The main pollution emitted through thermal power plant is known as?

Ans:- particulate matter

What is global warming?
Ans:- Global warming is the phenomenon of gradual increase in the average
temperature of earth . It is caused by the release of greenhouse gases like carbon
dioxide, methane, CFCs etc. into the atmosphere.
Give two examples of environmental impact associate with population growth.
Ans:- a)consumption of resources such as land, food, water, air, fossil fuels and
minerals.
b) waste products as a result of consumption such as air and water pollutants,
toxic materials andgreenhouse gases.
4) who started chipko movement? Ans:- Sunderlal Bahuguna
5)Environmental protection act is macted in which year? Ans :- 1986
6) Which is most polluted city in india? Ans:- Delhi
7) What is air pollution? Classify air pollutants and gives its sources?
Ans:- Air pollution is contamination of the indoor or outdoor environment by any
chemical, physical or biological agent that modifies the natural characteristics of
the atmosphere The measurement of air
quality is based on eight pollutants, namely: Carbon Monoxide (CO), Ozone (O3),
Ammonia (NH3), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Particulate
Matter (PM10), Particulate Matter (PM2. 5), and Lead (Pb).
The sources of air pollutants are factories, power plants, automobile exhausts and
burning of firewood and dung cakes. Vehicles produce pollutants such as carbon
monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, oxides of sulphur and smoke.
8) What is noise pollution? Give sources of noise pollution?
Ans:- Noise pollution is considered to be any unwanted or disturbing sound that
affects the health and well-being of humans and other organisms. Sound is
measured in decibels.
There are many sources of noise pollution, but here are some of the main ones:
Traffic noise, Air traffic noise, Construction sites, Catering and night life, Animals.
Some sources of noise pollution are as follows:
Televisions and transistors running at high volumes, Loudspeakers, Horns of
buses, cars and trucks, Home appliances such as mixer, desert cooler, Bursting of
crackers.
Q.5)
1) Silent Vally :- Silent Valley Movement was a movement against the state to
protect Silent valley, an evergreen tropical forest in the Palakkad district of Kerala,
India. It was started in 1973 to save the Silent Valley Reserve Forest from being
flooded by a hydroelectric project. The British named the area ‘Silent Valley’
because of a perceived absence of noisy Cicadas. The Kuntipuzha is a
major river that flows 15 km southwest from Silent Valley. It takes its origin in the
lush green forests of Silent [Link] 1928, the location on the Kunthipuzha River
at Sairandhri was identified as an ideal site for electricity generation. Initially, the
decision was made by the British government to build a dam across the river,
which originates from the forest. The plans for a hydroelectric project that
threatened the park’s high diversity of wildlife stimulated an Environmentalist
Social Movement in the 1970s called ‘Save Silent Valley’ which resulted in the
cancellation of the project.
2) Air Pollution :- Air pollution is contamination of the indoor or outdoor
environment by any chemical, physical or biological agent that modifies the
natural characteristics of the atmosphere. Household combustion devices, motor
vehicles, industrial facilities and forest fires are common sources of air pollution.
Pollutants of major public health concern include particulate matter, carbon
monoxide, ozone, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide. Outdoor and indoor air
pollution cause respiratory and other diseases and are important sources of
morbidity and mortality. Air quality is closely linked to the earth’s climate and
ecosystems globally. Many of the drivers of air pollution (i.e. combustion of fossil
fuels) are also sources of greenhouse gas emissions. Policies to reduce air
pollution, therefore, offer a win-win strategy for both climate and health,
lowering the burden of disease attributable to air pollution, as well as
contributing to the near- and long-term mitigation of climate change.
3) Solid waste management :- Solid waste management refers to the collecting,
treating, and disposing of solid material that is discarded or is no longer useful.
Solid waste management is an important aspect of urban area management.
Improper disposal of municipal solid waste can create unsanitary conditions,
which can lead to environmental pollution and the outbreak of vector-borne
disease. The task of solid waste management presents complex technical
challenges. They also pose various economic, administrative, and social problems
which need urgent attention. The major sources of solid waste are households;
agricultural fields; industries and mining, hotels and catering; roads and railways;
hospitals and educational institutions; cultural centers and places of recreation
and tourism, etc. Plastic waste is also a solid waste.
4) Climate Change :- Climate change refers to long-term shifts in temperatures and
weather patterns. Such shifts can be natural, due to changes in the sun’s activity or
large volcanic eruptions. But since the 1800s, human activities have been the
main driver of climate change, primarily due to the burning of fossil fuels like
coal, oil and gas.
Burning fossil fuels generates greenhouse gas emissions that act like a blanket
wrapped around the Earth, trapping the sun’s heat and raising temperatures.
The main greenhouse gases that are causing climate change include carbon dioxide
and methane. These come from using gasoline for driving a car or coal for heating a
building, for example. Clearing land and cutting down forests can also release carbon
dioxide. Agriculture, oil and gas operations are major sources of methane emissions.
Energy, industry, transport, buildings, agriculture and land use are among the main
sectors causing greenhouse gases.
5) Land Slide :- A landslide is defined as the movement of a mass of rock, debris,
or earth down a slope. Landslides are a type of "mass wasting," which denotes
any down-slope movement of soil and rock under the direct influence of gravity.
The term "landslide" encompasses five modes of slope movement: falls, topples,
slides, spreads, and flows. These are further subdivided by the type of geologic
material (bedrock, debris, or earth). Debris flows (commonly referred to as
mudflows or mudslides) and rock falls are examples of common landslide types.
Almost every landslide has multiple causes. Slope movement occurs when forces
acting down-slope (mainly due to gravity) exceed the strength of the earth
materials that compose the slope. Causes include factors that increase the effects
of down-slope forces and factors that contribute to low or reduced
strength. Landslides can be initiated in slopes already on the verge of movement
by rainfall, snowmelt, changes in water level, stream erosion, changes in ground
water, earthquakes, volcanic activity, disturbance by human activities, or any
combination of these factors. Earthquake shaking and other factors can also
induce landslides underwater. These landslides are called submarine landslides.
Submarine landslides sometimes cause tsunamis that damage coastal areas.
6) Tribal people and their rights :- India has the second largest tribal
concentration in the world spread across various parts of the country mainly in
forests and hilly regions. The characteristics of these communities are their
particular geographical location, distinct culture, economic backwardness and
aloofness from the society at large. Article 366(25) refers to Scheduled Tribes as
such tribes or tribal communities or groups as are deemed under Article 342 of
Scheduled
the Constitution. According to Article 342 of the constitution, the
tribes are the tribes or tribal communities which have been
declared as such by the President through a public notification.
It is given in Article 14 of the Indian Constitution: “The State
shall not deny to any person equality before the law or the equal
protection of the laws within the territory of India.” In India,
since these people are considered low and are not treated well
the Constitution of India provides several rights to these people
for safeguarding their interests. There are a number of social
problems which are associated with these people like
untouchability, illiteracy etc. Article 17 of the Constitution of
India states:”Untouchability is abolished and its practice in any
form is forbidden.”