CEng 3204-Reinforced Concrete Structures I

Design Examples on Design

of Ribbed slab

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 Example 1: Design Ribbed slab with permanent hollow
blocks
A typical floor system of a lecture hall is to be designed as
a ribbed slab. The joists which are spaced at 400𝑚𝑚 are
supported by girders. The overall depth of the slab without
finishing materials is 300𝑚𝑚. Imposed load of 1.5𝑘𝑁/𝑚2
for partition and fixture is considered in the design. In
addition, the floor has a floor finish material of 3𝑐𝑚
marble over a 2𝑐𝑚 cement screed and it has 2𝑐𝑚
plastering as ceiling.
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Take the unit weight of ribbed block to be 2𝑘𝑁/𝑚2 .
Use strength class 𝐶20/25 concrete and 𝑆 − 400𝑀𝑃𝑎
for steel reinforcement.

a) Analyze the ribbed slab system considering the

effects of loading pattern
b) Design the ribbed slab system and check its
serviceability limit states.

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a

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 Solution

Step 1: Determine design constants

0.85∗𝑓𝑐𝑘 0.85∗20
Material: Concrete 𝐶20/25 𝑓𝑐𝑘 = 20𝑀𝑝𝑎 𝑓𝑐𝑑 = = = 𝟏𝟏. 𝟑𝟑𝑴𝒑𝒂
𝛾𝑐 1.5
2 2
𝑓𝑐𝑡𝑘 = 0.3 ∗ 𝑓𝑐𝑘 3 = 0.3 ∗ 20 3 ≈ 2.2𝑀𝑃𝑎

𝑓𝑐𝑡𝑘0.05 = 0.7 ∗ 𝑓𝑐𝑡𝑘 = 0.7 ∗ 2.2 = 1.5𝑀𝑃𝑎

0.85∗𝑓𝑐𝑡𝑘,0.05 0.85∗2.2
𝑓𝑐𝑡𝑑 = = = 1.2467𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝛾𝑐 1.5

𝑓𝑦𝑘 400
Steel: 𝑆 − 400 𝑓𝑦𝑘 = 400𝑀𝑝𝑎 𝑓𝑦𝑑 = = 1.15 = 𝟑𝟒𝟕. 𝟖𝟑𝑴𝑷𝒂
𝛾𝑠

𝑓𝑦𝑑 347.83
𝐸𝑠 = 200,000𝑀𝑝𝑎 𝜀𝑦𝑑 = = 200,000 = 0.00174 = 1.74‰
𝐸𝑠

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Step 2: Verify if the general requirements for ribbed slab
are met using ES EN 1992-1-1:2015 section 5.3.1(6)

1) The centers of the ribs should not exceed 𝟏𝟓𝟎𝟎𝒎𝒎.

This is satisfied as the center-to-center spacing between
the ribs is 𝟒𝟎𝟎𝒎𝒎.
2) The depth of ribs excluding topping should not exceed
four times their average width. Also satisfied
as 80 ∗ 4 > 240 𝑚𝑚.

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3) The minimum rib width should be determined by consideration
of cover, bar spacing and fire resistance. BS 8110 code
recommends 125𝑚𝑚. Assume for this example the conditions
are satisfied hence assume requirement satisfied.
4) The thickness of structural topping or flange should not be less
than 50𝑚𝑚 or 1 10 of the clear distance between ribs whichever is
the greater. The minimum flange thickness of 50𝑚𝑚 may be
reduced to 40𝑚𝑚 where permanent blocks are incorporated
between the ribs. For this example 60𝒎𝒎 provided satisfies this
requirement.
5) Transverse ribs are provided at a clear spacing not exceeding
10 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑠 the overall depth of the slab.
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Step 3: Determine the design load

3.1. Loads on the joists/Ribs

Dead load

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Joist → 0.2m ∗ 0.08m ∗ 25 𝑘𝑁 𝑚3 = 0.4 𝑘𝑁 𝑚

𝑇𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑖𝑛𝑔 → 0.4𝑚 ∗ 0.06𝑚 ∗ 25 𝑘𝑁 𝑚3 = 0.6 𝑘𝑁 𝑚

𝑀𝑎𝑟𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑜𝑟 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑠𝑕 → 0.4𝑚 ∗ 0.03𝑚 ∗ 27 𝑘𝑁 𝑚3 = 0.32 𝑘𝑁 𝑚

𝐶𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑠𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑑 → 0.4𝑚 ∗ 0.02𝑚 ∗ 23 𝑘𝑁 𝑚3 = 0.184 𝑘𝑁 𝑚

𝑃𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 → 0.4𝑚 ∗ 0.02𝑚 ∗ 23 𝑘𝑁 𝑚3 = 0.184 𝑘𝑁 𝑚

𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑓𝑖𝑡𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠 → 0.4𝑚 ∗ 1.5 𝑘𝑁 𝑚2 = 0.6 𝑘𝑁 𝑚

