19-1289; Rev 1; 3/98

1µA Supply Current, 1Mbps, 3.0V to 5.5V,

RS-232 Transceivers with AutoShutdown Plus
________________General Description ____________________________Features

MAX3224–MAX3227/MAX3244/MAX3245 †
The MAX3224–MAX3227/MAX3244/MAX3245 are 3V- ♦ 1µA Supply Current
powered EIA/TIA-232 and V.28/V.24 communications
interfaces with automatic shutdown/wakeup features ♦ AutoShutdown Plus—EDN Innovation of the Year
and high data-rate capabilities. ♦ Guaranteed Data Rate:
All devices achieve a 1µA supply current using Maxim’s 250kbps (MAX3224/3226/3244)
revolutionary AutoShutdown Plus™ feature. These 1Mbps (MAX3225/3227/3245)
devices automatically enter a low-power shutdown
mode when the RS-232 cable is disconnected or the ♦ Guaranteed Slew Rate:
transmitters of the connected peripherals are inactive, 6V/µs (MAX3224/3226/3244)
and the UART driving the transmitter inputs is inactive 24V/µs (MAX3225/3227/3245)
for more than 30 seconds. They turn on again when ♦ Meets EIA/TIA-232 Specifications Down to 3.0V
they sense a valid transition at any transmitter or receiv-
er input. AutoShutdown Plus saves power without ♦ Guaranteed Mouse Driveability (MAX3244/3245)
changes to the existing BIOS or operating system. ♦ Ready-to-Transmit Logic-Level Output
The MAX3225/MAX3227/MAX3245 also feature
MegaBaud™ operation, guaranteeing 1Mbps for high-
speed applications such as communicating with ISDN
modems. The MAX3224/MAX3226/MAX3244 guarantee
250kbps operation. The transceivers have a proprietary _______________Ordering Information
low-dropout transmitter output stage enabling true RS-
232 performance from a +3.0V to +5.5V supply with a PART TEMP. RANGE PIN-PACKAGE
dual charge pump. The charge pump requires only four MAX3224CPP 0°C to +70°C 20 Plastic DIP
small 0.1µF capacitors for operation from a 3.3V supply. MAX3224CAP 0°C to +70°C 20 SSOP
The MAX3224–MAX3227 feature a logic-level output MAX3224EPP -40°C to +85°C 20 Plastic DIP
(READY) that asserts when the charge pump is regulat-
MAX3224EAP -40°C to +85°C 20 SSOP
ing and the device is ready to begin transmitting.
MAX3225CPP 0°C to +70°C 20 Plastic DIP
All devices are available in a space-saving SSOP pack-
MAX3225CAP 0°C to +70°C 20 SSOP
age.
MAX3225EPP -40°C to +85°C 20 Plastic DIP
________________________Applications MAX3225EAP -40°C to +85°C 20 SSOP

Notebook, Subnotebook, and Palmtop Computers Ordering Information continued at end of data sheet.

Cellular Phones
Battery-Powered Equipment _____________________ Selector Guide
Hand-Held Equipment
NO. OF GUARANTEED AUTO-
READY
Peripherals PART DRIVERS/ DATA RATE SHUTDOWN
OUTPUT
RECEIVERS (bps) PLUS
Printers
MAX3224 2/2 250k ✔ ✔
MAX3225 2/2 1M ✔ ✔
MAX3226 1/1 250k ✔ ✔
MAX3227 1/1 1M ✔ ✔
MAX3244 3/5 250k — ✔
MAX3245 3/5 1M — ✔

AutoShutdownPlus and MegaBaud are trademarks of Maxim Integrated Products.

†Covered by U.S. Patent numbers 4,636,930; 4,679,134; 4,777,577; 4,797,899; 4,809,152; 4,897,774; 4,999,761; 5,649,210; and other patents pending.

________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1

For free samples & the latest literature: [Link] or phone 1-800-998-8800.
For small orders, phone 408-737-7600 ext. 3468.
 1µA Supply Current, 1Mbps, 3.0V to 5.5V,
RS-232 Transceivers with AutoShutdown Plus
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
MAX3224–MAX3227/MAX3244/MAX3245

VCC to GND ..............................................................-0.3V to +6V Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C)

V+ to GND (Note 1) ..................................................-0.3V to +7V 16-Pin SSOP (derate 7.14mW/°C above +70°C) .........571mW
V- to GND (Note 1) ...................................................+0.3V to -7V 20-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 11.11mW/°C above +70°C) ...889mW
V+ + V-(Note 1) ................................................................+13V 20-Pin SSOP (derate 8.00mW/°C above +70°C) .........640mW
Input Voltages 28-Pin Wide SO (derate 12.5mW/°C above +70°C)........... 1W
T_IN, FORCEON, FORCEOFF to GND ................ -0.3V to +6V 28-Pin SSOP (derate 9.52mW/°C above +70°C) .........762mW
R_IN to GND ....................................................................±25V Operating Temperature Ranges
Output Voltages MAX32_ _C_ _....................................................0°C to +70°C
T_OUT to GND.............................................................±13.2V MAX32_ _E_ _ ..................................................-40°C to +85°C
R_OUT, INVALID, READY to GND .........-0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +160°C
Short-Circuit Duration Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec) .............................+300°C
T_OUT to GND .......................................................Continuous

Note 1: V+ and V- can have maximum magnitudes of 7V, but their absolute difference cannot exceed 13V.

Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VCC = +3V to +5.5V, C1–C4 = 0.1µF, tested at 3.3V ±10%; CL = 0.047µF, C2–C4 = 0.33µF, tested at 5.0V ±10%; TA = TMIN to TMAX,
unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.)
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
DC CHARACTERISTICS (VCC = 3.3V or 5.0V, TA = +25°C)
Supply Current, FORCEON = GND, FORCEOFF = VCC,
1 10 µA
AutoShutdown Plus all R_IN idle, all T_IN idle
Supply Current, Shutdown FORCEOFF = GND 1 10 µA
Supply Current,
FORCEON = FORCEOFF = VCC, no load 0.3 1 mA
AutoShutdown Plus Disabled
LOGIC INPUTS AND RECEIVER OUTPUTS
Input Logic Threshold Low T_IN, FORCEON, FORCEOFF 0.8 V
T_IN, FORCEON, VCC = 3.3V 2
Input Logic Threshold High V
FORCEOFF VCC = 5.0V 2.4
Transmitter Input Hysteresis 0.5 V
Input Leakage Current T_IN, FORCEON, FORCEOFF ±0.01 ±1 µA
R_OUT (MAX3244/MAX3245), receivers
Output Leakage Current ±0.05 ±10 µA
disabled
Output Voltage Low IOUT = 1.6mA 0.4 V
Output Voltage High IOUT = -1.0mA VCC - 0.6 VCC - 0.1 V
RECEIVER INPUTS
Input Voltage Range -25 +25 V
VCC = 3.3V 0.6 1.2
Input Threshold Low TA = +25°C V
VCC = 5.0V 0.8 1.5
VCC = 3.3V 1.5 2.4
Input Threshold High TA = +25°C V
VCC = 5.0V 1.8 2.4
Input Hysteresis 0.5 V
Input Resistance TA = +25°C 3 5 7 kΩ

2 _______________________________________________________________________________________
 1µA Supply Current, 1Mbps, 3.0V to 5.5V,
RS-232 Transceivers with AutoShutdown Plus
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)

MAX3224–MAX3227/MAX3244/MAX3245
(VCC = +3V to +5.5V, C1–C4 = 0.1µF, tested at 3.3V ±10%; CL = 0.047µF, C2–C4 = 0.33µF, tested at 5.0V ±10%; TA = TMIN to TMAX,
unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.)
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
TRANSMITTER OUTPUTS
All transmitter outputs loaded with 3kΩ to
Output Voltage Swing ±5 ±5.4 V
ground
Output Resistance VCC = V+ = V- = 0, transmitter outputs = ±2V 300 10M Ω
Output Short-Circuit Current ±60 mA
VCC = 0 or 3V to 5.5V, VOUT = ±12V,
Output Leakage Current ±25 µA
Transmitters disabled
MOUSE DRIVEABILITY (MAX3244/MAX3245)
T1IN = T2IN = GND, T3IN = VCC,
T3OUT loaded with 3kΩ to GND,
Transmitter Output Voltage ±5 V
T1OUT and T2OUT loaded with
2.5mA each
AUTOSHUTDOWN PLUS (FORCEON = GND, FORCEOFF = VCC)
Receiver Input Threshold to Positive threshold 2.7
Figure 4a V
INVALID Output High Negative threshold -2.7
Receiver Input Threshold to
Figure 4a -0.3 0.3 V
INVALID Output Low
INVALID, READY
(MAX3224–MAX3227) IOUT = -1.6mA 0.4 V
Output Voltage Low
INVALID, READY
(MAX3224–MAX3227) IOUT = -1.0mA VCC - 0.6 V
Output Voltage High
Receiver Positive or Negative
tINVH VCC = 5V, Figure 4b 1 µs
Threshold to INVALID High
Receiver Positive or Negative
tINVL VCC = 5V, Figure 4b 30 µs
Threshold to INVALID Low
Receiver or Transmitter Edge to
tWU VCC = 5V, Figure 5b (Note 2) 100 µs
Transmitters Enabled
Receiver or Transmitter Edge to
tAUTOSHDN VCC = 5V, Figure 5b (Note 2) 15 30 60 sec
Transmitters Shutdown

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 3
 1µA Supply Current, 1Mbps, 3.0V to 5.5V,
RS-232 Transceivers with AutoShutdown Plus
TIMING CHARACTERISTICS—MAX3224/MAX3226/MAX3244
MAX3224–MAX3227/MAX3244/MAX3245

(VCC = +3V to +5.5V, C1–C4 = 0.1µF, tested at 3.3V ±10%; CL = 0.047µF, C2–C4 = 0.33µF, tested at 5.0V ±10%; TA = TMIN to TMAX,
unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.)
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
RL = 3kΩ, CL = 1000pF,
Maximum Data Rate 250 kbps
one transmitter switching
tPHL 0.15
Receiver Propagation Delay R_IN to R_OUT, CL = 150pF µs
tPLH 0.15
Receiver Output Enable Time Normal operation (MAX3244 only) 200 ns
Receiver Output Disable Time Normal operation (MAX3244 only) 200 ns
Transmitter Skew  tPHL - tPLH  (Note 3) 100 ns
Receiver Skew  tPHL - tPLH  50 ns

VCC = 3.3V, TA = +25°C, CL = 150pF

6 30
RL = 3kΩ to 7kΩ, to 1000pF
Transition-Region Slew Rate V/µs
measured from +3V to -3V CL = 150pF
or -3V to +3V 4 30
to 2500pF

