PG Department of Computer Science and Technology

S0 C 59 [Software
PS02EMCA59 [[So
So t a e Testing]
Software est g]
g]
Testing
 Testing Tools
Software
S ft T ti
Testing t l are the
tools th tools
t l which
hi h are used
d for
f th testing
the t ti off
software.
Software testing
g tools are often used to assure firmness,, thoroughness
g and
performance in testing software products.
Unit testing and subsequent integration testing can be performed by
software testing tools.
tools
These tools are used to fulfill all the requirements of planned testing
activities.
These tools also works as commercial software testing tools.
The quality of the software is evaluated by software testers with the help of
various testing tools.
Dr. B. B. Patel (Associate Professor), S P University ( - bb_patel@[Link] ) 2
 Types of Testing Tools
A software
As ft t ti is
testing i off two
t t
types, static
t ti testing
t ti and
d dynamic
d i testing.
t ti
Also the tools used during these testing are named accordingly on these
testings.
g
Testing tools can be categorized into two types which are as follows:
Static Test Tools: Static test tools are used to work on the static testing g
processes. In the testing through these tools, typical approach is taken.
These tools do not test the real execution of the software. Certain input and
output
p are not required
q in these tools.
Static test tools consists of the following:
Flow Analyzers, Path Tests, Coverage Analyzers, Interface Analyzers

Dr. B. B. Patel (Associate Professor), S P University ( - bb_patel@[Link] ) 3

 Types of Testing Tools
Dynamic
D i Test
T t Tools:
T l Dynamic
D i testing
t ti process is
i performed
f d by
b the
th dynamic
d i
test tools. These tools test the software with existing or current data.
Dynamic
y test tools comprises
p of the following:
g
Test Drivers, Test Beds, Emulators, Mutation Analyzers

Dr. B. B. Patel (Associate Professor), S P University ( - bb_patel@[Link] ) 4

 Categories of Testing Tools
T t tools
Test t l can be
b divided
di id d in
i to
t three
th categories:
t i
Commercial Tools : Commercial software is a pay to use software that is
developed
p by y a dedicated team and supports
pp the exact requirement
q of what
the industry is looking at. The commercial software provides access to the
software code to those users who had purchased the license or procured an
agreement
g to use it. Usually,
y commercial software, users will be charged g
based on licenses or number of users. Here too, users are provided enough
support if users are having any difficulty with the software usage.
Example: Micro Focus UFT,
UFT Micro Focus LoadRunner,
LoadRunner IBM RFT,
RFT IBM RPT etc…
etc

Dr. B. B. Patel (Associate Professor), S P University ( - bb_patel@[Link] ) 5

 Categories of Testing Tools
Open Source
O S T l : Open
Tools O S
Source i a software-licensing
is ft li i model
d l where
h
software is free to use and even the source code is open to the individual
programmers, for enabling them to conduct the development process with
more added functionalities.
functionalities It’s a collaborative development between
multiple independent contributors. Anyone can download, study, change or
update and use software for any purpose. So, you/company can download
and extend for your internal use.
use
Examples: Selenium, JMeter, Appium Etc…

Dr. B. B. Patel (Associate Professor), S P University ( - bb_patel@[Link] ) 6

 Categories of Testing Tools
IIn-house
h T l : Some
Tools S companies
i develop
d l test
t t tools
t l for
f their
th i internal
i t l use (to
(t
test their company software) and those tool names also local to that
companies.
Examples : Microsoft developed and using several test tools for testing Micro
Soft Software products and Oracle Corporation etc, companies also using In-
house Test Tools.

Dr. B. B. Patel (Associate Professor), S P University ( - bb_patel@[Link] ) 7

 Benefits of Testing Tools
• Higher product quality.
Software testing tools help deliver higher quality applications by improving the
y of tests,, increasing
accuracy g the coverage
g of code that is tested,, accelerating
g the
pace of testing, and delivering feedback to developers earlier in the process.
• Improved security.
C b
Cybercrime
i i a substantial
is b t ti l threat
th t to
t organizations
i ti l
large and
d small,
ll and
d software
ft
vulnerabilities are a significant target for malicious actors. Software testing tools
help ensure that applications are free of flaws and vulnerabilities that can be
exploited by hackers, protecting companies, their users, partners, and
customers from exposure to cyber criminals.

Dr. B. B. Patel (Associate Professor), S P University ( - bb_patel@[Link] ) 8

 Benefits of Testing Tools
• More cost-effective development.
By uncovering defects and design issues earlier in the software developer
y , software testing
lifecycle, g tools enable developers
p to fix bugs
g more easily
y and
cost-effectively.
• Ensure compatibility.
S ft
Software t ti
testing t l can help
tools h l ensure that
th t a piece
i off software
ft will
ill work
k across
multiple browsers, operating systems, and devices.
• Greater customer satisfaction.
Ultimately, software testing tools help development organizations deliver
products that satisfy customer requirements and expectations.

