Vertebrates Fish

Photoclists Bacteria Animalia " " "" ° "

→ loose , wet scales

Characteristics of Living Organism

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-
-
-

Have five class :

nucleus → → Cold
-

→ unicellular → NO Multicellular d) Birds

-
blooded
a) Fish
→ streamlined body
→ All have nucleus
→ strands of DNA and → consumes other b) Reptiles e) Mamma " "
→ Fin for balance
c) Amphibians
plasmid for
MOVEMENT an action by an organism or part of organisms →
lay eggs without shells .

→ some can cell wall nutrition ( eating ) Reptiles Amphibians

protoctists → Have and moist skin
an organism causing a change of Dry fixed scale smooth

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- -

C peptidoglycan? "avenue
,

and
photosynthesize
→
some

(
position or place Consume other organism →
many shapes 000000 no cell wall or
rubbery shells larvae : on water

( animal 9 chloroplasts .
like ) ( Bacillus coccus ) water and land
RESPIRATION. The chemical reactions that break
-

in
-

, water
-

cold blooded cold

-

Some have blooded

-

→
flagellum
-

cpokiio thermic ,
down nutrient molecules in living
snake
> plant like -
characteristics
→ Have ribosomes Birds mammalians
?
,

/ skin chair )
cells to release energy for
Feathers
0
Fur
t¥% → " ""
-

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-

Endothermic [warm
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placenta
•

Have
,
-
a
blooded ,
.

My .y
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antennal fertilisation )
metabolism
i -

→ g
Lay
.

with hard
.

eggs

1 /
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. -

shells
-

Have mammary glands

g ,
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.

External
.

→ Have (
beak pinnae) 00
-
,

SENSITIVITY. The ability to detect or sense stimuli

ears
"
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like Plant like " "" " " "" "

animal
-
-

in the internal or external vertebrates Myriapods crustaceans gins

without backbone -2
segments cephalothorax and
environment and to make appropriate many segments
- Animals - -_

abdomen
-
Class : Arthropods -
A
pair of antennae more than 4
pairs of legs

µ
-

myriapods
responses
order : 1)
Example : -
2
pairs of antennae
[ mica)
2) Insects -72 Pairs of /
millipede legs Segment Chalky exoskeleton (Caco} )
GROWTH. A permanent increase in size and dry
-

3) Crustaceans

Centipede pair
-71 of Breathe through gills
-

4) Arachnids / Segment
legs Example : lobsters crabs
-

mass by an increase in cell number

,

Topic 1: Arthropods Insects Arachnids

or a cell size or both common characteristics →3 Segments : Head thorax / abdomen -4
,
pairs of legs
Characteristics of Living Organism 1) Have
segmented bodies → 3
pairs of jointed legs -2
segments
cephalothorax
=

abdotment
REPRODUCTION. The processes that make more of the 2) Jointed limbs % → 2
pairs of wings
1 No antennae
-

→
3) Hard pair of antennae
same kind of organism
exoskeleton
spider;

{
→ eyes Simple eyes
complex
-

(skeleton on outside ,
fly / dragonfly Examples tick , scorpion
EXCRETION. The removal from organism of toxic Example
-

: ants , :

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materials, waste products of
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-

green pigment chlorophyll :

metabolism and substance in

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1) Usually multicellular can undergo photosynthesis
-

excess requirements Hollow

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body
-

2) Have nucleus > DNA

Have cell wall , nucleus chloroplast
-
-
,

NUTRITION The taking in materials for energy, envelope

-

multicellular
3) Has cell wall made
growth and development
"
Ferns
of chitin
tavefondslcompound leaves
-
not a
living thing .

""" "" " " 4) Undergoes saprophytic

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(head)
has Take Do
-

on host cells to not

produce flowers
-
" -

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genetic information parasitic C. living host )
as a
1)
⑥ ⑥
" " +" "
0h
Allow Flowering plants flowering plants
2) Cell membrane
-

→
to a) Hyphae burrow and
reproduction eeds found in flower
certain substance cell
sexual

latch the host

out of to
in and
on t
monocotyledon Dicotyledon
go underground .

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b) Hyphae releases
to hold enzymes

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3) Cytoplasm
-

Support c) Enzyme breaks down and

and site
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all organelles digest " "+ " dead " " ""
9
,
Branched veins Petals in Tap
of chemical reactions
.
d) Hyphae absorbs the ! para,e , petals
multiple
fibrous
multiples roots
vein
in root Broad leaves of 5
[Feeding ) broken down molecules of 3s
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 and amino acid iimorphology
Linnaeus Binomial
DNA sequencing and
anatomy
System species → an
organism that can
produce fertile offspring
Modern ways to identify and comparing species
System discovered species
-
that names a
newly
1) compare segue 're Traditional way to identify
DNA
species
"

two system
"
-

Composed of a name

for example :
most related
Genus
First CAT G- T C
:
and C
species B

f-
A
species
A >

A AC A C A and B -72 similarities

g) Morphology
second :
species species
B
→ T 6-
A and C → > Simi " """ characteristics
C ATC A G-
-
External
T
C → 4 similarities
body
→
c B and the
For example
: Humans species least related aandlz -
Physical appearances from
exoskeleton , legs and ete "

2) Amino acid
sequence
-

Example :
feathers hair,

H0_M0 Sapiens
,

amino acids
Handwritten Gene produce sequence of
-
→

b) Anatomy
→ The ones who are most
closely related
will produce similar
acids
amino -
Internal characteristics

r
Homo sapien appearances from the body
Text
n
-
-

Internal

Example : Organ placement

and
presence
in chicken
pls :
naming usually written → gizzard
in

in humans
→ spleen
Latin .

Phylogeny
1:
Topic tree
classification of
of classifying
→ system
living organism
the ancestors
organisms in -

Tree of evolution from

classification different groups

g branching keys
-
Involves of organisms
Animalia
Kingdom -
mnemonics
Dichotomous Key
Chor data ing A
Phylum
-

3. ranching into two

phillip B
class -
Mammalia came c
Over Number D
Order - Carnivora Branching E
For diagram key F
Felidae a-

Family -

good %? II H

Genus -
Panted soup
-
most
closely related are the ones with
III. =
2-
Yes No
the nearest branches with one another
led
species
-

3-
I, = related
Example : f- and g- are closely
Example : Lion
steps to do dichotomous
-
key two categories A and H are least related
( Panthera
leo ) 1) write down characteristics 3) Choose one of the
and
category
into two
-
- that can be seen further divide
2) Pick one that can 4) Stop untill all organisms
divide the organism into are identified