Module IV. Phase diagrams.
1. Alloy.
A metal made by combining two or more metallic elements, especially to give greater strength
or resistance to corrosion.
2. Solvent.
Solvents are a heterogeneous group of structurally diverse chemicals that can be used to
dilute, dissolve, or disperse other compounds. The ability of a solvent to dissolve another
molecule is dependent on the molecular structure and physical properties of both the solvent
and the solute.
3. Solute.
A solution is a homogeneous mixture consisting of a solute dissolved into a solvent. The
solute is the substance that is being dissolved, while the solvent is the dissolving medium.
4. Solidification.
Solidification, also known as freezing, is a phase change of matter that results in the
production of a solid. Generally, this occurs when the temperature of a liquid is lowered below
its freezing point.
5. Phase.
A phase is a distinct and homogeneous state of a system with no visible boundary separating
it into parts.
6. Phase diagrams.
Is a graph showing the limiting conditions for solid, liquid, and gaseous phases of a single
substance or of a mixture of substances while undergoing changes in pressure and
temperature or in some other combination of variables, such as solubility and temperature.
7. Types of Phase Diagrams (indicate two examples).
• Simple Component System- Unary Phase Diagram
• Two component System- Binary Phase Diagram
• Three Component System- Tertiary Phase Diagram
• Four Component System- Quarter Phase Diagram
• 2-dimensional diagrams: Pressure vs temperature
Unary Phase Diagram
Binary Phase Diagram
8. Lever rule.
The lever rule is a tool used to determine weight percentages of each phase of a binary equilibrium
phase diagram. It is used to determine the percent weight of liquid and solid phases for a given
binary composition and temperature that is between the liquidus and solidus. In an alloy with two
phases, α and β, which themselves contain two elements, A and B, the lever rule states that the
weight percentage of the α phase is where a is the weight percentage of element B in the α phase
b is the weight percentage of element B in the β phase c is the weight percentage of element B
in the entire alloy all at some fixed temperature.
References
1. [Link]
2. [Link]
3. [Link]
4. [Link]
5. [Link]
ook_Maps/Supplemental_Modules_(Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry)/Equilibria
/Physical_Equilibria/Phases_and_Their_Transitions/Phases
6. [Link]
7. [Link]
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8. [Link]
ween%20the%20liquidus%20and%20solidus.