AEM Cloud Service Security Overview
AEM Cloud Service Security Overview
Adobe Experience ®
Manager as a Cloud
Service
Security Overview
Table of Contents
Adobe Security 2
About Adobe Experience Manager as a Cloud Service 2
About Adobe’s Container Management Platform 3
Adobe Experience Manager: Cloud Service Solution Architecture 3
Adobe Experience Manager as a Cloud Service Content Flow 5
Adobe Experience Manager as a Cloud Service Application Deployment Model 6
Adobe Experience Manager as a Cloud Service Security Architecture 7
Adobe Experience Manager as a Cloud Service Hosting and Security 9
Adobe Experience Manager as a Cloud Service Network Management 9
Data Center Physical and Environmental Controls 13
The Adobe Security Organization 15
Adobe AEM as a Cloud Service Compliance 17
Adobe Corporate Locations 19
Adobe Employees 19
Facility Security 21
Virus Protection 21
Customer Data Confidentiality 21
Conclusion 21
1
Adobe Security
At Adobe, we take the security of your digital experience very seriously. Security
practices are deeply ingrained into our internal software development and operations
processes and tools and are rigorously followed by our cross-functional teams to prevent,
detect, and respond to incidents in an expedient manner. Furthermore, our collaborative
work with partners, leading researchers, security research institutions, and other industry
organizations helps us keep up to date with the latest threats and vulnerabilities and
we regularly incorporate advanced security techniques into the products and services
we offer.
This white paper describes the defense-in-depth approach and security procedures
implemented by Adobe to bolster the security of your Adobe Experience Manager
application and your data.
With Experience Manager as a Cloud Service, your teams can focus on innovating
instead of planning for product upgrades. New product features are thoroughly tested
and delivered to your teams without any interruption so that they always have access
to the state-of-the art application.
2
About Adobe’s Container
Management Platform
To support building modern cloud-based applications that can easily run and scale
across multiple cloud infrastructure providers, Adobe has developed a container-based
application platform based on the Kubernetes container orchestration engine. Adobe
Experience Manager as a Cloud Service is built on this new container-based platform.
This container platform provides core security functionality built-in to further strengthen
applications built upon it. This platform also provides more flexibility in implementing
stronger security and compliance controls on-the-fly without disrupting existing
applications. This platform will serve as the foundation for future versions of Adobe’s
solutions helping to ensure that industry-standard security practices are built
into everything we do.
• The architecture for AEM Sites and AEM Assets delivered as a cloud service is based on
two primary tiers:
• An Author Tier where content management takes place, for AEM Sites and AEM Assets
• A Publish Tier where experiences are delivered and consumed, for AEM Sites
The Author Tier is comprised of two or more nodes within a single Author cluster,
which scale automatically based on the volume of content management activity. The
Publish Tier includes two or more nodes within a single Publish farm, which can operate
independently from each other. Each node consists of an AEM publisher and a web server
equipped with the AEM dispatcher module and scales automatically with site traffic
requirements.
3
CDN Service
Publish Nodes
CI/CD Author Tier Author Author Author
Service AEM Sites/Assets Author Nodes
AEM Sites and AEM Assets share a common underlying architecture and can each
leverage additional, related services, including:
• Replication Service — Manages the distribution of content from the Author Tier to
the Publish Tier using a middleware pipeline. Individual Publish nodes subscribe to the
content that has been pushed to the pipeline by Author nodes.
• Adobe Identity Management Services (IMS) — AEM as a Cloud Service uses Adobe
Identity Management Services for authentication and also supports legacy LDAP-
compliant systems, SAML-compliant systems, and SSO.
• Content Delivery Network (CDN) Service — Allows AEM as Cloud Service to cache
content and deliver it to site visitors, along with industry-leading traffic routing
capabilities and network security.
4
• Content Repository Service — Provides a single, central repository for content created
and published with AEM as a Cloud service. The Publish Tier only reads from the
repository, while the Author Tier reads from as well as writes to it. BLOB storage, which
hosts the actual files, is shared across both tiers.
• Asset Compute Service — Offloads ingestion and processing of content assets that are
uploaded to AEM as a Cloud Service.