𝑅𝑖𝑏𝑏𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑘 → 0.4𝑚 ∗ 2 𝑘𝑁 𝑚2 = 0.8 𝑘𝑁 𝑚

Total dead load on ribs 𝐺𝑘 = 3.092𝑘𝑁/𝑚

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 Live load:

 𝑄𝑘 = 4𝑘𝑁/𝑚2 ∗ 0.4𝑚 = 1.6𝑘𝑁/𝑚

Design load on each ribs:

 𝐺𝑑 = 1.35𝐺𝑘 = 1.35 ∗ 3.092 = 4.174𝑘𝑁/𝑚

 𝑄𝑑 = 1.5𝑄𝑘 = 1.5 ∗ 1.6 = 2.4𝑘𝑁/𝑚

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 3.2. Loads on Girders

 Self-weight:

A & D = 0.3𝑚 ∗ 0.3𝑚 ∗ 25 𝑘𝑁 𝑚3 = 2.25𝑘𝑁/𝑚

B&C = 0.6𝑚 ∗ 0.3𝑚 ∗ 25 𝑘𝑁 𝑚3 = 4.5𝑘𝑁/𝑚

 Design loads on each girders

A & D 𝐺𝑑 = 1.35 ∗ 2.25 = 3.04𝑘𝑁/ 𝑚

B & C 𝐺𝑑 = 1.35 ∗ 4.5 = 6.08𝑘𝑁/𝑚

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 3.3. Loading on the Beam Axis 1, 2 and 3

Since there are columns at the intersection of

the beams and girders, the beams will only
support their own loads.
𝐺𝑘 = 0.2𝑚 ∗ 0.3𝑚 ∗ 25 𝑘𝑁 𝑚3 = 1.5𝑘𝑁/𝑚
 Design loads on each beams

𝐺𝑑 = 1.35 ∗ 1.5𝑘𝑁/𝑚 = 2.025𝑘𝑁/𝑚

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Step 4: Loading analysis

4.1. Loading analysis for Ribs

Case 1: Full design load
a) Analyze the ribbed slab system considering the
effects of loading pattern

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 Case 2: Maximum support moment at [support B
and C]

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 Case 3: For maximum span moment at [span AB
and CD]

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 Case 4: Maximum span moment at [span BC]

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 Case 5: Only dead load acting

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 Moment envelope diagram for the rib

Maximum reaction envelope

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 Minimum reaction envelope

4.2. Loading analysis for Girders

For Girder on axis “𝑨” and “𝑫”

To get to maximum support moment at [support 2]

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From the maximum reaction of the ribs divided by the
10.67
rib spacing at A and D = = 26.68 𝑘𝑁/𝑚
0.4

Total design load 𝑤 = 26.68 + 3.04 = 29.72 𝑘𝑁/𝑚

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To get maximum span moment on girder A & D at
𝟏𝟐 & 𝟐𝟑
From the maximum reaction of the ribs divided by the
10.67
rib spacing A & D = = 26.68𝑘𝑁/𝑚
0.4

From the minimum reaction of the Ribs divided by the

6.21
rib spacing = = 15.52𝑘𝑁/𝑚
0.4

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 Moment envelop for girder A and D

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 For Girder on axis “𝑩” and “𝑪”

Loading

Self-weight = 6.08𝑘𝑁/𝑚

Reactions from the ribs (divided by the rib spacing)

29.8 18.467
= 74.5𝑘𝑁/𝑚 and = 46.15𝑘𝑁/𝑚
0.4 0.4

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To get maximum support moment at [support 2]

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To get maximum span moment at [span 12 or 23]

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 Moment envelope for girders on axis B and C

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 4.3. Loading analysis for beams

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Step 5: Calculate flexural reinforcement 𝑨𝒔

5.1. Ribs design

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Effective flange width 𝒃𝒆𝒇𝒇 computation

0.2𝑏𝑖 + 0.1𝑙𝑜
𝑏𝑒𝑓𝑓,𝑖 = 𝑀𝑎𝑥. 0.2𝑙𝑜
𝑏𝑖

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 For end span (sagging moment)

𝑙𝑜 = 0.85𝑙1 = 0.85𝑥4000 = 3400𝑚𝑚

𝑏1 = 𝑏2 = 320𝑚𝑚 2 = 160 𝑚𝑚

0.2𝑏𝑖 + 0.1𝑙0 = 372𝑚𝑚

𝑏𝑒𝑓𝑓,1 = 𝑏𝑒𝑓𝑓,2 = 𝑀𝑎𝑥 0.2𝑙0 = 𝟔𝟖𝟎𝒎𝒎
𝑏𝑖 = 160𝑚𝑚

𝑏𝑒𝑓𝑓,𝑖 + 𝑏𝑤 = 680 + 160 = 824𝑚𝑚

𝑏𝑒𝑓𝑓 ≤
𝑏 = 𝟒𝟎𝟎𝒎𝒎
∴ 𝒃𝒆𝒇𝒇 = 𝟒𝟎𝟎𝒎𝒎
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 For interior sagging moment (+ve)