Dr. B. B. Patel (Associate Professor), S P University ( - bb_patel@[Link] ) 9

 Selenium
Selenium
S l i i one off the
is th mostt widely
id l used
d open source Web
W b UI (User
(U I t f
Interface)
)
automation testing suite.
It was originally
g y developed
p by
y Jason Huggins
gg in 2004 as an internal tool at
Thought Works.
Selenium supports automation across different browsers, platforms and
programming languages.
languages
Selenium can be easily deployed on platforms such as Windows, Linux,
Solaris and Macintosh.
Moreover, it supports OS (Operating System) for mobile applications like iOS,
windows mobile and android.

Dr. B. B. Patel (Associate Professor), S P University ( - bb_patel@[Link] ) 10

 Selenium

Dr. B. B. Patel (Associate Professor), S P University ( - bb_patel@[Link] ) 11

 Selenium
Selenium
S l i supportst a variety
i t off programming
i l
languages th
through
h the
th use off
drivers specific to each language.
Languages
g g supported
pp by
y Selenium include C#,, Java,, Perl,, PHP,, Python
y and
Ruby.
Currently, Selenium Web driver is most popular with Java and C#.
Selenium test scripts can be coded in any of the supported programming
languages and can be run directly in most modern web browsers.
Browsers supported by Selenium include Internet Explorer,
Explorer Mozilla Firefox,
Firefox
Google Chrome and Safari.

Dr. B. B. Patel (Associate Professor), S P University ( - bb_patel@[Link] ) 12

 Selenium
Selenium
S l i t t scripts
test i t can be
b coded
d d in
i any off the
th supported
t d programming
i
languages and can be run directly in most modern web brows Selenium is an
open source and portable Web testing Framework.
Selenium IDE provides a playback and record feature for authoring tests
without the need to learn a test scripting language.

Dr. B. B. Patel (Associate Professor), S P University ( - bb_patel@[Link] ) 13

 Features of Selenium
It can be
b considered
id d as the
th leading
l di cloud-based
l db d testing
t ti platform
l tf which
hi h helps
h l
testers to record their actions and export them as a reusable script with a
simple-to-understand and easy-to-use interface.
Selenium supports various operating systems, browsers and programming
languages.
Following is the list:
Programming Languages: C#, Java, Python, PHP, Ruby, Perl, and JavaScript
Operating Systems: Android,
Android iOS,
iOS Windows,
Windows Linux,
Linux Mac,
Mac Solaris.
Solaris
Browsers: Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Internet Explorer, Edge, Opera,
Safari, etc.

Dr. B. B. Patel (Associate Professor), S P University ( - bb_patel@[Link] ) 14

 Features of Selenium
It also
l supportst parallel
ll l test
t t execution
ti which
hi h reduces
d ti
time and
d increases
i th
the
efficiency of tests.
Selenium can be integrated with frameworks like Ant and Maven for source
code compilation.
Selenium can also be integrated with testing frameworks like TestNG for
application
pp testing
g and g
generating
g reports.
p .
Selenium requires fewer resources as compared to other automation test
tools.
WebDriver
W bD i API has
h b
been i d l d in
indulged i selenium
l i whichis
hi hi one off the
th mostt
important modifications done to selenium.
Selenium web driver does not require server installation, test scripts interact
directly with the browser.
Dr. B. B. Patel (Associate Professor), S P University ( - bb_patel@[Link] ) 15
 Features of Selenium
Selenium
S l i commands d are categorized
t i d in
i terms
t off different
diff t classes
l which
hi h
make it easier to understand and implement.
Selenium Remote Control ((RC)) in conjunction
j with WebDriver API is known as
Selenium 2.0. This version was built to support the vibrant web pages and
Ajax.
Selenium does not support automation testing for desktop applications.
applications
Selenium requires high skill sets in order to automate tests more effectively.
Since Selenium is open source software,
software you have to rely on community
forums to get your technical issues resolved.
We can't perform automation tests on web services like SOAP or REST using
Selenium.
Dr. B. B. Patel (Associate Professor), S P University ( - bb_patel@[Link] ) 16
 Features of Selenium
We should
W h ld know
k att least
l t one off the
th supported
t d programming
i l
languages t
to
create tests scripts in Selenium WebDriver.