1. The developers configure the page templates to be used later for creating web
content and web experiences. They develop the presentation templates for the main
components, using the Sightly open-source templating language;
2. The content authors log into the Author Tier and create web pages, content fragments,
experience fragments that get stored in the AEM as a Cloud Service content repository;
3. Once the content is previewed and approved in the Author Tier, it is then pushed to the
Publish Tier to be included in the main Web experiences
4. Consumers and site visitors interact with the content in the form of web pages,
HTML fragments, or APIs that can deliver content in a specific format for third-party
applications (e.g., JSON)
Visitor
CDN Service
Content Delivery
Dispatcher Dispatcher
Publish Tier
AEM Sites Publisher Publisher
Content Replication
5
Adobe Experience Manager
as a Cloud Service Application
Deployment Model
When Adobe releases a new version of AEM as a Cloud Service or the customer updates
an existing or releases a new version of their application, Cloud Manager creates a new
build for the customer application and deploys it to both the Author and the Publish
services
Cloud Manager implements a deployment pipeline to do this, which is coupled with each
environment within an application. When a Cloud Manager pipeline is running, it creates
a fresh version of the customer application by combining the latest customer packages
with the latest baseline Adobe image. When the new application is built and tested, Cloud
Manager automates the cutover to the latest version of the application, updating all
service nodes using a rolling update pattern. Using this method, Adobe helps ensure no
downtime for either the Author or the Publish service.
Performance Testing
6
Adobe Experience Manager as a
Cloud Service Security Architecture
The AEM as a Cloud Service security model includes tenant- and node-level isolation for
all services. Each AEM as a Cloud Service tenant exists within its own isolated namespace,
including its own networking policies, computing, and storage.
End consumers of content access AEM as a Cloud Service through a CDN that provides
caching for better performance.
CDN CDN
Firewall
Tenant Cluster
Network Policies and Ingress Routes
Per Tenant
Environment Namespace
Publisher Publisher
Publish Service
Data Encryption
All data in transit between AEM as a Cloud Service and external components is conducted
over secure, encrypted connections using TLS. All data at-rest is encrypted by the cloud
service provider.
7
In addition, AEM includes a FIPS compliant crypto library and has support for a system-
wide encryption key, which can be used to encrypt any data in the AEM content
repository, e.g., configurations or any application data. Local user passwords are hashed
using a configurable algorithm.
User Authentication
Access to AEM as a Cloud Service requires authentication with a username and password.
We continually work with our development teams to implement new protections based
on evolving authentication standards. Users can access AEM as a Cloud Service in one of
two different types of user-named licensing:
Enterprise IDs leverage the SHA-256 hash algorithm in combination with password
salts and a large number of hash iterations. Adobe continually monitors Adobe-hosted
accounts for unusual or anomalous account activity and evaluates this information to
help quickly mitigate threats to their security. For Federated ID accounts, Adobe does not
manage the users’ passwords.
More information about Adobe IMS can be found in the Adobe Identity Management
Services Security Overview.
8
Once given access to AEM as a Cloud Service, the user accounts can be leveraged as in the
non-cloud-hosted version of AEM, including setting up roles and permissions. In addition,
all user profile information is centralized in Adobe IMS, but user privileges and AEM group
memberships that are used to define the roles of users remain local to each particular
instance of AEM as a Cloud Service.
Canada Netherlands
US East
Australia
Core Sites
9
Service application. All other access to the application and content servers is made
only by authorized Adobe personnel and is conducted via encrypted channels over
secure management connections. We also separate our testing environments from our
production environments to avoid use of customer content in testing environments.
Secure Management
Adobe deploys dedicated network connections from our corporate offices to our data
center facilities in order to enable secure management of the AEM as a Cloud Service.
All management connections to the servers occur over encrypted TLS channels
only accessible from the Adobe corporate network. All access requires two-factor
authentication.
Outbound traffic is only allowed on HTTPS, NAT masks the true IP address of a server
from the client connecting to it.
The load balancers proxy incoming HTTPS connections and also distribute requests that
enable the network to handle momentary load spikes without service disruption. Adobe
implements fully redundant firewalls and load balancers, reducing the possibility that a
single device failure can disrupt the flow of traffic.