𝑙𝑜 = 0.7𝑙2 = 0.7𝑥4000 = 2800𝑚𝑚

𝑏1 = 𝑏2 = 320𝑚𝑚 2 = 160 𝑚𝑚

0.2𝑏𝑖 + 0.1𝑙0 = 312𝑚𝑚

𝑏𝑒𝑓𝑓,1 = 𝑏𝑒𝑓𝑓,2 = 𝑀𝑎𝑥 0.2𝑙0 = 𝟓𝟔𝟎𝒎𝒎
𝑏𝑖 = 160𝑚𝑚

𝑏𝑒𝑓𝑓,𝑖 + 𝑏𝑤 = 560 + 160 = 720𝑚𝑚

𝑏𝑒𝑓𝑓 ≤
𝑏 = 𝟒𝟎𝟎𝒎𝒎
∴ 𝒃𝒆𝒇𝒇 = 𝟒𝟎𝟎𝒎𝒎
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 For support hogging moment (-ve)
𝑙𝑜 = 0.15(𝑙1 + 𝑙2 ) = 1200𝑚𝑚
𝑏1 = 𝑏2 = 320𝑚𝑚 2 = 160𝑚𝑚

0.2𝑏𝑖 + 0.1𝑙0 = 152𝑚𝑚

𝑏𝑒𝑓𝑓,1 = 𝑏𝑒𝑓𝑓,2 = 𝑀𝑎𝑥 0.2𝑙0 = 𝟐𝟒𝟎𝒎𝒎
𝑏𝑖 = 160𝑚𝑚

𝑏𝑒𝑓𝑓,𝑖 + 𝑏𝑤 = 240 + 160 = 400𝑚𝑚

𝑏𝑒𝑓𝑓 ≤ ∴ 𝒃𝒆𝒇𝒇 = 𝟒𝟎𝟎𝒎𝒎
𝑏 = 𝟒𝟎𝟎𝒎𝒎
Note: However since it is a negative moment the width of the
compression zone will be 𝒃 = 𝟖𝟎𝒎𝒎.

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 Positive span moment AB and CD

𝑀𝑠𝑑 = 9.506 𝑘𝑁𝑚 𝑏𝑒𝑓𝑓 = 400𝑚𝑚 𝑑 = 233𝑚𝑚

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 𝑀𝑠𝑑 9.506𝑥106
𝜇𝑠𝑑 = = = 0.0386
𝑓𝑐𝑑 𝑏𝑑 2 11.33𝑥400𝑥2332

𝜇𝑠𝑑 < 𝜇𝑠𝑑,𝑙𝑖𝑚 = 0.295

→ 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝒈𝒍𝒚 𝒓𝒆𝒊𝒏𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒅 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏

From design table, 𝑘𝑥 = 0.055

𝑥 = 𝑘𝑥 𝑑 = 12.815 𝑚𝑚 < 𝑕𝑓 = 60𝑚𝑚

→ 𝑫𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒈𝒏 𝒂𝒔 𝒂 𝒓𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏

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From design table 𝑘𝑧 = 0.975 𝑧 = 𝑘𝑧 𝑑 = 227.175 𝑚𝑚

𝑀𝑠𝑑 9.506𝑥106
𝐴𝑠 = = = 120.3 𝑚𝑚2
𝑧𝑓𝑦𝑑 227.175𝑥347.83

𝑓𝑐𝑡𝑚 2.2
0.26 𝑏𝑑 = 0.26𝑥 𝑥80𝑥233 = 𝟐𝟔. 𝟔𝟓 𝒎𝒎𝟐
𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝑀𝑎𝑥 𝑓𝑦𝑘 𝑡 400
0.0013𝑏𝑡 𝑑 = 0.0013𝑥80𝑥233 = 24.23 𝑚𝑚2

𝐴𝑠 120.3
𝑁0 𝑜𝑓 𝜙12𝑚𝑚 = = 2 = 1.1
𝑎𝑠 𝜋 12
4
∴ 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 2𝜙12𝑚𝑚 𝑏𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑚 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠

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 Negative moment on the rib support B and C

𝑀𝑠𝑑 = 11.512𝑘𝑁𝑚 𝑏𝑤 = 80𝑚𝑚 𝑑 = 233𝑚𝑚

𝑀𝑠𝑑 11.512𝑥106
𝜇𝑠𝑑 = = = 0.2339
𝑓𝑐𝑑 𝑏𝑑 2 11.33𝑥80𝑥2332

𝜇𝑠𝑑 < 𝜇𝑠𝑑,𝑙𝑖𝑚 = 0.295

→ 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑦 𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑑 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

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From design table 𝑘𝑧 = 0.88 𝑧 = 𝑘𝑧 𝑑 = 205.04𝑚𝑚

