2020/11/9 Homework for this week:
read/review sections 8Ed and 8Ee Define the following
key vocab in your
notebook: chromatography, chromatogram, steam,
water vapor, condensation,
evaporation, distillation, a still (a type of device)
Chromatography->the separation of a mixture by
passing it through a
material through which some parts of the mixture
travel further than others
according to their solubility (more soluble particles
travel further up the
paper than less soluble particles)
Steam-> a kind of gas (the gas phase of water when
water is fully converted
to gas (usually by boiling)
Water vapor-> water that has been evaporarize.
(evaporated) similar to steam
but occurs at any temperature
Condensation,->particles in the gas state turn to solid
due to energy loss
(temperature loss)
Evaporate -> when any LIQUID turns into gasl
Distillation ->If a liquid such as whisky or water is
distilled, it is heated until
it changes into steam or vapour and then cooled until
it becomes liquid again.
This is usually done in order to make it pure.
Still->a device used to distill water and make it
potable (drinkable)
3) Key Concept Questions
a) Explain why different chemicals that make up ink or
paint travel at
different speeds up chromatography paper. (hint
include the word "solubility"
or "soluble" in your answer) Because theink is made
up of different dye chemicals and chromatography
paper separates
them based on their varying degrees of solubility.
Those dye chemicals
(solutes) that spend more of their time "dissolved" in
the solvent will travel
further up the paper. Those that are less soluble and
spend less time dissolved
in the solvent move more slowly up the
chromatography paper.
b) Give a REAL LIFE example of why someone would
use chromatography. What
are they trying to figure out?
Oops no answer here. An example might be for a
painter to recreate a color of
paint exactly using all the correct colors (dyes) to
reach the desired paint
tone.
They are also used for food testing (food quality test)
to make sure the
chemicals in food are the correct ones (for example to
check if beef that is
sold to consumers is actually meat from cows (rather
than a horse! This
really happens!)
c) You made coffee... but then you CHANGED YOUR
MIND. YOU WANT WATER
NOW! Describe all the steps required to separate a
solution of COFFEE back
into pure water and coffee powder.
You first buy a kind of special paper that can let the
water go and gave away
the water. Then you fold the paper twice and make it
into a funnel, and put
it on the beaker or test tube. Next, you pour the tea
into the funnel and you
can use dilution water to clean the cup. Last wait and
you you will get some
splendid water and the powder.
OR, YOU CAN JUST BUY ANOTHER BOTTLE OF WATER
AND ANOTHER PACKET OF
COFFE POWDER. THAT IS MUCH [Link] I like
your second answer the best! I agree it's much easier.
But if you use the first method you mentioned, you'll
still be unsuccessful. Coffee is a
homogenous solution where water particles fully
dissolve the coffee paricles.
We could get pure water again by distilling the coffee
solution which involves
the following:
1. Heating the coffee solution to the point of boiling
(vaporization)
where liquid water will turn into pure water vapor. The
less dense
water vapor will rise through the distillation apparatus
until it reaches
a condensing tube.
2. The condensing tube is attached to a cool water
inlet (further from
the entry point do the water vapor) which allows cool
water to run
outside of the condensing tube chamber removing
energy from the gas
particles so they change state back to liquid
(condensation) . The
particles condense on the sides of the glass attracted
by hydrogen
bonding and gravity will pull the droplets of pure liquid
water into a
beaker or cup as a result of the downward angle of the
condenser..
3. Now you can drink the pure, distilled water and the
un-vaporized
solute will remain in the original container that was
heated
4) CHALLENGE!!! Write your own
distillation/chromatography related question
to share with the class next week. I am not sure.
You don't have to be sure! Asking a question, and then
trying your best to
find the answer is literally what science is ALL ABOUT!
Nobody's ever sure
until they try. So let's try please!
Example: can chromatography be used to solve
crimes?Can you distill milk to
get potable water?
2020/11/18
Homework for this week:
1) read/review sections 8Ia (Hot Stuff)
preview 8Ib, 8Ic
2) Define the following key vocab in your notebook:
heat, temperature, joules, thermal energy, thermal
equilibrium, thermal expansion, kinetic energy
Heat-> the level of temperature.
Temperature ->the mearurement indegrees of how
hot or cold a thing or a place is.
Joules->In physics, a joule is a unit of energy or work.
Thermal energy -> some kind of energy or heat generate
by something.
Kinetic energy -> energy of motion.
Thermal equilibrium->a state in which all parts of a
system are at the same temperature
Thermal expension -> hot enough to make it bigger.
3) Key Concept Questions
a) Explain the diference between "heat" and
"temperature" and how they are related to eachother.
Heat and the temperature are related but not the
same . We can measure temperature with a
thermonmeter but we cannot measure the amout of
heat energy something contains using one.
b) You have 2 bottles of water. "Bottle A" has 1 liter of
water at 30 degrees celsius, "bottle B" has 2 liters of
water also at 30 degrees celsius. Which container of
water contains more thermal energy (heat)?
I think it is the bottle “B” because in the real life, when
I am adding water to my bottles, put 50ml of hot water
with 40ml cold water is just right ot me. But if I put
100ml and 80ml of water, I think it will be too hot, for
some reason, I think the hotness will increase just like
the counpuond interest or simple intereted, but the
cold water just don’t change.
c) Explain why a MASSIVE iceberg at 0 degrees celsius
can have more heat than a SMALL but very hot coffee.
The temperature of the iceburg is higher because it
has more temperature.
d) List 2 examples of objects that have a very HIGH
temperature, but relatively LOW heat (thermal
energy). hint: think about the sparkler example from
your book.
Spark& fire
4) CHALLENGE!!! Write your own heat/temperature
related question to share with the class next week.
Thanks!
Also! A great question was asked about how to
separate substances that have the same boiling point!
Some other options besides filtration (if particles have
different sizes) or chromatography (if substances have
different solubilities) is to separate them by freezing (if
they have different freezing points) or by spinning
them very fast in a centrifugation device (which works
to separate substances that have significantly
different densities) I hope that helps!