Dr. B. B. Patel (Associate Professor), S P University ( - bb_patel@[Link] ) 17

 Limitations of Selenium
It does
d nott have
h b ilt i Object
built-in Obj t Repository
R it lik UTF/QTP to
like t maintain
i t i
objects/elements in centralized location. However, we can overcome this
limitation using Page Object Model.
Selenium does not have any inbuilt reportingcapability; you have to rely on
plug-ins like JUnit and TestNG for test reports.
It is not p
possible to p perform testing
g on images.
g . We need to integrate
g
Selenium with Sikuli for image based testing.
Creating test environment in Selenium takes more time as compared to
vendor tools like UFT,
UFT RFT,
RFT Silk test,
test etc.
etc
No one is responsible for new features usage; they may or may not work
properly.
Selenium does not provide any test tool integration for Test Management.
Dr. B. B. Patel (Associate Professor), S P University ( - bb_patel@[Link] ) 18
 Selenium Test Suite
Selenium
S l i i nott just
is j t a single
i l tool
t l but
b t a suite
it off software,
ft each
h with
ith a
different approach to support automation testing.
It comprises
p of four major
j components
p which include:
[1] Selenium Integrated Development Environment (IDE)
[[2]] Selenium Remote Control ((Now Deprecated)
p )
[3] WebDriver
[[4]] Selenium Grid

Dr. B. B. Patel (Associate Professor), S P University ( - bb_patel@[Link] ) 19

 Selenium Test Suite
[1] Selenium
S l i I t
Integrated
t d Development
D l t Environment
E i t (IDE)
Selenium IDE is implemented as Firefox extension which provides record and
playback
p y functionality
y on test scripts.
p
It allows testers to export recorded scripts in many languages like HTML,
Java, Ruby, RSpec, Python, C#, JUnit and TestNG.
You can use these exported script in Selenium RC or Webdriver.
Selenium IDE has limited scope and the generated test scripts are not very
robust and portable.
portable

Dr. B. B. Patel (Associate Professor), S P University ( - bb_patel@[Link] ) 20

 Selenium Test Suite
[2] Selenium
S l i R
Remote
t Control
C t l (Now
(N D
Deprecated)
t d)
Selenium RC (officially deprecated by selenium) allows testers to write
automated web application
pp UI test in any
y of the supported
pp programming
p g g
languages.
It also involves an HTTP proxy server which enables the browser to believe
that the web application being tested comes from the domain provided by
proxy server.
Selenium RC comes with two components.
p
[A] Selenium RC Server (acts as a HTTP proxy for web requests).
[B] Selenium RC Client ((library containing your programming language code).
)

Dr. B. B. Patel (Associate Professor), S P University ( - bb_patel@[Link] ) 21

 Selenium Test Suite
[3] WebDriver
W bD i
Selenium WebDriverprovides a programming interface to create and execute
test cases.
Test scripts are written in order to identify web elements on web pages and
then desired actions are performed on those elements.
Selenium WebDriver performs much faster as compared to Selenium RC
because it makes direct calls to the web browsers.
RC on the other hand needs an RC server to interact with the web browser.
browser

Dr. B. B. Patel (Associate Professor), S P University ( - bb_patel@[Link] ) 22

 Selenium Test Suite
[3] WebDriver
W bD i
Since, WebDriver directly calls the methods of different browsers hence we
have separate
p driver for each browser.
Some of the most widely used web drivers include:
Mozilla Firefox Driver ((Gecko Driver))
Google Chrome Driver
Internet Explorer Driver
Opera Driver
Safari Driver
HTML Unit Driver (a special headless driver)
Dr. B. B. Patel (Associate Professor), S P University ( - bb_patel@[Link] ) 23
 Selenium Test Suite
[4] Selenium
S l i G id
Grid
Selenium Grid is also an important component of Selenium Suite which
allows us to run our tests on different machines against
g different browsers in
parallel.
In simple words, we can run our tests simultaneously on different machines
running different browsers and operating systems.
systems
Selenium Grid follows the Hub-Node Architecture to achieve parallel
execution of test scripts.
p
The Hub is considered as master of the network and the other will be the
nodes. Hub controls the execution of test scripts on various nodes of the
network
network.

Dr. B. B. Patel (Associate Professor), S P University ( - bb_patel@[Link] ) 24

 Selenium IDE - Features
Selenium
S l i IDE is
i divided
di id d into
i t different
diff t components,
t each
h having
h i th i own
their
features and functionalities.
There are seven different components
p of Selenium IDE,, which includes:
[1] Menu Bar
[2] Tool Bar
[3] Address Bar
[4] Test Case Pane
[5] Test Script Editor Box
[6] Start/Stop Recording Button
[7] Log, Reference Pane
Dr. B. B. Patel (Associate Professor), S P University ( - bb_patel@[Link] ) 25