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Solid Mechanics Tutorial Problems

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8 views6 pages

Solid Mechanics Tutorial Problems

Engineer

Uploaded by

Firas Abu Edam
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

ENG2011 Solid Mechanics –Tutorial 1

T1.1 A circular aluminium tube with a length of L=420 mm is loaded in


compression by forces P as shown in Figure 1. The hollow segment of length
L/3 has outside and inside diameters of 60 mm and 35 mm, respectively. The
solid segment of length 2L/3 has a diameter of 60 mm. A strain gage is placed
on the outside of the hollow segment of the bar to measure normal strains in
the longitudinal direction.
(a) If the measured strain in the hollow segment is 𝜀ℎ = 470 × 10−6, what is
the strain εs in the solid part?

Hint: The strain in the solid segment is equal to that in the hollow segment
multiplied by the ratio of the area of the hollow to that of the solid segment.
(b) What is the overall shortening δ of the bar?

(c) If the compressive stress in the bar cannot exceed 48 MPa, what is the
maximum permissible value of load P?

Figure 1

1
ENG2011 Solid Mechanics –Tutorial 1

T1.2 A circular aluminium tube of length L=600 mm is loaded in compression


by forces P as shown in Figure 2(a). The outside and inside diameters are
d2=75 mm and d1=63 mm, respectively. A strain gage is placed on the outside
of the tube to measure normal strains in the longitudinal direction. Assume
that E=73 GPa and Poisson’s ratio is ν=0.33.

(a) If the compressive stress in the tube is 57 MPa, what is the load P?

(b) If the measured strain is 𝜀 = 781 × 10−6, what is the shortening δ of the
tube? What is the percent change in its cross-sectional area? What is the
volume change of the tube?

(c) If the tube has a constant outer diameter of d2=75 mm along its entire
length L but now has increased inner diameter d3 with a normal stress of
70 MPa over the middle third as shown in Figure 2(b), while the rest of the
tube remains at normal stress of 57 MPa, what is the diameter d3?

Figure 2

2
ENG2011 Solid Mechanics –Tutorial 1

T1.3 An elastometric bearing pad consisting of two steel plates bonded to a


chloroprene elastomer (an artificial rubber) is subjected to a shear force V
during a static loading test (see Figure 3). The pad has dimensions, a=125
mm and b=240 mm, and the elastomer has a thickness t=50 mm. When the
force V equals 12 kN, the top plate is found to have displaced laterally 8.0 mm
with respect to the bottom plate.
What is the shear modulus of elasticity G of the chloroprene?

Figure 3

3
ENG2011 Solid Mechanics –Tutorial 1

T1.4 A bar of solid circular cross section is loaded in tension by forces P as


shown in Figure 4. The bar has a length L=380 mm and diameter d=6 mm.
The material is a magnesium alloy having a modulus of elasticity E=42.7 GPa.
The allowable stress in tension is σallow=89.6 MPa, and the elongation of the
bar must not exceed 0.8 mm.
What is the allowable value of the forces P?

Figure 4

4
ENG2011 Solid Mechanics –Tutorial 1

T1.5 A torque T0 is transmitted between two flanged shafts by means of ten


20-mm bolts as shown in Figure 5. The diameter of the bolt circle is d=250
mm. If the allowable shear stress in the bolts is 85 MPa, what is the maximum
permissible torque? N.B. the friction between the flanges is disregarded.

Figure 5

5
ENG2011 Solid Mechanics –Tutorial 1

T1.6 A tie-down on the deck of a sailboat consists of a bent bar bolted at both
ends as shown in Figure 6. The diameter dB of the bar is 6 mm, the diameter
dW of the washers is 22 mm, and the thickness t of the fiberglass deck is 10
mm. If the allowable shear stress in the fiberglass is 2.1 MPa, and the
allowable bearing pressure between the washer and the fiberglass is 3.8
MPa, what is the allowable load Pallow on the tie-down?

Figure 6

Common questions

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The overall shortening δ of the bar can be determined by the product of the strain (ε), initial length (L), and cross-sectional area if necessary, expressed as δ = ε * L .

The compressive stress directly correlates to measured strain through the modulus of elasticity, allowing the determination of related load by rearranging the stress-strain relation (σ = E * ε) for the load .

Calculate the force in the bolts using the allowable shear stress multiplied by the bolt's cross-sectional area, and then determine the torque using T = F * radius, where radius is the distance from the bolt to the shaft center .

The shear modulus of elasticity G can be calculated using the formula G = V / (A * Δx / t), where V is the shear force, A is the area in contact with the force, Δx is the lateral displacement, and t is the thickness of the elastomer .

To calculate the maximum permissible load P, determine the cross-sectional area of the segment in consideration, then use the maximum allowable stress (48 MPa) to find P by multiplying this stress by the cross-sectional area .

To find the diameter of the inner segment, apply the standard stress formula to each section, using given stresses and the outer diameter. The section experiencing a different stress (70 MPa) is used to solve for the inner diameter by rearranging the stress equation .

The allowable load Pallow can be determined by evaluating both the shear stress and bearing pressure criteria separately, and then taking the lower value of load that satisfies both criteria .

Calculate the load using both the stress limit and the elongation constraint, ensuring that the applied load does not exceed the stress limit of 89.6 MPa or produce an elongation exceeding 0.8 mm, then choose the lowest load value .

The strain in the solid segment can be determined by multiplying the strain in the hollow segment by the ratio of the area of the hollow segment to the area of the solid segment .

Consider the generated stress distributions across the tube, the changes in cross-sectional areas, the resulting strain compatibility, and whether the stresses meet allowa...

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