TIMING CHARACTERISTICS—MAX3225/MAX3227/MAX3245
(VCC = +3V to +5.5V, C1–C4 = 0.1µF, tested at 3.3V ±10%; CL = 0.047µF, C2–C4 = 0.33µF, tested at 5.0V ±10%; TA = TMIN to TMAX,
unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.)
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
RL = 3kΩ, CL = 1000pF,
250
one transmitter switching
VCC = 3.0V to 4.5V, RL = 3kΩ,
Maximum Data Rate 1000 kbps
CL = 250pF, one transmitter switching
VCC = 4.5V to 5.5V, RL = 3kΩ,
1000
CL = 1000pF, one transmitter switching
tPHL 0.15
Receiver Propagation Delay R_IN to R_OUT, CL = 150pF µs
tPLH 0.15
Receiver Output Enable Time Normal operation (MAX3245 only) 200 ns
Receiver Output Disable Time Normal operation (MAX3245 only) 200 ns
Transmitter Skew  tPHL - tPLH  (Note 3) 25 ns
Receiver Skew  tPHL - tPLH  50 ns
VCC = 3.3V, TA = +25°C,
Transition-Region Slew Rate RL = 3kΩ to 7kΩ, CL = 150pF to 1000pF, 24 150 V/µs
measured from +3V to -3V or -3V to +3V

Note 2: A transmitter/receiver edge is defined as a transition through the transmitter/receiver input logic thresholds.
Note 3: Transmitter skew is measured at the transmitter zero cross points.

4 _______________________________________________________________________________________
 1µA Supply Current, 1Mbps, 3.0V to 5.5V,
RS-232 Transceivers with AutoShutdown Plus
__________________________________________Typical Operating Characteristics

MAX3224–MAX3227/MAX3244/MAX3245
(VCC = +3.3V, 250kbps data rate, C1–C4 = 0.1µF, all transmitters loaded with 3kΩ and CL, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

MAX3224/MAX3226 MAX3224/MAX3226
TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE MAX3224/MAX3226 OPERATING SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE SLEW RATE vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE
6 16 45
MAX3224-01

MAX3224-03
MAX3224-02
5
VOUT+ 14 40
TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)

4
35 250kbps
3 12

SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)

T1 TRANSMITTING AT 250kbps
SLEW RATE (V/µs)

2 -SLEW 30
T2 (MAX3224) TRANSMITTING AT 15.6kbps 10 120kbps
1
+SLEW 25
0 8
-1 20
6 20kbps
-2 15
-3 4 10
-4
VOUT- 2 T1 TRANSMITTING AT 250kbps
-5 5
FOR DATA RATES UP TO 250kbps T2 (MAX3224) TRANSMITTING AT 15.6kbps
-6 0 0
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000
LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF) LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF) LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF)
MAX3225/MAX3227 MAX3225/MAX3227
TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE MAX3225/MAX3227 OPERATING SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE SLEW RATE vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE
7.5 80 100

MAX3224-06
MAX3224-04

MAX3224-05

1 TRANSMITTER AT FULL DATA RATE

90
70 1 TRANSMITTER AT 1/16 DATA RATE
TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)

5.0 80 (MAX3225)
LOAD = 3kΩ + CL
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)

2Mbps 60
70
1.5Mbps
SLEW RATE (V/µs)

2.5 1Mbps -SLEW

50 60 2Mbps
1 TRANSMITTER AT FULL DATA RATE
+SLEW
0 1 TRANSMITTER AT 1/16 DATA RATE 40 50
(MAX3225) 1.5Mbps
40
LOAD = 3kΩ + CL 30
-2.5 1.5Mbps 1Mbps
2Mbps 30
20 1Mbps
20
-5.0
10 1 TRANSMITTER AT 1Mbps 10
1 TRANSMITTER AT 62.5kbps (MAX3225)
-7.5 0 0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF) LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF) LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF)

MAX3225/MAX3227 MAX3224–MAX3227 MAX3224–MAX3227

TRANSMITTER SKEW vs. READY TURN-ON TIME READY TURN-OFF TIME
LOAD CAPACITANCE vs. TEMPERATURE vs. TEMPERATURE
50 38 200
MAX3224-08

MAX3224-09
MAX3224-07

45 1 TRANSMITTER AT 512kbps
36 180
1 TRANSMITTER AT 30kbps
40 (MAX3225) 160
34
READY TURN-OFF TIME (ns)
READY TURN-ON TIME (µs)
TRANSMITTER SKEW (ns)

35 LOAD = 3kΩ + CL 140

32
30 120
30
25 100
28
20 80
AVERAGE; 10 PARTS 26
15 60
10 24 40
5 22 20
0 20 0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF) TEMPERATURE (°C) TEMPERATURE (°C)

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 5
 1µA Supply Current, 1Mbps, 3.0V to 5.5V,
RS-232 Transceivers with AutoShutdown Plus
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
MAX3224–MAX3227/MAX3244/MAX3245

(VCC = +3.3V, 250kbps data rate, C1–C4 = 0.1µF, all transmitters loaded with 3kΩ and CL, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

MAX3244 MAX3244
TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE MAX3244 OPERATING SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE SLEW RATE vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE
6 14 60

MAX3224-12
MAX3224-10

MAX3224-11
1 TRANSMITTER AT 250kbps
5
VOUT+ 2 TRANSMITTERS AT 15.6kbps
TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)

4 12 50
3

SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)

1 TRANSMITTER AT 250kbps 10
250kbps
SLEW RATE (V/µs)

2 40
2 TRANSMITTERS AT 15.6kbps 120kbps
1 8
0 30
-1 6 20kbps
-2 20
4
-3
-4 10
VOUT- 2
-5
-6 0 0
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000
LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF) LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF) LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF)

MAX3245
TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE MAX3245
vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE SLEW RATE vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE
7.5 70
MAX3224-13

MAX3224-14
TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)

5.0 60

2Mbps
50
1.5Mbps
SLEW RATE (V/µs)

