Adaptive Immunity Study Guide
Important “Players”: understand the role(s) of each in the immune response
• Lymphatic system
• Cytokines
• B lymphocytes (B cells)
• T lymphocytes (T cells)
• MHC I and II and CD8 and CD4
Cell-Mediated Immunity (T cells and endogenous antigens)
• T Cell Receptors (TCRs)
o NOT antibodies
o on all T cells- bind unique antigens
▪ only recognize antigen (epitope) if bound to MHC
• Helper T cells (TH)
o CD4 binds MHC II on APCs (antigen-presenting cells: B cells, macrophages, dendritic)
o Attack exogenous antigens (along with B cells)
o Activate Tc (Th1) and B cells (Th2)
• Cytotoxic T cells (Tc)
o CD8 binds MHC I (on all nucleated vertebrate animal cells)
o Attack endogenous antigens: examples?
o kill infected cell
▪ Perforin/ granzyme
▪ Trigger apoptosis
• Regulatory T cells - memory T cells- in lymphoid tissue
Humoral Immune Response (B cells and antibodies)
• Exogenous Pathogens (examples?)
• Antigen-presenting cells (APCs)
o present epitopes to TH cells
▪ Th2 activates B cells
• B cells
o B Cell Receptor (BCR): type of antibody IgD
▪ Each B cell has many copies of a unique BCR
▪ Billions of different B cells in lymph (how is that possible?)
o Antibodies: Secreted by B cells
▪ 5 classes- basic functions, differences
o Activation leads to clonal expansion (VIDEO!)
▪ Plasma cells that secrete Ab
▪ Memory B cells