𝑀𝑠𝑑 11.512𝑥106
𝐴𝑠 = = = 161.4𝑚𝑚2
𝑧𝑓𝑦𝑑 205.04𝑥347.83

𝑓𝑐𝑡𝑚 2.2
0.26 𝑏𝑡 𝑑 = 0.26𝑥 𝑥400𝑥233 = 𝟏𝟑𝟑. 𝟐𝟕𝟔𝒎𝒎𝟐
𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝑀𝑎𝑥 𝑓𝑦𝑘 400
0.0013𝑏𝑡 𝑑 = 0.0013𝑥400𝑥233 = 121.16𝑚𝑚2

𝐴𝑠 161.4
𝑁0 𝑜𝑓 𝜙12𝑚𝑚 = = 2 = 1.4
𝑎𝑠 𝜋 12
4
∴ 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 2𝜙12𝑚𝑚 𝑡𝑜𝑝 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠

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 Span moment between B and C

𝑀𝑠𝑑 = 4.63 𝑘𝑁𝑚 𝑏𝑒𝑓𝑓 = 400 𝑚𝑚 𝑑 = 233𝑚𝑚

𝑀𝑠𝑑 4.63𝑥106
𝜇𝑠𝑑 = = = 0.0188
𝑓𝑐𝑑 𝑏𝑑 2 11.33𝑥400𝑥2332

𝜇𝑠𝑑 < 𝜇𝑠𝑑,𝑙𝑖𝑚 = 0.295 → 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑦 𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑑

From design table 𝑘𝑥 = 0.07

𝑥 = 𝑘𝑥 𝑑 = 16.31𝑚𝑚 < 𝑕𝑓 = 60𝑚𝑚

→ 𝐷𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛 𝑎𝑠 𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

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From design table 𝑘𝑧 = 0.985 𝑧 = 𝑘𝑧 𝑑 = 229.505𝑚𝑚

𝑀𝑠𝑑 4.63𝑥106
𝐴𝑠 = = = 58.59𝑚𝑚2
𝑧𝑓𝑦𝑑 227.175𝑥347.83

𝑓𝑐𝑡𝑚 2.2
0.26 𝑓𝑦𝑘 𝑡
𝑏𝑑 = 0.26𝑥 400 𝑥80𝑥233 = 𝟐𝟔. 𝟔𝟓 𝒎𝒎𝟐
𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝑀𝑎𝑥
0.0013𝑏𝑡 𝑑 = 0.0013𝑥80𝑥233 = 24.23 𝑚𝑚2

𝐴𝑠 58.59
𝑁0 𝑜𝑓 𝜙12𝑚𝑚 = = 2 = 0.5
𝑎𝑠 𝜋 12
4
∴ 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 2𝜙12𝑚𝑚 𝑏𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑚 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠

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 5. 2. Girders design

Girder at A and D

Positive span moment

𝑀𝑠𝑑 = 37.728𝑘𝑁𝑚 𝑏𝑤 = 300𝑚𝑚 𝐷 = 300𝑚𝑚

16
𝑑 = 300 − 25 − 8 − = 259𝑚𝑚
2
𝑀𝑠𝑑 37.728𝑥106
𝜇𝑠𝑑 = = = 0.165
𝑓𝑐𝑑 𝑏𝑑 2 11.33𝑥300𝑥2592

𝜇𝑠𝑑 < 𝜇𝑠𝑑,𝑙𝑖𝑚 = 0.295 → 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑦 𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑑

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𝐹𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛 𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑘𝑧 = 0.907 𝑧 = 𝑘𝑧 𝑑 = 234.91𝑚𝑚

𝑀𝑠𝑑 37.728 𝑥106

𝐴𝑠 = = = 461.74𝑚𝑚2
𝑧𝑓𝑦𝑑 234.91𝑥347.83

𝑓𝑐𝑡𝑚 2.2
0.26 𝑏𝑑 = 0.26𝑥 400 𝑥300𝑥259 = 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝒎𝒎𝟐
𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝑀𝑎𝑥 𝑓𝑦𝑘 𝑡
0.0013𝑏𝑡 𝑑 = 0.0013𝑥300𝑥259 = 101𝑚𝑚2

𝐴𝑠 461.74
𝑁0 𝑜𝑓 𝜙16𝑚𝑚 = = = 2.3
𝑎𝑠 𝜋 16 2
4
∴ 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 3𝜙16𝑚𝑚 𝑏𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑚 𝑏𝑎𝑟

12/22/2024 Design of Ribbed slab 43

 Negative support moment

𝑀𝑠𝑑 = 59.442𝑘𝑁𝑚 𝑏𝑤 = 300𝑚𝑚 𝐷 = 300𝑚𝑚

16
𝑑 = 300 − 25 − 8 − = 259𝑚𝑚
2

𝑀𝑠𝑑 59.442𝑥106
𝜇𝑠𝑑 = = = 0.26
𝑓𝑐𝑑 𝑏𝑑 2 11.33𝑥300𝑥2592

𝜇𝑠𝑑 < 𝜇𝑠𝑑,𝑙𝑖𝑚 = 0.295 → 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑦 𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑑 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

