Ratio and Unitary Method
[Link] a:b: c 3:4:7, then the ratio (a + b + c): c is equal to
Ans: 3+4+7/7=2:1
2. The number of students in 3 classes is in the ratio 2:3:4. If 12 students are increased in each
class this ratio changes to 8: 11:14. The total number of students in the three classes in the
beginning was
Ans: Let the number of students in the classes be 2x, 3x and 4x respectively;
Total students = 2x + 3x + 4x = 9x
According to the question,
(2x+12) : (3x +12) = 8:11
2x+12/ 3x+12 = 8/11
or, 24x+96=22x + 132
or, 2x = 132-96
x= 36/2 = 18
Hence,
Original number of students,
9x=9 × 18
= 162
3. A carpenter has to cut a 12 m long plank into 10 equal sections. If it takes 2 minutes 15 seconds
per cut, then how long will it take for him to get 10 equal pieces of the plank?
Ans:
One cut makes two pieces
So 5 cut makes 10 pieces
1 cut takes 2 minutes 15 seconds = 135 seconds
So 5cut takes 135×5= 675seconds = 10 minutes 75seconds.
4. If in a hostel, food is available for 45 days for 50 students. For how many days will this food be
sufficient for 75 students?
Ratio and Unitary Method
Ans: For 50 students, food is sufficient for 45 days.
For 1 student , food is sufficient for 45× 50
For 75 students, food is sufficient for 45× 50/75 = 30 days
5. In a class, the number of girls is 20% more than that of the boys. The total number of students is
66. If 4 more girls are admitted to the class, the ratio of the number of boys to that of the girls is
Explanation:
Let boys be x and girls be y
y = x + 20% of x
= x + (20/100) x
= x + 0.2x
= x(1+0.2)
= 1.2x
Given , x+ y=66
Or, x+1.2x = 66
Or, 2.2x= 66
So, x= 66/2.2 = 30
Boys = 30
Girls = 30×1.2 = 36
New ratio 30:(36+4) =3:4
6. Omar, Shapna and Charu divided a total of 900 stamps among themselves in the ratio 6:5:4,
respectively. Then, the differences between the number of stamps of Omar and Shapna is:
Explanation:
Total unit= 6+5+4 =15
Omar has 6/15 × 900 = 360
Shapna has 5/15× 900 =300
Ratio and Unitary Method
Difference= 360-300 =60 stamps
7. Shikha went to buy bricks. The rate of the bricks was 2500 taka per one thousand bricks. How
many bricks can she buy if she has only 4000 taka?
Explanation:
In 2500 taka 1000 bricks can be purchased
In 1 taka 1000/2500 bricks can be purchased
In 4000 taka (1000/2500)×4000 bricks can be purchased
= 1600 bricks
8. A distance of 1 centimetre on a map represents 100 kilometres on the ground. If two cities are
3400 kilometres apart on the ground, then their distance on the map will be
Explanation:
100 km on ground = 1 cm on map
1 km on ground = 1/100 cm on map
3400 km on ground = (1/100) × 3400 = 34 cm on ma
9. 3 men can do a piece of work in 18 days. 6 boys can also do the same work in 18 days. In how
many days, 4 men and 4 boys together will finish the work?
Explanation:
3 men = 6 boys
1 man = 2 boys
So 4 men = 4×2 = 8 boys
4 men and 4 boys means 8+4 =12 boys
Now 6 boys can do a work in 18 days
1 boy can do a work in 18×6 days
12 boys can do the work in 18×6/ 12 = 9 days
10. A dishonest milk man mixed 1 liter of water for every 3 liters of milk and thus made up 36 liters
of milk. If he now adds 15 liters of milk to mixture, find the ratio of milk and water in the new
mixture
Explanation:
Ratio and Unitary Method
Ratio of water and milk = 1:3
Water = 1/4 × 36= 9 liter
Milk = 3/4×36 = 27 liter
Adding 15 liter of milk
Ratio of milk and water = 42:9 =14:3