
Formalism with the form of the text
❖it examines literary elements
suh as plot,setting,
characterization, theme, point
of view and style
Structuralist/Formalist Approach
Focuses on: text itself, literary forms
and structures
Short story: Literary elements
Poem: Literary Devices
Major Literary terms of Structuralist/Formalist
Criticism
1. PLOT
It is a sequence
of events in a
story or play
▪ Exposition - “Introduction” or beginning of
the story; characters, background and setting
revealed.
▪ Rising Action - where events in the story
become complicated; the conflict is revealed.
▪ Climax - Turning point of the story. Readers
wonder what will happen next ; will the conflict
resolve or not?
▪ Falling Action - Resolution begins; events
and complications start to fall into place.
▪ Resolution - Final outcome of events in the
story.
Major Literary terms of Structuralist/Formalist
Criticism
Time and location a story
2. Setting takes place. It’s answers
when: time & date, where:
location, weather
conditions and
mood/atmosphere : What
feeling is created at the
beginning of the story?
Major Literary terms of Structuralist/Formalist
Criticism
3. Characters A person in a fictional
story, or maybe things
or animals in a story that
Has a qualities of a
person.
▪ Protagonist - the main character
▪ Antagonist - the enemy of the main
character
Major Literary terms of Structuralist/Formalist
Criticism
Conflict refers to a
4. Conflict disagreement, argument, or
clash between two or more
parties over divergent goals,
interests, values, or beliefs.
Conflict can manifest in
various forms, including
external and internal
conflict.
▪ External Conflict - occurs between an individual or
group and an external force or entity, such as another
individual, group, or organization, or a physical obstacle or
challenge. Examples of external conflicts include disputes
between countries, disagreements between co-workers, or
arguments between family members
▪ Internal Conflict - occurs within an individual's mind or
emotions, such as conflicting desires, beliefs, or values.
This type of conflict often involves a struggle between what
a person wants and what they believe is right or wrong
Major Literary terms of Structuralist/Formalist
Criticism
5. Point of View
The angle from which
the story is told.
Major Literary terms of Structuralist/Formalist
Criticism
6. Theme • Central message of
the authors to the
readers.
• Moral of the story
Do an advance research about the structure
of structuralist/formalist approach.