12/22/2024 Design of Ribbed slab 44

From design table 𝑘𝑧 = 0.841 𝑧 = 𝑘𝑧 𝑑 = 217.819𝑚𝑚

𝑀𝑠𝑑 59.442 𝑥106

𝐴𝑠 = = = 784.57𝑚𝑚2
𝑧𝑓𝑦𝑑 217.819𝑥347.83

𝑓𝑐𝑡𝑚 2.2
0.26 𝑏𝑑 = 0.26𝑥 400 𝑥300𝑥259 = 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝒎𝒎𝟐
𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝑀𝑎𝑥 𝑓𝑦𝑘 𝑡
0.0013𝑏𝑡 𝑑 = 0.0013𝑥300𝑥259 = 101𝑚𝑚2

𝐴𝑠 784.57
𝑁0 𝑜𝑓 𝜙16𝑚𝑚 = = = 3.9
𝑎𝑠 𝜋 16 2
4
∴ 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 4𝜙16𝑚𝑚 𝑡𝑜𝑝 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠

12/22/2024 Design of Ribbed slab 45

 Girder at B and C

Positive span moment

𝑀𝑠𝑑 = 101.59𝑘𝑁𝑚 𝑏𝑤 = 600𝑚𝑚 𝐷 = 300𝑚𝑚

20
𝑑 = 300 − 25 − 8 − = 257𝑚𝑚
2

𝑀𝑠𝑑 101.59𝑥106
𝜇𝑠𝑑 = = = 0.226
𝑓𝑐𝑑 𝑏𝑑 2 11.33𝑥600𝑥2572

𝜇𝑠𝑑 < 𝜇𝑠𝑑,𝑙𝑖𝑚 = 0.295 → 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑦 𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑑

12/22/2024 Design of Ribbed slab 46

From design table 𝑘𝑧 = 0.867 𝑧 = 𝑘𝑧 𝑑 = 222.819𝑚𝑚

𝑀𝑠𝑑 101.59 𝑥106

𝐴𝑠 = = = 1310.8𝑚𝑚2
𝑧𝑓𝑦𝑑 222.819𝑥347.83

𝑓𝑐𝑡𝑚 2.2
0.26 𝑏𝑑 = 0.26𝑥 400 𝑥600𝑥257 = 𝟐𝟐𝟎. 𝟓𝒎𝒎𝟐
𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝑀𝑎𝑥 𝑓𝑦𝑘 𝑡
0.0013𝑏𝑡 𝑑 = 0.0013𝑥600𝑥257 = 200.46𝑚𝑚2

𝐴𝑠 1310.8
𝑁0 𝑜𝑓 𝜙20𝑚𝑚 = = 2 = 4.2
𝑎𝑠 𝜋 20
4
∴ 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 5𝜙20𝑚𝑚 𝑏𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑚 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠

12/22/2024 Design of Ribbed slab 47

 Negative support moment

𝑀𝑠𝑑 = 161.16𝑘𝑁𝑚 𝑏𝑤 = 600𝑚𝑚 𝐷 = 300𝑚𝑚

20
𝑑 = 300 − 25 − 8 − = 257𝑚𝑚
2

𝑀𝑠𝑑 161.16𝑥106
𝜇𝑠𝑑 = = = 0.358
𝑓𝑐𝑑 𝑏𝑑 2 11.33𝑥600𝑥2572

𝜇𝑠𝑑 > 𝜇𝑠𝑑,𝑙𝑖𝑚 = 0.295 𝐷𝑜𝑢𝑏𝑙𝑦 𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑑

𝑘𝑧,𝑙𝑖𝑚 = 0.814

12/22/2024 Design of Ribbed slab 48

 𝑀𝑠𝑑,𝑙𝑖𝑚 = 𝜇𝑠𝑑,𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝑓𝑐𝑑 𝑏𝑑 2 = 0.295𝑥11.33𝑥600𝑥2572
= 132.455𝑘𝑁𝑚

𝑧 = 𝑘𝑧,𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝑑 = 0.814𝑥257 = 209.19𝑚𝑚

𝑀𝑠𝑑,𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝑀𝑠𝑑,𝑠 − 𝑀𝑠𝑑,𝑙𝑖𝑚

𝐴𝑠1 = +
𝑧𝑓𝑦𝑑 𝑓𝑦𝑑 (𝑑 − 𝑑2 )

132.455𝑥106 (161.16 − 132.455)𝑥106

= +
209.19𝑥347.83 347.83(257 − 35)
= 2192𝑚𝑚2

12/22/2024 Design of Ribbed slab 49

 𝑓 2.2
0.26 𝑓𝑐𝑡𝑚 𝑏𝑡 𝑑 = 0.26𝑥 400 𝑥600𝑥257 = 𝟐𝟐𝟎. 𝟓𝒎𝒎𝟐
𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝑀𝑎𝑥 𝑦𝑘