2.5 1Mbps

1 TRANSMITTER AT FULL DATA RATE 40

0 2 TRANSMITTERS AT 1/16 DATA RATE
30
-2.5 1.5Mbps 1Mbps
2Mbps 20

-5.0
10 1 TRANSMITTER AT 1Mbps
2 TRANSMITTERS AT 62.5kbps
-7.5 0
0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 0 400 800 1200 1600 2000
LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF) LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF)
MAX3245 MAX3245
OPERATING SUPPLY CURRENT TRANSMITTER SKEW vs.
vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE LOAD CAPACITANCE
100 50
MAX3224-16
MAX3224-15

90 45
80 40
TRANSMITTER SKEW (ns)
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)

70 35
2Mbps
60 30
1.5Mbps
50 25
40 20
30 1Mbps 15
20 10
1 TRANSMITTER AT FULL DATA RATE
10 5
2 TRANSMITTERS AT 1/16 DATA RATE
0 0
0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 0 1000 2000 3000
LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF) LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF)

6 _______________________________________________________________________________________
 1µA Supply Current, 1Mbps, 3.0V to 5.5V,
RS-232 Transceivers with AutoShutdown Plus
Pin Description

MAX3224–MAX3227/MAX3244/MAX3245
PIN
MAX3224 MAX3226 MAX3244 NAME FUNCTION
MAX3225 MAX3227 MAX3245
Ready to Transmit Output, active high. READY is enabled high when
1 1 — READY
V- goes below -4V and the device is ready to transmit.
2 2 28 C1+ Positive Terminal of Voltage-Doubler Charge-Pump Capacitor

3 3 27 V+ +5.5V generated by the charge pump

4 4 24 C1- Negative Terminal of Voltage-Doubler Charge-Pump Capacitor

5 5 1 C2+ Positive Terminal of Inverting Charge-Pump Capacitor

6 6 2 C2- Negative Terminal of Inverting Charge-Pump Capacitor

7 7 3 V- -5.5V generated by the charge pump

8, 17 13 9–11 T_OUT RS-232 Transmitter Outputs

9, 16 8 4–8 R_IN RS-232 Receiver Inputs

10, 15 9 15–19 R_OUT TTL/CMOS Receiver Outputs

Valid Signal Detector Output, active low. A logic high indicates that a valid
11 10 21 INVALID
RS-232 level is present on a receiver input.
12, 13 11 12–14 T_IN TTL/CMOS Transmitter Inputs
Force-On Input, active high. Drive high to override AutoShutdown Plus,
14 12 23 FORCEON
keeping transmitters and receivers on (FORCEOFF must be high) (Table 1).
18 14 25 GND Ground

19 15 26 VCC +3.0V to +5.5V Single Supply Voltage

Force-Off Input, active low. Drive low to shut down transmitters, receivers
20 16 22 FORCEOFF (except R2OUTB), and charge pump. This overrides AutoShutdown Plus
and FORCEON (Table 1).
— — 20 R2OUTB TTL/CMOS Noninverting Complementary Receiver Outputs. Always active.

_______________Detailed Description The READY output (MAX3224–MAX3227) is low when

the charge pumps are disabled in shutdown mode. The
Dual Charge-Pump Voltage Converter READY signal asserts high when V- goes below -4V.
The MAX3224–MAX3227/MAX3244/MAX3245’s internal
power supply consists of a regulated dual charge RS-232 Transmitters
pump that provides output voltages of +5.5V (doubling The transmitters are inverting level translators that
charge pump) and -5.5V (inverting charge pump), over convert CMOS-logic levels to 5.0V EIA/TIA-232 levels.
the +3.0V to +5.5V range. The charge pump operates The MAX3224/MAX3226/MAX3244 guarantee a
in discontinuous mode: if the output voltages are less 250kbps data rate (1Mbps for the MAX3225/MAX3227/
than 5.5V, the charge pump is enabled; if the output MAX3245) with worst-case loads of 3kΩ in parallel with
voltages exceed 5.5V, the charge-pump is disabled. 1000pF, providing compatibility with PC-to-PC com-
Each charge pump requires a flying capacitor (C1, C2) munication software (such as LapLink™). Transmitters
and a reservoir capacitor (C3, C4) to generate the V+ can be paralleled to drive multiple receivers. Figure 1
and V- supplies. shows a complete system connection.

LapLink is a trademark of Traveling Software.

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 7
 1µA Supply Current, 1Mbps, 3.0V to 5.5V,
RS-232 Transceivers with AutoShutdown Plus
MAX3224–MAX3227/MAX3244/MAX3245

POWER- FORCEOFF VCC

MANAGEMENT
UNIT OR FORCEON
KEYBOARD INVALID
CONTROLLER
PROTECTION
DIODE
PREVIOUS
MAX3244
VCC RS-232
MAX3245
Rx I

UART 5k

Tx

I/O GND SHDN = GND

CPU CHIP
WITH RS-232
UART
a) OLDER RS-232: POWERED-DOWN UART DRAWS CURRENT FROM ACTIVE
RECEIVER OUTPUT IN SHUTDOWN.

VCC

TO LOGIC
µP TRANSITION
DETECTOR

Figure 1. Interface Under Control of PMU I

MAX3244
PROTECTION
MAX3245
DIODE
R2OUTB
When FORCEOFF is driven to ground or when the Auto-
Shutdown Plus circuitry senses that all receiver and VCC
transmitter inputs are inactive for more than 30sec, the
Rx R2OUT R2IN
transmitters are disabled and the outputs go into a high-
impedance state. When powered off or shut down, the THREE-STATED
UART 5k
outputs can be driven to ±12V. The transmitter inputs
do not have pull-up resistors. Connect unused inputs to T1OUT
GND or VCC. T1IN
Tx

RS-232 Receivers GND FORCEOFF = GND

The receivers convert RS-232 signals to CMOS-logic
output levels. The MAX3224–MAX3227 feature inverting
outputs that always remain active (Table 1). The
MAX3244/MAX3245 have inverting three-state outputs b) NEW MAX3244/MAX3245: IN SHUTDOWN, R2OUTB IS USED TO MONITOR
EXTERNAL DEVICES AND R2OUT IS THREE STATED, ELIMINATING A CURRENT
that are high impedance when shut down (FORCEOFF PATH THROUGH THE UART’S PROTECTION DIODE.
= GND) (Table 1).

