Problem:
A rectangular field is to be enclosed with 300 meters of fencing material. Let x be the length of
the field.
1. Express its area AA in terms of xx.
2. Identify the domain of the function representing the area.
3. Show that the function is continuous on its domain.
Solution:
Step 1: Express the area in terms of xx
Let:
xx = length of the field (in meters)
ww = width of the field (in meters)
The total fencing material used is the perimeter of the rectangle:
P=2x+2w=300P = 2x + 2w = 300
Solve for ww:
2w=300−2x⇒w=150−x2w = 300 - 2x \quad \Rightarrow \quad w = 150 - x
The area AA of the rectangular field is given by:
A=length×width=x(150−x)A = \text{length} \times \text{width} = x(150 - x)
Thus, the area as a function of xx is:
A(x)=150x−x2A(x) = 150x - x^2
Step 2: Identify the domain of the function
Since the width w=150−xw = 150 - x must be a positive number, we have the inequality:
150−x>0⇒x<150150 - x > 0 \quad \Rightarrow \quad x < 150
Additionally, since xx represents a physical length, it must be positive:
x>0x > 0
Therefore, the domain of the function is:
(0,150)\boxed{(0, 150)}
Step 3: Show that the function is continuous on its domain
The function A(x)=150x−x2A(x) = 150x - x^2 is a polynomial function. Polynomial functions
are continuous for all real numbers. Therefore, A(x)A(x) is continuous on its entire domain
(0,150)(0, 150).
Final Answer:
1. The area of the field in terms of xx is: A(x)=150x−x2A(x) = 150x - x^2
2. The domain of the function is: (0,150)(0, 150)
3. The function A(x)=150x−x2A(x) = 150x - x^2 is continuous on its domain (0,150)(0,
150).
Problem:
A manufacturer of closed rectangular aluminum containers with a square base maintains its
surface area at 40 square inches. Let xx be the length of the side of the square base (in inches).
1. Express the volume VV of the container in terms of xx.
2. Identify the domain of the resulting function.
3. Show that the function is continuous on its domain.
Solution:
Step 1: Express the volume in terms of xx
Let:
xx = side length of the square base (in inches)
hh = height of the container (in inches)
Since the container is closed, the total surface area includes:
1. The area of the square base: x2x^2
2. The area of the top (which is also x2x^2)
3. The lateral surface area (4 vertical rectangular sides): 4(xh)4(xh)
Thus, the total surface area SS is:
S=x2+x2+4(xh)=2x2+4xhS = x^2 + x^2 + 4(xh) = 2x^2 + 4xh
Since the manufacturer maintains the surface area at 40 square inches, we have:
2x2+4xh=402x^2 + 4xh = 40
Solve for hh in terms of xx:
4xh=40−2x2⇒h=40−2x24x=20−x22x4xh = 40 - 2x^2 \quad \Rightarrow \quad h = \frac{40 -
2x^2}{4x} = \frac{20 - x^2}{2x}
The volume VV of the container is the area of the base multiplied by the height:
V=base area×height=x2×hV = \text{base area} \times \text{height} = x^2 \times h
Substitute h=20−x22xh = \frac{20 - x^2}{2x}:
V(x)=x2(20−x22x)=x2(20−x2)2x=20x−x32V(x) = x^2 \left( \frac{20 - x^2}{2x} \right) = \
frac{x^2(20 - x^2)}{2x} = \frac{20x - x^3}{2}
Thus, the volume VV in terms of xx is:
V(x)=20x−x32V(x) = \frac{20x - x^3}{2}
Step 2: Identify the domain of the function
Since h=20−x22xh = \frac{20 - x^2}{2x} must be positive for the container to have a real height,
we require:
20−x2>0⇒x2<20⇒x<2020 - x^2 > 0 \quad \Rightarrow \quad x^2 < 20 \quad \Rightarrow \quad
x < \sqrt{20}
Additionally, since xx represents the side length of the base, it must be positive:
x>0x > 0
Therefore, the domain of the function is:
(0,20)\boxed{(0, \sqrt{20})}
Step 3: Show that the function is continuous on its domain
The function V(x)=20x−x32V(x) = \frac{20x - x^3}{2} is a polynomial divided by a constant,
which means it is continuous for all real numbers. Since the domain is (0,20)(0, \sqrt{20}), and
polynomial functions are continuous everywhere, V(x)V(x) is continuous on its domain.
Final Answer:
1. The volume of the container in terms of xx is: V(x)=20x−x32V(x) = \frac{20x - x^3}{2}
2. The domain of the function is: (0,20)(0, \sqrt{20})
3. The function is continuous on its domain (0,20)(0, \sqrt{20}).
Solution
Let’s define the total price P(x) in terms of the number of units x produced by the souvenir
company. Since the price per unit depends on the number of units, we will create a piecewise
function based on the given conditions.
Step 1: Define the function for each interval
1. For 50 or fewer units (0<x≤50):
The price per unit is Php 85.
The total price P(x) is:
P(x)=85x
For more than 50 but less than or equal to 100 units (50<x≤100):
The price per unit is Php 82.
The total price P(x) is:
P(x)=82x
For more than 100 units (x>100):
The price per unit is Php 77.
The total price P(x) is:
P(x)=77x
Step 2: Write the piecewise function
{
85 x if 0< x ≤50
P ( x )= 82 x if 50< x ≤ 100
77 x if x >100
Explanation
The function P(x) is piecewise because the price per unit changes depending on the
number of units ordered.
For each interval, we multiply the corresponding price per unit by the number of units x
to get the total price.
Final Answer
The total price P in terms of the number of units x is:
{
85 x if 0< x ≤50
P ( x )= 82 x if 50< x ≤ 100
77 x if x >100