TAGORE GROUP OF SCHOOLS
Class : VII TermI : 202425
SCIENCE
Assertion & Reason based and Case Study questions
The question below consists of an Assertion (A) and a Reason (R). Use the following key to choose the
appropriate answer.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Ch – Nutrition in Plants
Q1. Assertion (A): Plants make their food themselves and are called autotrophs.
Reason (R): Human beings and other animals depend on plants for their food.
Q2. Assertion (A): Water and minerals present in soil are absorbed by roots and transported to
leaves.
Reason (R): Carbon dioxide from air is taken through stomata present on the surface of leaves.
Q3. Assertion (A): The green pigment present in the leaves of plants is called chlorophyll.
Reason (R): This green pigment is responsible for the green colour of most of the plants.
Q4. Assertion (A): Sun is the ultimate source of energy for all living organisms.
Reason (R): Sunlight is one of the essential conditions for photosynthesis to occur in plants.
Q5. Assertion (A): The product of photosynthesis is a complex chemical substance called
carbohydrate.
Reason (R): The carbohydrate ultimately gets converted into sugar.
Q6. Assertion (A): Some plants are heterotrophic.
Reason(R): Few plants cannot synthesise food on their own and depend on other plants and small
animals for their food.
Q7. Assertion (A) : Some bacteria are present in root nodules of leguminous plants.
Reason (R) : Leguminous plants have nodulated roots.
Q8. Assertion (A) : Green colour in leaves help in photosynthesis.
Reason (R) : Photosynthesis results in the formation of starch.
Q9. Assertion (A): All plants are not autotrophic.
Reason (R): Insectivorous plants cannot synthesise their own food.
Q10. Assertion (A): All life on earth derives energy from plants.
Reason (R): Plants are the primary producers being able to produce their own food. All living organisms
are directly or indirectly dependant on plants for food.
Ch Acids, Bases and Salts
Q1. Assertion (A): Sugar is a neutral substance.
Reason (R): A sugar solution turns red litmus blue.
Q2. Assertion (A): Neutralisation reaction is accompanied by evolution of heat.
Reason (R): Neutralisation reaction is a reaction between an acid and a base to form salt and water.
Q3. Assertion (A) : Turmeric is a natural indicator.
Reason (R) : Turmeric acquires red colour in alkaline solution.
Q4. Assertion (A) : Salts are the products of an acidbase reaction.
Reason (R) : Salt may be acidic or basic.
Q5. Assertion (A): The reaction between an acid and a base is known as neutralisation reaction.
Reason (R): The neutralisation reaction forms salt and water as a product.
Q6. Assertion (A) : An ant bites injects the acidic liquid into skin .
Reason (R) : An ant sting have formic acid.
Q7. Assertion (A): To protect tooth decay, we should brush our teeth regularly.
Reason (R): The acidic ingredient in the paste protects tooth from decay.
Q8. Assertion (A): Salt may be acidic, basic or neutral in nature.
Reason (R): Lime juice is of acidic nature because it contains citric acid.
Q9. Assertion (A): Antacids are used to get rid of pain caused by indigestion.
Reason (R) : Antacids neutralise the excess acid produced in stomach.
Q10. Assertion (A): The substance which shows the nature of a solution as acidic or basic with the
change in colour are called indicators.
Reason (R): Red litmus turns blue in a solution containing vitamin 'C'.
Ch Motion and Time
Q1. Assertion (A): The time taken by a pendulum to complete one oscillation is called its time period.
Reason (R): A slight change in displacement does not affect the time period of a pendulum.
Q2. Assertion (A): The distance moved by an object in unit time is called its speed.
Reason (R): Faster vehicles have higher speeds.
Q3. Assertion (A) : The distancetime graph for the motion of an object moving with a constant speed
is a straight line.
Reason (R) : An object covers equal distance in equal intervals of time is said to be in uniform motion.
Q4. Assertion (A) : Periodic motion of a pendulum has been used to make clocks and watches.
Reason (R) : Pendulum of given length does not takes the same time to complete one oscillation.
Q5. Assertion (A) : The blades of a switchedoff fan come to rest after some time.
Reason (R) : In a uniform circular motion, the speed of motion remains constant.