Figure 2. The MAX3244/MAX3245 detect RS-232 activity when

the UART and interface are shut down.

8 _______________________________________________________________________________________
 1µA Supply Current, 1Mbps, 3.0V to 5.5V,
RS-232 Transceivers with AutoShutdown Plus

MAX3224–MAX3227/MAX3244/MAX3245
Table 1. Output Control Truth Table
R_OUT
RECEIVER OR
VALID (MAX3224/ R_OUT R2OUTB
OPERATION TRANSMITTER
FORCEON FORCEOFF RECEIVER T_OUT MAX3225/ (MAX3244/ (MAX3244/
STATUS EDGE WITHIN
LEVEL MAX3226/ MAX3245) MAX3245)
30sec
MAX3227)
Shutdown
X 0 X X High-Z Active High-Z Active
(Forced Off)
Normal
Operation 1 1 X X Active Active Active Active
(Forced On)
Normal
Operation
0 1 X Yes Active Active Active Active
(AutoShutdown
Plus)
Shutdown (Auto-
0 1 X No High-Z Active Active Active
Shutdown Plus)
Normal
INVALID* 1 Yes X Active Active Active Active
Operation
Normal
INVALID* 1 X Yes Active Active Active Active
Operation
Shutdown INVALID* 1 No No High-Z Active Active Active
Normal
Operation INVALID* INVALID** Yes X Active Active Active Active
(AutoShutdown)
Shutdown
INVALID* INVALID** No X High-Z Active High-Z Active
(AutoShutdown)

X = Don’t care
* INVALID connected to FORCEON
** INVALID connected to FORCEON and FORCEOFF

The MAX3244/MAX3245 feature an extra, always AutoShutdown Plus Mode

active, noninverting output, R2OUTB. R2OUTB output The MAX3224–MAX3227/MAX3244/MAX3245 achieve a
monitors receiver activity while the other receivers are 1µA supply current with Maxim’s AutoShutdown
high impedance, allowing Ring Indicator applications to Plusfeature, which operates when FORCEOFF is high
be monitored without forward biasing other devices and a FORCEON is low. When these devices do not
connected to the receiver outputs. This is ideal for sys- sense a valid signal transition on any receiver and trans-
tems where V CC is set to ground in shutdown to mitter input for 30sec, the on-board charge pumps are
accommodate peripherals such as UARTs (Figure 2). shut down, reducing supply current to 1µA. This occurs
The MAX3224–MAX3227/MAX3244/MAX3245 feature if the RS-232 cable is disconnected or if the connected
an INVALID output that is enabled low when no valid peripheral transmitters are turned off, and the UART dri-
RS-232 voltage levels have been detected on all ving the transmitter inputs is inactive. The system turns
receiver inputs. Because INVALID indicates the receiv- on again when a valid transition is applied to any
er input’s condition, it is independent of FORCEON and RS-232 receiver or transmitter input. As a result, the sys-
FORCEOFF states (Figures 3 and 4). tem saves power without changes to the existing BIOS
or operating system.

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 9
 1µA Supply Current, 1Mbps, 3.0V to 5.5V,
RS-232 Transceivers with AutoShutdown Plus
MAX3224–MAX3227/MAX3244/MAX3245

+0.3V EDGE
T_IN FORCEOFF
DETECT

S
R_IN 30sec AUTOSHDN
30µs
TIMER INVALID EDGE TIMER
R_IN
R DETECT R
-0.3V

INVALID ASSERTED IF ALL RECEIVER INPUTS ARE BETWEEN +0.3V AND -0.3V FOR
AT LEAST 30µs. FORCEON

Figure 3a. INVALID Functional Diagram, INVALID Low Figure 3c. AutoShutdown Plus Logic

+2.7V FORCEOFF
POWERDOWN*

R_IN FORCEON
30µs
TIMER INVALID AUTOSHDN
R
-2.7V
* POWERDOWN IS ONLY AN INTERNAL SIGNAL.
INVALID DEASSERTED IF ANY RECEIVER INPUT HAS BEEN BETWEEN +2.7V AND -2.7V IT CONTROLS THE OPERATIONAL STATUS OF
FOR LESS THAN 30µs. THE TRANSMITTERS AND THE POWER SUPPLIES.

Figure 3b. INVALID Functional Diagram, INVALID High Figure 3d. Power-Down Logic

Table 2. INVALID Truth Table

RS-232 SIGNAL INVALID HIGH
PRESENT AT ANY INVALID OUTPUT +2.7V
RECEIVER INPUT
RECEIVER INPUT LEVELS

INDETERMINATE
Yes High
+0.3V
No Low 0 INVALID LOW
-0.3V
Figures 3a and 3b depict valid and invalid RS-232 INDETERMINATE
receiver voltage levels. INVALID indicates the receiver -2.7V
input’s condition, and is independent of FORCEON and
INVALID HIGH
FORCEOFF states. Figure 3 and Tables 1 and 2 sum-
marize the operating modes of the MAX3224–
MAX3227/MAX3244/MAX3245 devices. FORCEON and
Figure 4a. Receiver Positive/Negative Thresholds for INVALID
FORCEOFF override AutoShutdown Plus circuitry.
When neither control is asserted, the IC selects By connecting FORCEON to INVALID, the MAX3224–
between these states automatically based on the last MAX3227/MAX3244/MAX3245 shut down when no valid
receiver or transmitter input edge received. receiver level and no receiver or transmitter edge is
When shut down, the device’s charge pumps turn off, detected for 30sec, and wake up when a valid receiver
V+ is pulled to VCC, V- is pulled to ground, the transmit- level or receiver or transmitter edge is detected.
ter outputs are high impedance, and READY By connecting FORCEON and FORCEOFF to INVALID,
(MAX3224–MAX3227) is driven low. The time required the MAX3224–MAX3227/MAX3244/MAX3245 shutdown
to exit shutdown is typically 100µs (Figure 8). when no valid receiver level is detected and wake up

