Frame-Mode MPLS

Implementation on
Cisco IOS Platforms

Configuring Frame-Mode MPLS on Cisco IOS Platforms

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CCNP SP – MPLS Bachkhoa Networking Academy
Outline
–Overview
–What Are MPLS Configuration Tasks?
–Configuring the MPLS ID on a Router
–Configuring MPLS on a Frame-Mode Interface
–Configuring a Label-Switching MTU
–Configuring IP TTL Propagation
–Configuring Conditional Label Distribution
–Configuring Frame-Mode MPLS on Switched WAN Media
–Summary

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MPLS Configuration Tasks

 Mandatory:
–Enable CEF switching
–Configure LDP on every label-enabled interface

 Optional:
–Configure the MPLS ID
–Configure MTU size for labeled packets
–Configure IP TTL propagation
–Configure conditional label advertising

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Configuring the MPLS ID on a Router

Router(config)#
mpls ldp router-id interface [force]

Specifies a preferred interface for determining the LDP

router ID:
• Parameters
– interface: Causes the IP address of the specified interface to be
used as the LDP router ID, provided that the interface is
operational
– force: Alters the behavior of the mpls ldp router-id
command to force the use of the named interface as the LDP
router ID

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Configuring MPLS on a Frame-Mode

Interface
Router(config-if)#
mpls ip

• Enables label switching on a frame-mode interface

• Starts LDP on the interface

Router(config-if)#
mpls label protocol [tdp | ldp | both]

• Starts selected label distribution protocol on the specified interface

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Configuring MPLS on a Frame-Mode
Interface: Example 1

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Configuring MPLS on a Frame-Mode
Interface: Example 2

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Verifying MPLS on a Frame-Mode
Interface: Example
PE51(config)# int ser 0/0.111
PE51(config-if)# mpls ip
PE51(config-if)# mpls label protocol ldp
PE51(config-if)#^Z

PE51#show running-config int ser 0/0.111

Building configuration...
Current configuration : 165 bytes
!
interface Serial0/0.111 point-to-point
ip address [Link] [Link]
mpls label protocol ldp
tag-switching ip
frame-relay interface-dlci 111
end
PE51#

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Configuring a Label-Switching MTU

Router(config-if)#
mpls mtu bytes

• Label switching increases the maximum MTU requirements on an

interface because of the additional label header.
• Interface MTU is automatically increased on WAN interfaces;
IP MTU is automatically decreased on LAN interfaces.
• Label-switching MTU can be increased on LAN interfaces (resulting
in jumbo frames) to prevent IP fragmentation.
• The jumbo frames are not supported by all LAN switches.

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Configuring Label-Switching MTU:
Example

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Conditional Label Distribution
Configuration
Router(config)#
mpls ldp advertise-labels [for prefix-access-list [to peer-
access-list]]

• By default, labels for all destinations are announced to all LDP or TDP
neighbors.
• This command enables you to selectively advertise some labels to
some LDP or TDP neighbors.
• Conditional label advertisement works only over frame-mode
interfaces.
• Parameters:
– for prefix-access-list—The IP access list that selects the
destinations for which the labels will be generated
– to peer-access-list—The IP access list that selects the MPLS
neighbors that will receive the labels

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Conditional Label Distribution
Configuration: Example
–The customer is already running IP infrastructure.
–MPLS is needed only to support MPLS VPN services:
•Labels should be generated only for loopback interfaces
(BGP next hops) of all routers.
•All loopback interfaces are in one contiguous address block
([Link]/24).

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Conditional Label Distribution
Configuration Steps

 Step 1: Enable CEF and label switching.

ip cef ip cef
!
interface serial 0/0
mpls ipmpls ip
!
interface serial 0/1
mpls ipmpls ip
!
interface ethernet 1/0
mpls ipmpls ip

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Conditional Label Distribution

Configuration Steps (Cont.)
 Step 2: Enable conditional label advertisement.

!
! Disable default advertisment mechanism
!
no mpls no
ldpmpls
advertise-labels
ldp advertise-labels
!
! Configure conditional advertisments
!
mpls
mpls ldp
ldp advertise-labels
advertise-labels for for 90
90 to
to 91
91
!!
access-list
access-list9090permit
permitip192.168.254.0
[Link].0.0.255
[Link]
access-list
access-list9191permit
permitipany
any

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Configuring Frame-Mode MPLS on
Switched WAN Media
Why:
–Run MPLS over ATM networks that do not
support MPLS.
–This could be the potential first phase in ATM network
migration.
How:
–Configure MPLS over ATM point-to-point subinterfaces on the
routers.

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Summary
–Some of the MPLS configuration tasks are mandatory and some are
optional.
–The command mpls ldp router-id interface [force] specifies a preferred
interface for determining the LDP router ID.
–Use the mpls ip or tag-switching ip commands to enable MPLS
(interface level).
–Label switching increases maximum MTU size on an interface.
–TTL propagation must be disabled on ingress and egress
edge LSRs.
–Conditional label advertisement works only on frame-mode interfaces.
–When frame-mode MPLS on an ATM interface is enabled, LDP
relationships are established between the PVC endpoints and not with
the attached ATM switch.