Q6. Assertion (A) : For measurement of any physical quantity we use standard international system of
units.
Reason (R) : Kg is SI unit of length.
Q7. Assertion (A) : For measuring the length of an object we chose suitable device.
Reason (R) : We can measure the length of a curved line directly by using a metre sacle.
Q8. Assertion (A) : The speedometer of an automobile measures average speed of an automobile.
Reason (R) : Average speed is equal to total distance travelled per total time taken.
Q9. Assertion (A) : The motion of a child on a swing is an example of periodic motion.
Reason (R) : Periodic motion is one that repeats itself after regular intervals of time.
Q10. Assertion (A) : The SI unit of speed is metre per second.
Reason (R) : The SI unit of distance is metre and that of time is second.
Ch – Nutrition in Animals
Q1. Assertion (A) : The digestive tract and the associated glands together constitute the digestive
system.
Reason (R): The digestive juices convert complex substances of food into simple ones.
Q2. Assertion (A): Our mouth has salivary glands which secrete saliva.
Reason (R): The saliva breaks down starch into sugar.
Q3. Assertion (A): Ingestion of food is difficult without teeth.
Reason (R): Our teeth vary in appearance and perform different functions.
Q4. Assertion (A): The stomach is protected against hydrochloric acid
Reason (R): The digestive juices protect the lining of the stomach.
Q5. Assertion (A) : Food pipe runs through neck and chest.
Reason (R) : When food is not accepted by our stomach it is vomited out.
Q6. Assertion (A) : The small intestine is about 7.5m long and highly coiled.
Reason (R) : It is smaller as compared to large intestine.
Q7. Assertion (A) : Rumen is the first of four chambers of stomach of ruminants.
Reason (R) : In rumen the food gets partly digested and is called cud.
Q8. Assertion (A) : Liver secretes a juice called bile juice.
Reason (R) : Bile juice is stored in liver.
Q9. Assertion (A) : Digestion in amoeba is intracellular.
Reason (R) : In the food vacuole the food becomes trapped and is digested by the action of digestive
juices secreted into food vacuole.
Q10. Assertion (A) : After eating the sweets, food and other things, washing of mouth and teeth are
very important.
Reason (R) : The chocolates, sweets, soft drinks and other sugar products are the major culprits of
tooth decay.
Ch – Heat
Q1. Assertion (A): Heat always flows from a larger object to a smaller object.
Reason (R): Various modes by which heat can flow are conduction, convection and radiation.
Q2. Assertion (A) : Radiation is a method of transfer of heat.
Reason (R) : The process of heat transfer that does not require any medium is called radiation.
Q3. Assertion (A) : Temperature is a measure of degree of hotness of our body.
Reason (R): We use a clinical thermometer to measure the degree of hotness of our body.
Q4. Assertion (A) : When metallic objects are touched in winter, they give a colder sensation as
compared to wooden objects.
Reason (R) : Metals conduct heat faster than wood.
Q5. Assertion (A) : The aluminium, iron and copper are bad conductor of heat.
Reason (R) : The materials through which heat can pass easily are known as good conductors of heat.
Q6. Assertion (A) : Dark coloured objects absorb more heat than light coloured objects.
Reason (R) : We feel more comfortable in light coloured clothes in summer.
Q7. Assertion (A): The body temperature of every person is not 370C.
Reason (R): It is an average temperature of human body.
Q8. Assertion (A) : We cannot receive heat from the Sun through convection.
Reason (R) : Sun is too far away from Earth.
Q9. Assertion (A): A metal ball cannot be heated by convection.
Reason (R): Transfer of heat takes place by the process conduction in solids.
Q10. Assertion (A): Houses constructed in the coastal areas have windows facing towards sea.
Reason (R): Sea breeze occurs during the daytime.
Ch – Forests – Our Lifeline
Q1. Assertion (A): Different layers of vegetation are sources of food and shelter for animals, birds and
insects.
Reason (R): The animals like boar, bison, jackals and elephants live in deeper areas of forests.
Q2. Assertion (A): Forests do not influence the climate and water cycle.
Reason (R): Forests do not bring rain.
Q3. Assertion (A): All animals depend ultimately on plants for food.
