Organic Reagents & Their Functions
No. Reagent Function Chapter Type of Reagent
1 PX3 (Cl, Br, I) or PCl5 or Red P/X2 (Br, I) or SOCl2
Alcohol Alkyl Halide CH 10
2 X2 / UV light or heat (Cl, Br) Alkanes Alkyl HalidesAlkenes Allyl HalidesAlkyl benzenes Benzylic Halides
CH 10
3 X2 / Fe dark Benzene & its derivatives Haloarenes CH 10
4 X2 Alkenes Dihalo alkanes CH 10
5 X2 Anhyd. AlCl3 Benzene & its derivatives o+p or m-X derivative(depends on the group CH
already
10 present)(Friedel Craft Halogenation)
6 Br2 in CS2, 273K Phenol o + p bromophenols CH 11
7 Br2 water, 273K Phenol 2,4,6-tribromophenol CH 11
8 NaNO2 + HCl(or HNO2) 273-278K Aniline Benzene Diazonium Chloride(Diazotization Reaction) CH 10
9 CuX2 (Cl, Br, CN) BDC ArX, ArCN (Sandmeyer) CH 10
10 KI, warm BDC ArI CH 10
11 HX Alkenes Alkyl halides CH 10
12 HX Ether Alcohol + Alkyl halide CH 11
13 HX (excess) Ether Alcohol + Alkyl halide CH 11
14 NaI Haloalkanes (Cl, Br) Iodoalkanes CH 10
15 AgF/HgF2/CoF2/SbF3 Haloalkanes (Cl, Br) Fluoroalkanes CH 10
16 NaOH (aq) or KOH (aq) Haloalkanes Alcohol CH 10
17 NaOH Phenol Sod. Phenoxide + H2O CH 11
18 (i) NaOH (ii) H+ Benzene Sulphonic Acid Phenol CH 11
19 (i) NaOH 623K 300 atm(ii) H+ Haloarene Phenol (Dows Process) CH 10
20 (i) NaOH, 368K (ii) H+ p-nitro chloro benzene to p-nitrophenol CH 10
21 (i) NaOH, 443K (ii) H+ 2,4-dinitro chloro benzene to 2,4-dinitrophenol CH 10
22 NaOH, (ii) CO2 (iii) H+ Phenol Sod. Phenoxide Salicylic acid(Kolbes reaction) CH 11
23 NaOH + CHCl3, H+ Phenol intermediate Salicylaldehyde(Reimer-Tiemann reaction) CH 11
24 H2O, warm 2,4,6-trinitro chloro benzene 2,4,6-trinitrophenol CH 10
25 H2O, warm BDC Phenol CH 11, 13
26 NaOR Haloalkanes Ethers (Williamson Synthesis)3 Alkyl halide Alkene CH 10, 11
27 NaOPh Alkyl halide Ether (Williamson Synthesis) CH 11
28 NH3, RNH2, R2NH, R3N Haloalkanes 1, 2 & 3 amines respectively(Ammonolysis) CH 10
29 KCN Haloalkanes Alkyl Cyanides CH 10
30 AgCN Haloalkanes Isocyanides CH 10
31 KNO2 Haloalkanes Alkyl Nitrites CH 10
32 AgNO2 Haloalkanes Nitroalkanes CH 10
33 ROCOAg Haloalkanes Esters CH 10
34 LiAlH4 Haloalkanes HydrocarbonAldehyde 1 Alcohol (Reduction) CH 11 Red. Agnt