AEM as a Cloud Service also offers reliable protection against (distributed) denial-of-
service (DDoS) attacks on three different levels:
• Edge filtering all non-HTTP/HTTPS traffic to block disruptive Layer 3 and Layer 4
attacks
• Protection against generic Layer 7 threats enforced by logic running on the CDNs cache
nodes
• Additional Layer 7 filtering throughout the network stack to mitigate AEM specific
attack vectors
See “DDoS mitigation” for more information about Edge filtering provided by the built-in
CDN in AEM as a Cloud Service
10
Non-routable, Private Addressing
Adobe maintains all servers containing customer data on servers with non-routable IP
addresses (RFC 1918). These private addresses, combined with NAT and internal network
policies, prevent an individual server on the network from being directly addressed from
the Internet, greatly reducing the potential vectors of attack.
Intrusion Detection
Adobe deploys Intrusion Detection System (IDS) sensors at critical points in the Adobe
AEM network to detect and alert our security team to unauthorized attempts to access the
network. The security team follows up on intrusion notifications by validating the alert and
inspecting the AEM Cloud platform for any sign of compromise. Adobe regularly updates
all sensors and monitors them for proper operation.
Service Monitoring
Adobe monitors all of our servers, routers, switches, load balancers, and other critical
network equipment on the Adobe AEM network 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, 365 days
a year (24x7x365). The Adobe Network Operations Center (NOC) receives notifications
from the various monitoring systems and will immediately attempt to fix an issue or
escalate the issue to the appropriate Adobe personnel. Additionally, Adobe contracts with
multiple third parties to perform external monitoring.
In addition, AEM Cloud as a Service uses state of the art technologies and industry leading
providers for application specific monitoring and alerting. SLIs and SLOs are constantly
tracked and violations results in alerts with the right severity.
Data Backups
Adobe backs up customer data or AEM as a Cloud Service daily using snapshots. Each
snapshot is stored up to seven (7) days. The combination of backup procedures provides
quick recovery from short-term backup as well as off-site protection of data.
Change Management
Adobe uses a change management tool to schedule modifications, helping increase
communication between teams that share resource dependencies and inform relevant
parties of pending changes. In addition, Adobe uses the change management tool to
schedule maintenance blackouts away from periods of high network traffic.
11
Patch Management
In order to automate patch distribution to host computers within the Adobe AEM
organization, Adobe uses internal patch and package repositories as well as industry-
standard patch and configuration management. Depending on the role of the host and the
criticality of pending patches, Adobe distributes patches to hosts at deployment and on a
regular patch schedule. If required, Adobe releases and deploys emergency patch releases
on short notice.
For AEM as a Cloud Service instances, product updates, including security updates, are
applied through the deployment pipeline (see above section on the deployment model
for more details.
Access Controls
Only authorized users within the Adobe intranet or remote users who have completed the
multi-factor authentication process to create a VPN connection can access administrative
tools. In addition, Adobe logs all Adobe AEM production server connections for
auditing. Our standard policy is to retain logs for one year. For AEM Cloud as a Service
environments, Adobe makes built-in security features available to implement permissions
and access control using groups and privileges.
Logging
In order to protect against unauthorized access and modification, Adobe captures and
manages network logs, OS-related logs, and intrusion detections using industry-standard
tools. Adobe periodically reviews log storage capacity and expands storage capacity if,
and when, required. We harden all systems that generate logs and restrict access to logs
and logging software to authorized Adobe Digital Marketing Information Security Team
personnel. Adobe retains raw logs for one year and all logs are managed and accessed
only by Adobe personnel. Customers can also retrieve AEM as a Cloud Service logs
(e.g. access log, debug log) from Cloud Manager. These logs are maintained for the period
agreed in your customer service agreement.
Disaster Recovery
AEM as a Cloud Service offers support for the following disaster scenarios:
Hardware failure
Handled by underlying Cloud Provider (e.g. Azure, AWS) and Container Orchestration
(e.g. Kubernetes) infrastructure, i.e. each component is deployed across multiple
physical nodes.
12
Data corruption
Synchronization of backups will be achieved by running an automated alignment
procedure. AEM as a Cloud Service will allow to restore either at a snapshot (RPO) or
point in time (PIT). RPO will restore the Author and Publish tiers at a backup timestamp.
Point in time will restore the Author and Publish tiers to an arbitrary timestamp.
In-Region Protection
The Segment Store, Blob Store and Pipeline clusters are natively geo-redundant.
Database snapshots of the Author tier node store are automatically replicated to the
Cloud Provider’s blob containers, which too, are geo-replicated to a secondary region.
In case of failure of an entire Cloud Provider region, data loss or corruption in the main
storage account, the backup storage account can be used to quickly restore the tenant
environment.