Reason (R): Organisms which feed on plants afterwards get eaten by other organisms and so on.
Q4. Assertion (A): There is no waste in forests.
Reason (R): When an animal dies in the forest, it becomes food for vultures, crows, jackals and
insects.
Q5. Assertion (A) : Forests protect the soil from erosion.
Reason (R) : Soil helps forests to grow and regenerate.
Q6. Assertion (A): To prevent hunting, is not wildlife conservation in the real sense.
Reason (R): Some animals may multiply to the extent that they exhaust the food supply.
Q7. Assertion (A): Red data book has a record of all animals.
Reason (R): Endangered species need to be noticed.
Q8. Assertion (A): Forests are the biodiversity hotspots.
Reason (R): Forests are the main areas where plants and animals are conserved.
Q9. Assertion (A): An ecosystem is made of all the plants, animals and microorganisms in an area.
Reason (R): Nonliving things are not a part of an ecosystem.
Q10. Assertion (A) : Neglect of our environment has led to the destruction and extinction of many
species of plants and animals.
Reason (R) : Decreasing forest area is a major reason of destruction of plants and animals.
Case Study Questions
Ch. : Nutrition in Plants
1. Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals are components of food. Three
components of food are called nutrients and are necessary for our body. All living organisms
require food. Plants can synthesis food for themselves but animals including humans cannot.
They get it from plants or animals that eat plants. Thus, humans and animals are directly or
indirectly dependent on plants. Plants are the only organisms that can prepare food for
themselves by using water, carbon dioxide and minerals. The raw materials are present in their
surroundings.
Questions:
(i) Name the components of food.
(ii) What are autotrophs?
(iii) Plants produce food by using which components?
(iv) Define autotrophic nutrition.
2. Leaves are the food factories of plants. Therefore all the raw materials must reach the leaf.
Water and minerals present in the soil are absorbed by the roots and transported to the leave.
Carbon dioxide is taken from the air through the tiny pores present on the surface of leaves.
These pores are surrounded by guard cells. Such pores are called stomata. Water and minerals
are transported to the leaves by the vessels which run like pipes through out the roots, the
stem, the branches and the leaves.
Questions:
(i) What are the food factories of plants?
(ii) Name the pigment present in the leaves.
(iii) What is the ultimate source of energy for all living organisms.
(iv) How does the leaves capture the sunlight energy?
3. Plants synthesis carbohydrates through the process of photosynthesis. The carbohydrates are
made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. There are used to synthesis other components of food
such as proteins and fats. But proteins are nitrogenous substances which contain nitrogen.
Nitrogen is present in abundance in gaseous form in the air.
Questions:
(i) Carbohydrates are made up of which components?
(ii) Which organisms convert gaseous nitrogen into usable form?
(iii) How does desert plants reduce loss of water by transpiration?
(iv) How do plants fulfill their requirements of nitrogen?
4. Oxygen which is essential for the survival of all organisms is produced during photosynthesis.
In the absence of photosynthesis, life would be impossible on the earth. During photosynthesis,
chlorophyll containing cells of leaves, in the presence of sunlight, use carbon dioxide and water
to synthesis carbohydrates. The process can be represented in an equation. During the process
oxygen is released. The presence of starch in leaves indicates the occurrence of photosynthesis.
Starch is also a carbohydrate.
Questions:
(i) Name the organism which can produce oxygen.
(ii) Which component is essential for the survival of all living organisms?
(iii) Write the chemical equation taking place during photosynthesis.
(iv) What are the byproducts of photosynthesis?
Ch. : Acids, bases and Salts
1. Priya’s father was suffering from severe stomach pain. He was showing symptoms of heart
burn and indigestion. He consulted a doctor who told him that he was suffering from acidity
and advised him to take an antacid tablet after each meal. Priya’s father followed the advice
strictly and was cured.
Questions:
(i) Which acid is produced in our stomach?
(ii) What is an antacid?
(iii) What is the nature of milk of magnesia?
(iv) Explain how an antacid tablet gave relief to Priya’s father?
2. Salt an ionic compound that results from the neutralisation reaction of an acid and a base. It is
composed of related numbers of cations (positively charged ions) and anions (negative ions) so
that the product is electrically neutral (without a net charge).