10 ______________________________________________________________________________________
 1µA Supply Current, 1Mbps, 3.0V to 5.5V,
RS-232 Transceivers with AutoShutdown Plus

MAX3224–MAX3227/MAX3244/MAX3245
RECEIVER INVALID
INPUTS } REGION

TRANSMITTER
INPUTS

TRANSMITTER
OUTPUTS

INVALID VCC
tINVL
OUTPUT tINVH
0 tAUTOSHDN
tAUTOSHDN
tWU tWU

*VCC
OUTPUT
0

V+

VCC
0

V-

*MAX3224–MAX3227

Figure 4b. AutoShutdown Plus, INVALID, and READY Timing Diagram

when a valid receiver level is detected (same function-

POWER- MASTER SHDN LINE ality as AutoShutdown feature on MAX3221/MAX3223/
MANAGEMENT MAX3243).
UNIT
0.1µF 1M A mouse or other system with AutoShutdown Plus may
need time to wake up. Figure 5 shows a circuit that
forces the transmitters on for 100ms, allowing enough
FORCEOFF FORCEON time for the other system to realize that the MAX3244/
MAX3245 is awake. If the other system outputs valid
MAX3224 RS-232 signal transitions within that time, the RS-232
MAX3225 ports on both systems remain enabled.
MAX3226
MAX3227 Software-Controlled Shutdown
MAX3244 If direct software control is desired, use INVALID to
MAX3245 indicate DTR or Ring Indicator signal. Tie FORCEOFF
and FORCEON together to bypass the AutoShutdown
Plus so the line acts like a SHDN input.
Figure 5. AutoShutdown Plus Initial Turn-On to Wake Up a
Mouse or Another System

______________________________________________________________________________________ 11
 1µA Supply Current, 1Mbps, 3.0V to 5.5V,
RS-232 Transceivers with AutoShutdown Plus
__________Applications Information High Data Rates
MAX3224–MAX3227/MAX3244/MAX3245

The MAX3224/MAX3226/MAX3244 maintain the RS-232

Capacitor Selection ±5.0V minimum transmitter output voltage even at high
The capacitor type used for C1–C4 is not critical for data rates. Figure 7 shows a transmitter loopback test
proper operation; polarized or nonpolarized capacitors circuit. Figure 8 shows a loopback test result at
can be used. The charge pump requires 0.1µF capaci- 120kbps, and Figure 9 shows the same test at
tors for 3.3V operation. For other supply voltages, see 250kbps. For Figure 8, all transmitters were driven
Table 3 for required capacitor values. Do not use val-
ues smaller than those listed in Table 3. Increasing the
capacitor values (e.g., by a factor of 2) reduces ripple
FORCEON =
on the transmitter outputs and slightly reduces power 5V/div
FORCEOFF
consumption. C2, C3, and C4 can be increased without 0
T1OUT
changing C1’s value. However, do not increase C1
without also increasing the values of C2, C3, C4,
and CBYPASS, to maintain the proper ratios (C1 to
the other capacitors). 2V/div
0
When using the minimum required capacitor values,
make sure the capacitor value does not degrade
excessively with temperature. If in doubt, use capaci-
tors with a larger nominal value. The capacitor’s equiv- T2OUT
VCC = 3.3V
alent series resistance (ESR), which usually rises at low 5V/div
C1–C4 = 0.1µF READY
temperatures, influences the amount of ripple on V+ 0
and V-. 5µs/div

Power-Supply Decoupling Figure 6. Transmitter Outputs when Exiting Shutdown or

In most circumstances, a 0.1µF VCC bypass capacitor Powering Up
is adequate. In applications that are sensitive to power-
supply noise, use a capacitor of the same value as
VCC
charge-pump capacitor C1. Connect bypass capaci-
tors as close to the IC as possible. CBYPASS

Transmitter Outputs VCC

when Exiting Shutdown C1+ V+
Figure 6 shows two transmitter outputs when exiting C1 C3*
shutdown mode. As they become active, the two trans- C1- MAX3224
mitter outputs are shown going to opposite RS-232 lev- MAX3225
C2+ MAX3226 V-
els (one transmitter input is high; the other is low). Each
C2 MAX3227 C4
transmitter is loaded with 3kΩ in parallel with 1000pF.
C2- MAX3244
The transmitter outputs display no ringing or undesir-
able transients as they come out of shutdown. Note that MAX3245
the transmitters are enabled only when the magnitude T_ IN T_ OUT
of V- exceeds approximately -3V.

R_ OUT R_ IN
Table 3. Required Minimum Capacitance
Values FORCEON 5k 1000pF
VCC C1, CBYPASS C2, C3, C4
(V) (µF) (µF) VCC FORCEOFF
GND
3.0 to 3.6 0.1 0.1
4.5 to 5.5 0.047 0.33
3.0 to 5.5 0.22 1 *C3 CAN BE RETURNED TO VCC OR GND.