In Admin Console, administrators can manage Cloud Manager access for users with
specific roles using product profiles. They can also manage AEM environment access as
a regular user or an AEM administrator using profiles.
13
Fire Suppression
All data center facilities must employ an air-sampling, fast-response smoke detector
system that alerts facility personnel at the first sign of a fire. In addition, each facility must
install a pre-action, dry-pipe sprinkler system with double interlock to ensure no water is
released into a server area without the activation of a smoke detector and the presence of
heat.
Controlled Environment
Every data center facility must include an environmentally controlled environment,
including temperature humidity control and fluid detection. Adobe requires a completely
redundant heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system and 24x7x365 facility
teams to handle environmental issues promptly that might arise. If the environmental
parameters move outside those defined by Adobe, environmental monitors alert both
Adobe and the facility’s Network Operations Center (NOC).
Video Surveillance
All facilities that contain product servers for Adobe AEM must provide video surveillance
to monitor entry and exit point access, at a minimum. Adobe asks that data center
facilities also monitor physical access to equipment. Adobe may review video logs when
issues or concerns arise in order to determine access.
Backup Power
Multiple power feeds from independent power distribution units help to ensure
continuous power delivery at every Adobe-owned or Adobe-leased data center facility.
Adobe also requires automatic transition from primary to backup power and that this
transition occurs without service interruption. Adobe requires each data center facility
to provide redundancy at every level, including generators and diesel fuel contracts.
Additionally, each facility must conduct regular testing of its generators under load to
ensure availability of equipment.
14
The Adobe Security Organization
As part of our commitment to the security of our products and services, Adobe
coordinates all security efforts under the Chief Security Officer (CSO). The office of the
CSO coordinates all product and service security initiatives and the implementation of the
Adobe Secure Product Lifecycle (SPLC).
The CSO also manages the Adobe Secure Software Engineering Team (ASSET), a
dedicated, central team of security experts who serve as consultants to key Adobe
product and operations teams, including the Adobe AEM team. ASSET researchers work
with individual Adobe product and operations teams to strive to achieve the right level
of security for products and services and advise these teams on security practices for
clear and repeatable processes for development, deployment, operations, and incident
response.
Incident Product & Enterprise Security Risk, Audit Corporate Commerce TechOps
Services Marketing Tools &
Response Security Security Services & Advisory Security & Identity Security
15
Adobe Secure Product Lifecycle
The Adobe SPLC activities include, depending on the specific Adobe AEM component,
some or all of the following recommended best practices, processes, and tools:
• Service roadmaps, security tools, and testing methods that guide the Adobe AEM
security team to help address the Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP)
Top 10 most critical web application security flaws and CWE/SANS Top 25 most
dangerous software errors
• Source code reviews to help eliminate known flaws that could lead to vulnerabilities
• Full readiness review, response plans, and release of developer education materials
Training
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Adobe Software Security Certification Program
As part of the Adobe SPLC, Adobe conducts ongoing security training within development
teams to enhance security knowledge throughout the company and improve the overall
security of our products and services. Employees participating in the Adobe Software
Security Certification Program attain different certification levels by completing security
projects.
The program has four levels, each designated by a colored ‘belt’: white, green, brown,
and black. The white and green levels are achieved by completing computer-based
training. The higher brown and black belt levels require completion of months- or year-
long hands-on security projects. Employees attaining brown and black belts become
security champions and experts within their product teams. Adobe updates training on a
regular basis to reflect new threats and mitigations, as well as new controls and software
languages.
Various teams within the Adobe AEM organization participate in additional security
training and workshops to increase awareness of how security affects their specific roles
within the organization and the company as a whole.
17
Current Regulations and Compliance for Adobe AEM
as a Cloud Service
For the most up-to-date information about AEM as a Cloud Service compliance, please
see the Adobe Master Compliance List: [Link]
security/pdfs/[Link]
Ultimately, the customer is responsible for ensuring their compliance with their legal
obligations, that our solutions meet their compliance needs, and that they secure the
solutions in an appropriate way.
Penetration Testing
Adobe approves and engages with leading third-party security firms to perform
penetration testing that can uncover potential security vulnerabilities and improve the
overall security of Adobe products and services. Upon receipt of the report provided by
the third party, Adobe documents these vulnerabilities, evaluates severity and priority, and
then creates a mitigation strategy or remediation plan. Adobe conducts a full penetration
test annually.