Questions:
(i) What happens when a solution of an acid is mixed with a solution of base in a test tube?
(ii) Is sodium carbonate a basic salt or an acidic salt?
(iii) Write an example of neutralization reaction.
3. Special types of substances are used to test whether a substance is acidic or basic. These
substances are known as indicators. The indicators change their colour when added to a
solution containing on acidic or a basic substance. Turmeric, litmus, china rose petals etc. are
some of the naturally occurring indicators.
Questions:
(i) Litmus is a natural dye. From which plant it is extracted?
(ii) A solution changes the colour of turmeric indicator from yellow to red. What is the
nature of solution?
(iii) How does a base effects the colour of blue and red litmus?
(iv) What is effect of acid on red and blue litmus paper?
4. Curd, lemon juice, orange juice and vinegar taste sour. These substances taste sour because
they contain acids. Same substances are bitter in taste and feel soapy to touch. These are
known as bases. We use such types of substances in our daily life. Some are edible and some
are not.
Questions:
(i) What is the correct method of diluting an acid?
(ii) Which acid is present in our stomach?
(iii) What is the main difference between acid and bases?
(iv) Write some examples of basic substance which we use in our daily life.
Ch. : Motion and Time
1. The smallest time interval that can be measured with commonly available clocks and watches
is one second. However now special clocks are available that can measure time intervals
smaller than a second. Some of these can measure time intervals as small as one millionth or
even one billionth of a second.
Questions:
(i) One microsecond is equal to ________________.
(ii) The time measuring devices used in sports can measure time intervals of _____________.
(iii) What is time period?
(iv) Name the device which can be used to measure the time period of a simple pendulum.
3. While going for a school picnic, Pahali decide to note the reading on the meters on the
dashboard of the bus every 30 minutes till the end of the journey. The speedometer record the
speed directly. The odometer reads 2552 km initially. After 30 minutes the odometer reads
2574 km. On reaching the destination after one hour, the odometer reads 2605 km.
Questions:
(i) What is an odometer?
(ii) Find the distance covered by the bus in first 30 minutes.
(iii) Find the speed of the bus.
(iv) What is the unit in which speedometer records speed of a vehicle?
4. Last Sunday, Priyanka decided to go outside with her family for the dinner in some particular
restaurant. Then, she thought to go through her own car. So while moving she increased the
speed of the car from 36 km/h to 54 km/h./ All of sudden, a rickshaw came in front of her car
but due to applying brakes at the right time, both of them got safe from meeting with an
accident.
Questions:
(i) Calculate the increase in speed of the car in m/s.
(ii) What is speed?
(iii) What is meant by uniform motion?
Ch Nutrition in Animals
1. Read the given passage below and answer the question:
The small intestine is highly coiled structure. It is about 7.5 metres long. It receives secretions
from the liver and the pancreas. The liver is a reddish brown gland located in the upper part of
the abdomen on the right side. The pancreas is a large cream coloured gland located just below
the stomach that secretes the pancreatic juice.
Questions:
Q1. Name some glands associated with the alimentary canal. (1)
Q2. In small intestine which juice completes the digestion of all components of the food?
(1)
Q3. Write important functions of pancreatic juice and bile. (2)
2. Read the given passage below and answer the question:
Animal nutrition includes nutrient requirement, mode of intake of food and its utilisation in the
body. The components of food such as carbohydrates are complex substances. These complex
substances cannot be utilised as such. So they are broken down into simpler substances. The
breakdown of complex components of food into simpler substances is called digestion.
Questions:
Q1. Name the component of food required by the human body for the growth and repair and
the cells. (1)
Q2. Define digestion. (1)
Q3. How do animals get their food? (2)
3. Read the given passage below and answer the question:
The food passes through a continuous canal which begins at the buccal cavity and ends at the
anus. The canal can be divided into various compartments: (1) the buccal cavity, (2) food pipe
or oesophagus, (3) stomach, (4) small intestine, (5) large intestine ending in the rectum and (6)
the anus. It is not a very long path. These parts together form alimentary canal (digestive tract).
The food components gradually get digested as food travels through the various
compartments.