Figure 7. Loopback Test Circuit

12 ______________________________________________________________________________________
 1µA Supply Current, 1Mbps, 3.0V to 5.5V,
RS-232 Transceivers with AutoShutdown Plus
simultaneously at 120kbps into RS-232 loads in parallel Mouse Driveability

MAX3224–MAX3227/MAX3244/MAX3245
with 1000pF. For Figure 9, a single transmitter was dri- The MAX3244/MAX3245 are specifically designed to
ven at 250kbps, and all transmitters were loaded with power serial mice while operating from low-voltage
an RS-232 receiver in parallel with 250pF. power supplies. They have been tested with leading
The MAX3225/MAX3227/MAX3245 maintain the RS-232 mouse brands from manufacturers such as Microsoft
±5.0V minimum transmitter output voltage at data rates and Logitech. The MAX3244/MAX3245 successfully
up to 1Mbps (MegaBaud). Figure 10 shows a loopback drove all serial mice tested and met their respective
test result with a single transmitter driven at 1Mbps and current and voltage requirements. The MAX3244/
all transmitters loaded with an RS-232 receiver in paral- MAX3245 dual charge pump ensures the transmitters
lel with 250pF. will supply at least ±5V during worst-case conditions.
Figure 11a shows the transmitter output voltages under
increasing load current. Figure 11b shows a typical
mouse connection.

T1IN 5V/div T1IN 5V/div

5V/div T1OUT 5V/div

T1OUT

5V/div 5V/div
R1OUT R1OUT
VCC = 3.3V VCC = 3.3V

2µs/div 200ns/div

Figure 8. MAX3224/MAX3226/MAX3244 Loopback Test Result Figure 10. MAX3225/MAX3227/MAX3245 Loopback Test
at 120kbps Result at 1Mbps

6
5
TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)

4 VOUT+
T1IN 5V/div VCC = 3.0V
3
2
1 VOUT+

5V/div 0
T1OUT
-1
-2
VCC VOUT-
-3
-4 VOUT-
5V/div
R1OUT
-5
VCC = 3.3V
-6
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2µs/div
LOAD CURRENT PER TRANSMITTER (mA)

Figure 9. MAX3224/MAX3226/MAX3244 Loopback Test Result Figure 11a. MAX324_ Transmitter Output Voltage vs. Load
at 250kbps Current per Transmitter

______________________________________________________________________________________ 13
 1µA Supply Current, 1Mbps, 3.0V to 5.5V,
RS-232 Transceivers with AutoShutdown Plus
MAX3224–MAX3227/MAX3244/MAX3245

+3.3V
26
0.1µF
VCC
28 27
C1+
C1 V+
C3
0.1µF 24 0.1µF
C1- COMPUTER SERIAL PORT

1 MAX3244 3
C2+ V-
C2 MAX3245 C4
0.1µF 2 0.1µF
C2-

14 T1IN T1OUT 9 +V

LOGIC 13 T2IN T2OUT 10 +V

INPUTS

12 T3IN T3OUT 11 -V

GND
20 R2OUTB

19 R1OUT R1IN 4 Tx

5k

18 R2OUT R2IN 5

LOGIC 5k
OUTPUTS
17 R3OUT R3IN 6 RS-232
INPUTS
5k

16 R4OUT R4IN 7

5k
SERIAL
15 R5OUT R5IN 8 MOUSE

23 5k
FORCEON

VCC 22
FORCEOFF

TO POWER-
21
MANAGEMENT INVALID GND
UNIT
25

Figure 11b. Mouse Driver Test Circuit

14 ______________________________________________________________________________________
 1µA Supply Current, 1Mbps, 3.0V to 5.5V,
RS-232 Transceivers with AutoShutdown Plus
Interconnection with 3V and 5V Logic

MAX3224–MAX3227/MAX3244/MAX3245
The MAX3224–MAX3227/MAX3244/MAX3245 can
directly interface with various 5V logic families, includ-
ing ACT and HCT CMOS. See Table 4 for more infor-
mation on possible combinations of interconnections.
Table 5 lists other Maxim 3.0V to 5.5V powered trans-
ceivers.

Table 4. Logic Family Compatibility with Various Supply Voltages

SYSTEM VCC SUPPLY

POWER-SUPPLY VOLTAGE COMPATIBILITY
VOLTAGE (V) (V)

3.3 3.3 Compatible with all CMOS families

5 5 Compatible with all TTL and CMOS families
5 3.3 Compatible with ACT and HCT CMOS, and with AC, HC, or CD4000 CMOS

Table 5. 3.0V to 5.5V Powered RS-232 Transceivers from Maxim

SUPPLY
NO. SUPPLY AUTO- GUARANTEED
VOLTAGE AUTO-
PART OF CURRENT SHUTDOWN DATA RATE
RANGE SHUTDOWN
Tx/Rx (µA) PLUS (bps)
(V)
MAX3241 +3.0 to +5.5 3/5 300 — — 120k
MAX3243 +3.0 to +5.5 3/5 1 — Yes 120k
MAX3244 +3.0 to +5.5 3/5 1 Yes — 250k
MAX3245 +3.0 to +5.5 3/5 1 Yes — 1M
MAX3232 +3.0 to +5.5 2/2 300 — — 120k
MAX3222 +3.0 to +5.5 2/2 300 — — 120k
MAX3223 +3.0 to +5.5 2/2 1 — Yes 120k
MAX3224 +3.0 to +5.5 2/2 1 Yes — 250k
MAX3225 +3.0 to +5.5 2/2 1 Yes — 1M
MAX3221 +3.0 to +5.5 1/1 1 — Yes 120k
MAX3226 +3.0 to +5.5 1/1 1 Yes — 250k
MAX3227 +3.0 to +5.5 1/1 1 Yes — 1M