Penetration tests are conducted at least annually or after every major release.
Vulnerability scans are performed monthly while web and database scans are performed
quarterly.
Internally, the Adobe AEM security team performs a risk assessment of all Adobe AEM
components quarterly and prior to every release. The AEM security team partners with
technical operations and development leads to help ensure all high-risk vulnerabilities
are mitigated prior to each release. For more information on Adobe penetration testing
procedures, see the Adobe Secure Engineering Overview white paper.
18
Incident Response and Notification
New vulnerabilities and threats evolve each day and Adobe strives to respond to mitigate
newly discovered threats. In addition to subscribing to industry-wide vulnerability
announcement lists, including US-CERT, Bugtraq, and SANS, Adobe also subscribes to the
latest security alert lists issued by major security vendors.
For more detail on Adobe’s incident response and notification process, please see the
Adobe Incident Response Overview.
Forensic Analysis
For incident investigations, the Adobe AEM team adheres to the Adobe forensic analysis
process that includes complete image capture or memory dump of an impacted
machine(s), evidence safe-holding, and chain-of-custody record.
Physical Security
Every Adobe corporate office location employs on-site guards to protect the premises
24x7. Adobe employees carry a key card ID badge for building access. Visitors enter
through the front entrance, sign in and out with the receptionist, display a temporary
Visitor ID badge, and are accompanied by an employee. Adobe keeps all server
equipment, development machines, phone systems, file and mail servers, and other
sensitive systems locked at all times in environment-controlled server rooms accessible
only by appropriate, authorized staff members.
Virus Protection
Adobe scans all inbound and outbound corporate email for known malware threats.
Adobe Employees
Adobe maintains employees and offices around the world and implements the following
processes and procedures company-wide to protect the company against security threats:
19
Employee Access to Customer Data
Adobe maintains segmented development and production environments for Adobe AEM,
using technical controls to limit network and application-level access to live production
systems. Employees have specific authorizations to access development and production
systems, and employees with no legitimate business purpose are restricted from accessing
these systems.
Background Checks
Adobe obtains background check reports for employment purposes. The specific
nature and scope of the report that Adobe typically seeks includes inquiries regarding
educational background, work history, court records, including criminal conviction
records and references obtained from professional and personal associates, each as
permitted by applicable law. These background check requirements apply to regular U.S.
new hire employees, including those who will be administering systems or have access
to customer information. New U.S. temporary agency workers are subject to background
check requirements through the applicable temporary agency, in compliance with Adobe’s
background screen guidelines. Outside the U.S., Adobe conducts background checks
on certain new employees in accordance with Adobe’s background check policy and
applicable local laws.
Employee Termination
When an employee leaves Adobe, the employee’s manager submits an exiting worker
form. Once approved, Adobe People Resources initiates an email workflow to inform
relevant stakeholders to take specific actions leading up to the employee’s last day. In
the event Adobe terminates an employee, Adobe People Resources sends a similar
email notification to relevant stakeholders, including the specific date and time of the
employment termination.
Adobe Corporate Security then schedules the following actions to help ensure that, upon
conclusion of the employee’s final day of employment, he or she can longer access to
Adobe confidential files or offices:
Upon request, managers may ask building security to escort the terminated employee
from the Adobe office or building.
20
Facility Security
Every Adobe corporate office location employs on-site guards to protect the premises
24x7. Adobe employees carry a key card ID badge for building access. Visitors enter
through the front entrance, sign in and out with the receptionist, display a temporary
Visitor ID badge and are accompanied by an employee. Adobe keeps all server
equipment, development machines, phone systems, file and mail servers, and other
sensitive systems locked at all times in environment-controlled server rooms accessible
only by appropriate, authorized staff members.
Virus Protection
Adobe scans all inbound and outbound corporate email for known malware threats.
Conclusion
The proactive approach to security and stringent procedures described in this paper help
protect the security of the AEM as a Cloud Service solution and your confidential data. At
Adobe, we take the security of your digital experience very seriously and we continuously
monitor the evolving threat landscape to try to stay ahead of malicious activities and help
ensure the secure our customers’ data.
Information in this document is subject to change without notice. For more information on Adobe solutions and controls, please contact
your Adobe sales representative. Further details on the Adobe solution, including SLAs, change approval processes, access control
procedures, and disaster recovery processes are available.