Questions:
Q1. Which types of juices convert complex food substances into simpler ones? (1)
Q2. How stomach is protected against the action of hydrochloric acid? (1)
Q3. Name any four compartments in which alimentary canal is divided. (2)
Ch – Heat
1. Read the given passage below and answer the question:
Vinay with a group of adventurous friends, went to river rafting in Manali in winters. There the
tented accommodations on the river bank. Every tent had a room heater; the travellers were
advised to place room heaters at the ground level for effective heating. At night it was chilling
so, bonfire was arranged by the camp owner for the travellers to provide warmth in open cool
spaces. When Vinay was sitting beside a campfire, his body facing the fire got hot while the side
facing away from the fire stays cold.
Questions:
Q1. Name any two methods of transfer of heat. (1)
Q2. Why is it not advised to place heater at a height? (1)
Q3. Why Vinay’s body facing the fire got hot while the side facing away from the fire stays
cold? (2)
2. Read the given passage below and answer the question:
A reliable measure of the hotness of an object is its temperature. Temperature is measured by
a device called a thermometer. The thermometer used to measure human body temperature is
known as clinical thermometer. A clinical thermometer is made up of a long and narrow glass
tube. It has a special feature called a kink just above the mercury bulb. This kink prevents
immediate backflow of the mercury from the tube to the bulb, thus allowing us to read the
temperature conveniently. The normal body temperature of a healthy person is 370 C or
98.60 F.
Questions:
Q1. Define temperature? (1)
Q2. What is a clinical thermometer? (1)
Q3. What is the normal temperature of the human body? (1)
Q4. What is the use of kink in a clinical thermometer? (1)
3. Read the given passage below and answer the question:
The people living in the coastal areas experience an interesting phenomenon. During the day,
the land gets heated faster than the water. The air over the land becomes hotter and rises up.
The cooler air from the sea rushes in towards the land to take its place. The warm air from the
land moves towards the sea to complete the cycle.
At night it is exactly the reverse. The water cools down more slowly than the land. So, the cool
air from the land moves towards the sea.
Questions:
Q1. Where do land breeze and sea breeze occur? (1)
Q2. When does land breeze occur? (1)
Q3. Explain sea breeze. (2)
Ch – ForestsOur Lifeline :
1. Read the given passage below and answer the question:
One Sunday morning, some students packed a few things like a knife, a hand lens, a stick, a
notebook and walked together through a forest trail near a village. On their way, they met Tibu,
a young boy of their age group, of nearby village, who was taking cattle for grazing along with
his aunt. He was very agile, running here and there to keep the herd together. When he saw the
children, Tibu also started walking along with them. Tibu told them that many animals like
boar, bison, jackals, porcupine, elephants, etc., live in the deeper areas of the forest.
Questions:
Q1. What are the lungs of nature which also serves as water purifying systems? (1)
Q2. Why did students pack some stuffs (things) with them? (1)
Q3. Name any four products we obtain from forests. (2)
2. Read the given passage below and answer the question:
There are several organisms and microorganisms that live in the soil. Students wondered
what mushroom and other microorganism eat. Prof Ahmad replied that they feed upon the
dead plant and animal tissues and convert them into a dark coloured substance called humus.
The microorganisms which convert the dead plants and animals to humus are known as
decomposers. These microorganisms play an important role in the forest. Soon, students
removed some dead leaves and discovered under them a layer of humus on forest floor.
Questions:
Q1. What are decomposers? (1)
Q2. What did the presence of humus ensures? (1)
Q3. What types of living organisms are found in forests? (1)
3. Read the given passage below and answer the question:
Prof Ahmad explained that plants release oxygen through the process of photosynthesis. The
plants help to provide oxygen for animal respiration. They also maintain the balance of oxygen
and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. That is why forests are called lungs. The children saw
clouds forming in the sky. Trees take in water from their roots and release water vapour into
the air through evaporation. If there were fewer trees, how will the water cycle be affected?
Prof told them that the forest is not just home to plants and animals, many people also live in
the forest.
Questions:
Q1. Define photosynthesis. (1)
Q2. How forests regenerate and grow? (1)
Q3. How forests are beneficial for human beings? (1)
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