______________________________________________________________________________________ 15
 1µA Supply Current, 1Mbps, 3.0V to 5.5V,
RS-232 Transceivers with AutoShutdown Plus
___________________________________________________Typical Operating Circuits
MAX3224–MAX3227/MAX3244/MAX3245

+3.3V
+3.3V
15 CBYPASS 26
CBYPASS 0.1µF
0.1µF
VCC VCC
2 C1+ 3 28 C1+ 27
C1 V+ C1 V+
C3
0.1µF 4 C1- 0.1µF 24 C1- C3
0.1µF
0.1µF
MAX3226
5 7 1 3
C2+ MAX3227 V- C4 C2+ MAX3244 V-
C2 C2 C4
6 0.1µF 2 MAX3245
0.1µF C2- 0.1µF C2- 0.1µF

11 T1IN T1OUT 13 14 T1IN T1OUT 9

9 R1OUT R1IN 8 13 T2IN T2OUT 10

5k 12 T3IN T3OUT 11

TO POWER- 22 FORCEOFF
1 READY AUTOSHUTDOWN INVALID 10 AUTOSHUTDOWN INVALID 21
MANAGEMENT
PLUS UNIT 23 FORCEON PLUS

12 FORCEON FORCEOFF 16
VCC
GND 20 R2OUTB
14
19 R1OUT R1IN 4
+3.3V
5k
19
CBYPASS 0.1µF
VCC 18 R2OUT R2IN 5
2 C1+ 3
C1 V+
C3 5k
0.1µF 4 0.1µF
C1-
MAX3224 17 R3OUT R3IN 6
5 7
C2+ MAX3225 V- C4
C2 5k
6 0.1µF
0.1µF C2-
16 R4OUT R4IN 7
13 T1IN T1OUT 17

TTL/CMOS RS-232 5k
INPUTS OUTPUTS
12 T2IN T2OUT 8
15 R5OUT R5IN 8

5k
15 R1OUT R1IN 16

TTL/CMOS RS-232 GND

5k
OUTPUTS INPUTS 25
10 R2OUT R2IN 9

5k

AUTOSHUTDOWN TO POWER-
1 READY INVALID 11
PLUS MANAGEMENT
UNIT
14 FORCEON FORCEOFF 20
VCC
GND
18

16 ______________________________________________________________________________________
 1µA Supply Current, 1Mbps, 3.0V to 5.5V,
RS-232 Transceivers with AutoShutdown Plus
___________________________________________________________ Pin Configurations

MAX3224–MAX3227/MAX3244/MAX3245
READY 1 16 FORCEOFF C2+ 1 28 C1+
C1+ 2 15 VCC C2- 2 27 V+
V+ 3 14 GND V- 3 26 VCC
C1- 4 MAX3226 13 T1OUT R1IN 4 25 GND
MAX3227
C2+ 5 12 FORCEON R2IN 5 24 C1-
MAX3244
C2- 6 11 T1IN R3IN 6 MAX3245 23 FORCEON
V- 7 10 INVALID R4IN 7 22 FORCEOFF
R1IN 8 9 R1OUT R5IN 8 21 INVALID
T1OUT 9 20 R2OUTB
SSOP
T2OUT 10 19 R1OUT
T3OUT 11 18 R2OUT
READY 1 20 FORCEOFF
T3IN 12 17 R3OUT
C1+ 2 19 VCC
T2IN 13 16 R4OUT
V+ 3 18 GND
T1IN 14 15 R5OUT
C1- 4 17 T1OUT
C2+ 5 MAX3224 16 R1IN SO/SSOP
MAX3225
C2- 6 15 R1OUT
V- 7 14 FORCEON
T2OUT 8 13 T1IN
R2IN 9 12 T2IN
R2OUT 10 11 INVALID

DIP/SSOP

__Ordering Information (continued) ___________________Chip Information

PART TEMP. RANGE PIN-PACKAGE MAX3224
MAX3226CAE 0°C to +70°C 16 SSOP TRANSISTOR COUNT: 1129
MAX3226EAE -40°C to +85°C 16 SSOP MAX3225
MAX3227CAE 0°C to +70°C 16 SSOP TRANSISTOR COUNT: 1129
MAX3227EAE -40°C to +85°C 16 SSOP
MAX3226
MAX3244CWI 0°C to +70°C 28 Wide SO
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 1129
MAX3244CAI 0°C to +70°C 28 SSOP
MAX3244EWI -40°C to +85°C 28 Wide SO MAX3227
MAX3244EAI -40°C to +85°C 28 SSOP TRANSISTOR COUNT: 1129
MAX3245CWI 0°C to +70°C 28 Wide SO MAX3244/MAX3245
MAX3245CAI 0°C to +70°C 28 SSOP TRANSISTOR COUNT: 1335
MAX3245EWI -40°C to +85°C 28 Wide SO
MAX3245EAI -40°C to +85°C 28 SSOP

______________________________________________________________________________________ 17
 1µA Supply Current, 1Mbps, 3.0V to 5.5V,
RS-232 Transceivers with AutoShutdown Plus
________________________________________________________Package Information
MAX3224–MAX3227/MAX3244/MAX3245

[Link]

18 ______________________________________________________________________________________
 1µA Supply Current, 1Mbps, 3.0V to 5.5V,
RS-232 Transceivers with AutoShutdown Plus
___________________________________________Package Information (continued)

MAX3224–MAX3227/MAX3244/MAX3245
[Link]

______________________________________________________________________________________ 19
 1µA Supply Current, 1Mbps, 3.0V to 5.5V,
RS-232 Transceivers with AutoShutdown Plus
___________________________________________Package Information (continued)
MAX3224–MAX3227/MAX3244/MAX3245

[Link]

Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are
implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.

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