0.0013𝑏𝑡 𝑑 = 0.0013𝑥600𝑥257 = 200.46𝑚𝑚2

𝐴𝑠 2192
𝑁0 𝑜𝑓 𝜙20𝑚𝑚 = = = 6.98
𝑎𝑠 𝜋 20 2
4
∴ 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 7𝜙20𝑚𝑚 𝑡𝑜𝑝 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠

Compression reinforcement design

Check if the reinforcement has yielded
𝑑2 35
= = 0.14 𝜀𝑠2 = 2.6‰ (𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑑 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑐𝑕𝑎𝑟𝑡)
𝑑 257

𝜀𝑠2 = 2.6‰ > εyd use 𝑓𝑦𝑑 = 347.83𝑀𝑃𝑎

12/22/2024 Design of Ribbed slab 50

Calculate the stress in the concrete at the level of compression
reinforcement to avoid double counting of area.

𝜀𝑐𝑠2 = 2.6‰ ≥ 2‰

Therefore, we take 𝜀𝑐 = 3.5‰ and σcd,s2 = 11.33 Mpa

1 𝑀𝑠𝑑,𝑠 − 𝑀𝑠𝑑,𝑙𝑖𝑚
𝐴𝑠2 =
𝜍𝑠2 − 𝜍𝑐𝑑,𝑠2 𝑑 − 𝑑2

1 (161.16 − 132.455)𝑥106
=
347.83 − 11.33 (257 − 35)
= 384.25 𝑚𝑚2

12/22/2024 Design of Ribbed slab 51

 𝐴𝑠 384.25
𝑁0 𝑜𝑓 𝜙20𝑚𝑚 = = 2 = 1.22
𝑎𝑠 𝜋 20
4
∴ 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 2𝜙20𝑚𝑚 𝑏𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑚 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠

5.3. Beams Design

Negative support moment

𝑀𝑠𝑑 = 3.491 𝑘𝑁𝑚 𝑏𝑤 = 200𝑚𝑚 𝐷 = 300𝑚𝑚

12
𝑑 = 300 − 25 − 8 − = 261𝑚𝑚
2
12/22/2024 Design of Ribbed slab 52
 𝑀𝑠𝑑 3.491𝑥106
𝜇𝑠𝑑 = = = 0.0226
𝑓𝑐𝑑 𝑏𝑑 2 11.33𝑥200𝑥2612

𝜇𝑠𝑑 < 𝜇𝑠𝑑,𝑙𝑖𝑚 = 0.295 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑦 𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑑

𝑘𝑧 = 0.985 𝑧 = 𝑘𝑧 𝑑 = 0.985𝑥261 = 257.08𝑚𝑚

𝑀𝑠𝑑 3.491 𝑥106

𝐴𝑠 = = = 39𝑚𝑚2
𝑧𝑓𝑦𝑑 257.08𝑥347.83

𝑓𝑐𝑡𝑚 2.2
0.26 𝑏𝑑 = 0.26𝑥 400 𝑥200𝑥261 = 𝟕𝟒. 𝟔𝒎𝒎𝟐
𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝑀𝑎𝑥 𝑓𝑦𝑘 𝑡
0.0013𝑏𝑡 𝑑 = 0.0013𝑥200𝑥261 = 67.86𝑚𝑚2

𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑖𝑛 74.6
𝑁0 𝑜𝑓 𝜙12𝑚𝑚 = = = 0.65
𝑎𝑠 𝜋 12 2
4

∴ 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 2𝜙12𝑚𝑚 ࢈࢕࢚࢚࢕࢓ ࢇ࢔ࢊ ࢚࢕࢖ ࢈ࢇ࢘ ࢌ࢕࢘ ࢚ࢎࢋ ࢚࢕࢚ࢇ࢒ ࢒ࢋ࢔g࢚ࢎ ࢕ࢌ ࢚ࢎࢋ ࢈ࢋࢇ࢓
12/22/2024 Design of Ribbed slab 53
 Transverse reinforcement for Topping slab

 Topping slab is reinforced primarily for temperature and

shrinkage stresses using small bars placed at right angles to
the joists.
 The area of this reinforcement is usually about 0.12% of the
cross-sectional area of topping slab in each direction should
be provided.

 Secondary reinforcement is required for temperature and

shrinkage 𝐴𝑠2 :

12/22/2024 Design of Ribbed slab 54

Cross-section area of the topping per unit strip width

𝐴𝑡𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒 = 60 ∗ 1000 = 60000𝑚𝑚2

𝐴𝑠2 = 0.12% 𝐴𝑡𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 0.0012 ∗ 60000 = 72𝑚𝑚2

Reinforcement in a unit width

𝜋 8 2
𝑏𝑎𝑠 1000∗
4
Use 𝝓8𝑚𝑚 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠 𝑆𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑆 = = = 698.055𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝑠2 72

Since secondary reinforcements shall not be greater than 450𝑚𝑚 𝑐/

𝑐 spacing,

∴ 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 𝝓𝟖𝒎𝒎 @ 𝟒𝟓𝟎𝒎𝒎 𝒄/𝒄 𝒊𝒏 𝒃𝒐𝒕𝒉 𝒅𝒊𝒓𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔.