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 Frame-Mode MPLS
Implementation on
Cisco IOS Platforms

Monitoring Frame-Mode MPLS on Cisco IOS Platforms

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CCNP SP – MPLS Bachkhoa Networking Academy
Outline
–Overview
–Monitoring MPLS
–Monitoring LDP
–Monitoring Label Switching
–Debugging MPLS and LDP
–Summary

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MPLS Monitoring Commands

Router#
show mpls ldp parameters
• Displays LDP parameters on the local router

Router#
show mpls interfaces

• Displays MPLS status on individual interfaces

Router#
show mpls ldp discovery
• Displays all discovered LDP neighbors

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MPLS Monitoring Commands:
show mpls ldp parameters

Router#show mpls ldp parameters

Protocol version: 1
Downstream label pool: min label: 16; max label:
100000
[Configured: min label: 1000; max label: 1999]
Session hold time: 180 sec; keep alive interval: 60
sec
Discovery hello: holdtime: 15 sec; interval: 5 sec
Discovery targeted hello: holdtime: 180 sec; interval:
5 sec
Downstream on Demand max hop count: 255
LDP for targeted sessions
LDP initial/maximum backoff: 15/120 sec
LDP loop detection: off

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MPLS Monitoring Commands:
show mpls interfaces
Router#show mpls interfaces
Interface Serial0/0:
IP labeling enabled (ldp)
LSP Tunnel labeling enabled
Tag Frame Relay Transport tagging not enabled
Tagging operational
Fast Switching Vectors:
IP to MPLS Fast Switching Vector
MPLS Turbo Vector
MTU = 1500
Interface Serial0/3:
IP labeling enabled (ldp)
LSP Tunnel labeling not enabled
Tag Frame Relay Transport tagging not enabled
Tagging operational
Fast Switching Vectors:
IP to MPLS Fast Feature Switching Vector
MPLS Feature Vector
MTU = 1500
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MPLS Monitoring Commands:

show mpls ldp discovery
Router#show mpls ldp discovery
Local LDP Identifier:
[Link]:0
Discovery Sources:
Interfaces:
Serial1/0.1(ldp): xmit/recv
LDP Id: [Link]:0
Serial1/0.2(ldp): xmit/recv
LDP Id: [Link]:0

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LDP Monitoring Commands

Router#
show mpls ldp neighbor
• Displays individual LDP neighbors

Router#
show mpls ldp neighbor detail
• Displays more details about LDP neighbors
Router#
show mpls ldp bindings
• Displays LIB
• show mpls ldp bindings [network {mask | length} [longer-prefixes]]
[local-label label [- label]} [remote-label label [- label] [neighbor address]
[local]

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LDP Monitoring Commands:
show mpls ldp neighbor detail

Router#show mpls ldp neighbor detail

Peer LDP Ident: [Link]:0; Local LDP Ident [Link]:0
TCP connection: [Link].646 – [Link].11000
State: Oper; Msgs sent/rcvd: 3117/3112; Downstream;
Last TIB rev sent2
Up time: 2w4d; UID: 4; Peer Id 0;
LDP discovery sources:
Serial0/0; Src IP addr: [Link]
holdtime: 15000 ms, hello interval: 5000 ms
Addresses bound to peer LDP Ident:
[Link] [Link] [Link]
Peer holdtime: 180000 ms; KA interval: 60000 ms; Peer
state: estab

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LDP Monitoring Commands:
show mpls ldp bindings

Router#show mpls ldp bindings

tib entry: [Link]/16, rev 29

local binding: label: 26
remote binding: lsr: [Link]:0, label: 26
tib entry: [Link]/32, rev 32
local binding: label: 27
remote binding: lsr: [Link]:0, label: 28
tib entry: [Link]/32, rev 33
local binding: label: 28
remote binding: lsr: [Link]:0, label: 29

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Monitoring Label Switching

Router#
show mpls forwarding-table
• Displays contents of LFIB

Router#
show ip cef detail
• Displays label or labels attached to a packet during label
imposition on edge LSR

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Monitoring Label Switching:
show mpls forwarding-table

Router#show mpls forwarding-table ?

A.B.C.D Destination prefix
detail Detailed information
interface Match outgoing interface
labels Match label values
lsp-tunnel LSP Tunnel id
next-hop Match next hop neighbor
vrf Show entries for a VPN
Routing/Forwarding instance
| Output modifiers
<cr>

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Monitoring Label Switching:
show mpls forwarding-table detail
Router#show mpls forwarding-table detail
Local Outgoing Prefix Bytes tag Outgoing Next Hop
tag tag or VC or Tunnel Id switched interface
70 Pop tag [Link]/32 0 Se0/0.111 point2point
MAC/Encaps=4/4, MTU=1504, Tag Stack{}
18F18847
No output feature configured
Per-packet load-sharing
71 Pop tag [Link]/32 0 Se0/0.111 point2point
MAC/Encaps=4/4, MTU=1504, Tag Stack{}
18F18847
No output feature configured
Per-packet load-sharing
72 16 [Link]/32 0 Se0/0.111 point2point
MAC/Encaps=4/8, MTU=1500, Tag Stack{16}
18F18847 00010000
No output feature configured
Per-packet load-sharing

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Monitoring Label Switching:

show ip cef detail
Router#show ip cef [Link] detail
[Link]/24, version 23, cached adjacency to Serial1/0.2
0 packets, 0 bytes
tag information set
local tag: 33
tag rewrite with Se1/0.2, point2point, tags imposed: {32}
via [Link], Serial1/0.2, 0 dependencies
next hop [Link], Serial1/0.2
valid adjacency
tag rewrite with Se1/0.2, point2point, tags imposed: {32}

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Debugging MPLS and LDP

Router#
debug mpls ldp ...
• Debugs TDP adjacencies, session establishment, and
label bindings exchange

Router#
debug mpls lfib …
• Debugs LFIB events: label creations, removals, rewrite,
and so on
Router#
debug mpls packets [interface]
• Debugs labeled packets switched by the router

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Summary
–The show mpls interfaces command will show only those
interfaces that have had mpls enabled.
–Use the show mpls ldp bindings command to display the LIB
table.
–Use the show mpls forwarding-table command to display the
LFIB table.
–Use the debug mpls packets command with care because it
causes fast and distributed switching to be disabled.

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Q and A

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