12/22/2024 Design of Ribbed slab 55

Step 6: Check adequacy of the ribs, girders and beams for
shear

6.1. Rib shear design

Shear envelope diagram:

12/22/2024 Design of Ribbed slab 56

 Shear Resistance of Concrete (𝑽𝑹𝒅,𝒄 ):

0.18 0.18
𝐶𝑅𝑑,𝑐 = = = 0.12𝑁/𝑚𝑚2
𝛾𝑐 1.5

200 200
𝑘 =1+ =1+ = 1.926 < 2.0
𝑑 233

For sections with 2𝜙12 :

As1 226.19
ρ1 = = = 0.0121 < 0.02 𝑂𝑘 𝜍𝑐𝑝 = 0
bw d 80∗233

12/22/2024 Design of Ribbed slab 57

 𝑣𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.035𝑘 3/2 𝑓𝑐𝑘 1/2 = 0.035(1.926)3/2 (20)1/2
= 0.418𝑁/𝑚𝑚2

1
𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑐 = 𝐶𝑅𝑑,𝑐 𝑘 100𝜌1 𝑓𝑐𝑘 3 + 𝑘1 𝜍𝑐𝑝 𝑏𝑤 𝑑

1
= 0.12 𝑥 1.926 100 𝑥 0.0121 𝑥 20 3 80 ∗ 233

= 34.75 𝑘𝑁 > 𝑣𝑚𝑖𝑛 + 𝑘1 𝜍𝑐𝑝 𝑏𝑤 𝑑 = 0.418 ∗ 80 ∗

233 = 7.79𝑘𝑁
𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑐 > 𝑉𝐸𝑑 𝑎𝑡 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑛𝑜 𝑠𝑕𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑖𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑑.

12/22/2024 Design of Ribbed slab 58

 Diagonal compression check of concrete 𝑽𝑹𝒅,𝒎𝒂𝒙 :

Assuming cot 𝜃 = 2.5

𝑓𝑐𝑘 20
𝑣 = 0.6 1 − = 0.6 1 − = 0.55
250 250

𝑏𝑊 𝑍𝑣𝑓𝑐𝑑 80 ∗ 0.9 𝑥 233 ∗ 0.55 ∗ 11.33

𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑚𝑎𝑥 = =
cot 𝜃 + tan 𝜃 2.5 + 0.4
= 36.05𝑘𝑁

𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑚𝑎𝑥 > 𝑉𝐸𝑑 at all locations. Therefore Ok!

12/22/2024 Design of Ribbed slab 59

Minimum shear reinforcement, 𝜌𝑤,𝑚𝑖𝑛 :

0.08 𝑓𝑐𝑘 0.08 20

𝜌𝑤,𝑚𝑖𝑛 = = = 0.00089
𝑓𝑦𝑘 400

𝐴𝑠𝑤
𝜌𝑤,𝑚𝑖𝑛 =
𝑠𝑏𝑤 sin 𝛼

𝐴𝑠𝑤
⇒ = 0.00089 𝑥 80 𝑥 1 = 0.07𝑚𝑚 (using vertical links)
𝑠
𝐴𝑠𝑤
𝑠≤ = 1443𝑚𝑚 𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.75𝑑 = 0.75 ∗ 233 = 174.75𝑚𝑚
0.07

∴Provide 𝝓𝟖𝒎𝒎 @ 𝟏𝟕𝟎𝒎𝒎 c/c for all spans of ribs.

12/22/2024 Design of Ribbed slab 60
 6.2. Girder shear design

 A and D

𝑏𝑤 = 300𝑚𝑚, 𝐷 = 300𝑚𝑚, 𝑑 = 259𝑚𝑚, 𝜙8𝑚𝑚 𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑟𝑟𝑢𝑝,

𝜙16𝑚𝑚 𝑟𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑟

12/22/2024 Design of Ribbed slab 61

 B and C

𝑏𝑤 = 600𝑚𝑚, 𝐷 = 300𝑚𝑚, 𝑑 = 257𝑚𝑚,

𝜙8𝑚𝑚 𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑟𝑟𝑢𝑝, 𝜙20𝑚𝑚 𝑟𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑟

12/22/2024 Design of Ribbed slab 62

 Shear Resistance of Concrete (𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑐 ):

For A and D:

Supports 4𝜙16𝑚𝑚

0.18 0.18
𝐶𝑅𝑑,𝑐 = = = 0.12𝑁/𝑚𝑚2
𝛾𝑐 1.5

200
𝑘 =1+ = 1.88 < 2.0
𝑑

12/22/2024 Design of Ribbed slab 63

 As1 804.248
ρ1 = = = 0.01 < 0.02 𝑂𝑘 𝜍𝑐𝑝 = 0
bw d 300𝑥259

𝑣𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.035𝑘 3/2 𝑓𝑐𝑘 1/2 = 0.035(1.88)3/2 (20)1/2 =

0.403𝑁/𝑚𝑚2
1
𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑐 = [𝐶𝑅𝑑,𝑐 𝑘 100𝜌1 𝑓𝑐𝑘 3 + 𝑘1 𝜍𝑐𝑝 ]𝑏𝑤 𝑑

1
= 0.12 ∗ 1.88 100 ∗ 0.01 ∗ 20 3 300 ∗ 259

= 116.8𝑘𝑁 > 𝑣𝑚𝑖𝑛 + 𝑘1 𝜍𝑐𝑝 𝑏𝑤 𝑑 = 0.403 ∗ 300 ∗ 259

= 31.31𝑘𝑁

12/22/2024 Design of Ribbed slab 64

 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑐 > 𝑉𝐸𝑑 𝑎𝑡 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑛𝑜 𝑠𝑕𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑖𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑑.

𝐴𝑠𝑤
𝜌𝑤,𝑚𝑖𝑛 =
𝑠𝑏𝑤 sin 𝛼

𝐴𝑠𝑤
⇒ = 0.00089 ∗ 300 ∗ 1 = 0.267𝑚𝑚 (using vertical links)
𝑠
𝐴𝑠𝑤
𝑠≤ = 378.277𝑚𝑚 𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.75𝑑 = 0.75 ∗ 259 = 194.25𝑚𝑚
0.267

∴Provide 𝝓𝟖𝒎𝒎 @ 𝟏𝟗𝟎𝒎𝒎 𝒄/𝒄

12/22/2024 Design of Ribbed slab 65

 Diagonal compression check of concrete:

Assuming cot 𝜃 = 2.5

𝑓𝑐𝑘 20
𝑣 = 0.6 1 − = 0.6 1 − = 0.55
250 250

𝑏𝑊 𝑍𝑣𝑓𝑐𝑑 300∗ 0.9∗259 ∗ 0.55∗11.33

𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑚𝑎𝑥 = = = 150.26𝑘𝑁
cot 𝜃:tan 𝜃 2.5:0.4

Check this value with values form the shear envelope

𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑚𝑎𝑥 > 𝑉𝐸𝑑 at all locations. Therefore Ok!

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 For B and C:

0.18 0.18
Supports 7𝜙2𝑜𝑚𝑚 𝐶𝑅𝑑,𝑐 = = = 0.12𝑁/𝑚𝑚2
𝛾𝑐 1.5

200
𝑘 =1+ = 1.88 < 2.0
𝑑

As1 2199
ρ1 = = = 0.014 < 0.02 𝑂𝑘 𝜍𝑐𝑝 = 0
bw d 600𝑥257

𝑣𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.035𝑘 3/2 𝑓𝑐𝑘 1/2 = 0.035(1.88)3/2 (20)1/2 = 0.403𝑁/𝑚𝑚2

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 1
𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑐 = [𝐶𝑅𝑑,𝑐 𝑘 100𝜌1 𝑓𝑐𝑘 3 + 𝑘1 𝜍𝑐𝑝 ]𝑏𝑤 𝑑

1
= 0.12 ∗ 1.88 100 ∗ 0.014 ∗ 20 3 600 ∗ 257

= 324.68 𝑘𝑁 > 𝑣𝑚𝑖𝑛 + 𝑘1 𝜍𝑐𝑝 𝑏𝑤 𝑑 = 0.403 ∗ 600 ∗ 257

= 62.14𝑘𝑁
𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑐 > 𝑉𝐸𝑑 𝑎𝑡 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑛𝑜 𝑠𝑕𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑖𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑑.

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 𝐴𝑠𝑤
𝜌𝑤,𝑚𝑖𝑛 =
𝑠𝑏𝑤 sin 𝛼
𝐴𝑠𝑤
⇒ = 0.00089 ∗ 600 ∗ 1 = 0.534𝑚𝑚 (using vertical links)
𝑠

𝐴𝑠𝑤
𝑠≤ = 189.14𝑚𝑚 𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.75𝑑 = 0.75 ∗ 257
0.534
= 192.75𝑚𝑚

∴Provide 𝝓𝟖𝒎𝒎 @ 𝟏𝟖𝟎𝒎𝒎 𝒄/𝒄

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 Diagonal compression check of concrete:

Assuming cot 𝜃 = 2.5

𝑓𝑐𝑘 20
𝑣 = 0.6 1 − = 0.6 1 − = 0.55
250 250

𝑏𝑊 𝑍𝑣𝑓𝑐𝑑 600 ∗ 0.9 ∗ 257 ∗ 0.55 ∗ 11.33

𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑚𝑎𝑥 = =[ ]
cot 𝜃 + tan 𝜃 2.5 + 0.4
= 298.2 𝑘𝑁

Check this value with values form the shear envelope

𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑚𝑎𝑥 > 𝑉𝐸𝑑 at all locations. Therefore Ok!

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Step 7: Detailing of reinforcements (assignment-5%)

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