SESSION 7
CLOUD SERVICE MODELS
OBJECTIVES
➢Definition and characteristic of
o IAAS
o PAAS
o SAAS
INTRODUCTION
➢The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) defines three
basic service models, namely, IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS
USER AND SERVICE PROVIDER RESPONSIBILITIES OF
Which one is IaaS, PaaS, or SaaS?
CLOUD SERVICE MODELS
DEPLOYMENT AND DELIVERY OF DIFFERENT CLOUD
SERVICE DELIVERY MODELS
INFRASTRUCTURE AS A SERVICE
➢IaaS changes the computing from a physical infrastructure to a virtual
infrastructure
➢IaaS provides virtual computing, storage, and network resources by
abstracting the physical resources
➢All the virtual resources are given to the virtual machines (VMs) that
are configured by the service provider
SERVICES PROVIDED BY IAAS PROVIDERS
central processing units provides virtual
(CPUs) and virtual main networking
memory for the VMs components such as
that are provisioned to virtual router, switch,
the end users and bridge for the VMs
Some of the IaaS
provides load balancing
providers also provide
capability at the
the back end for storing
infrastructure layer
files.
CHARACTERISTICS OF IAAS
➢Web access to the resources:Through any web browsers or
management console, the users can access the required infrastructure
➢Centralized management: Even though the physical resources are
distributed, the management will be from a single place.
➢Elasticity and dynamic scaling: The usage of resources can be increased
or decreased according to the requirements
➢Shared infrastructure: Allows multiple IT users to share the same
physical infrastructure. IaaS ensures high resource utilization.
CHARACTERISTICS OF IAAS
➢Preconfigured VMs: The IT users can select any kind of VMs of their
choice. The users can directly start using the VMs as soon as they
subscribed to the services
➢Metered services: The services consumed by the IT user will be
measured, and the users will be charged by the IaaS providers based on
the amount of usage.
SUITABILITY OF IAAS
➢IaaS reduces the total cost of ownership (TCO) and increases the return
on investment (ROI) for start-up companies that cannot invest more in
buying infrastructure.
➢IaaS can be used in the following situations
o Unpredictable spikes in usage
o Limited capital investment
o Infrastructure on demand
DRAWBACKS OF IAAS
➢Security issues: Since IaaS uses virtualization as the enabling
technology, hypervisors play an important role. There are many attacks
that target the hypervisors to compromise it
➢Interoperability issues: It is very difficult to migrate any VM from one
IaaS provider to the other. Sometimes, the customers might face the
vendor lock-in problem
➢Performance issues: Latency of the network plays an important role in
deciding the performance. Because of latency issues, sometimes the
VM contains issues with its performance
PLATFORM AS A SERVICE
➢PaaS allows the developers to develop their application online and also
allows them to deploy immediately on the same platform
➢It reduces the complexity of buying and maintaining different tools for
developing an application
➢Typical PaaS providers may provide programming languages,
application frameworks, databases, and testing tools
SERVICES PROVIDED BY PAAS PROVIDER
Some of the popular
application
PaaS providers provide
development
a wide variety of
frameworks provided by
programming languages
a PaaS provider include
for the developers
[Link], Rails, Drupal,
Joomla, WordPress
The popular databases PaaS providers provide
provided by the popular all the tools that are
PaaS vendors are required to develop,
ClearDB, PostgreSQL, test, and deploy an
Cloudant,, MongoDB application
CHARACTERISTICS OF PAAS
➢All in one: Most of the PaaS providers offer services to develop, test,
deploy, host, and maintain applications in the same IDE
➢Using web UI, any developer can get access to the development
platform. The web-based UI helps the developers create, modify, test,
and deploy different applications on the same platform.
➢Offline access: Some of the PaaS providers allow the developer to
synchronize their local IDE with the PaaS services
➢Built-in scalability: This ensures that the application is capable of
handling varying loads efficiently
CHARACTERISTICS OF PAAS
➢Collaborative platform: Developers can collaboratively work together
on the same project from different workplaces.
➢Diverse client tools: To make the development easier, PaaS providers
provide a wide variety of client tools to help the developer
SUITABILITY OF PAAS
➢Collaborative development: A common place where the development
team and other stakeholders of the application can collaborate with
each other
➢Automated testing and deployment: The development team needs to
concentrate more on development rather than testing and deployment.
➢Time to market: The PaaS services follow the iterative and incremental
development methodologies. The PaaS services are the best option for
application development that uses agile development methodologies
DRAWBACKS OF PAAS
➢Vendor lock-in: Because proprietary technologies used by PaaS providers so
that the applications to be migrated from one PaaS provider to the other.
➢Security issues: Since data are stored in off-premise third-party servers,
developers are afraid to go for PaaS
➢Less flexibility: PaaS providers do not give much freedom for the developers
to define their own application stack
➢Depends on Internet connection: With slow Internet connection, the usability
and efficiency of the PaaS platform do not satisfy the developer
requirements
SOFTWARE AS A SERVICE
➢There is no need to install the software to the end user’s devices.
➢SaaS services can be accessed or disconnected at any time based on
the end user’s needs
➢SaaS services can be accessed from any lightweight web browsers on
any devices such as laptops, tablets, and smartphones.
➢The important benefits of using thin clients for accessing the SaaS
application are as follows: it is less vulnerable to attack, has a longer life
cycle, consumes less power, and is less expensive
PROVIDED BY SAAS PROVIDERS. Since the number of
users of the social
The business SaaS networking sites is
services include ERP, increasing
CRM, billing, sales, and exponentially, cloud
human resources computing is the
perfect match for
handling the variable
load
services that are used most of the e-mail
to create, manage, and providers started
track electronic offering their services
documents as SaaS services
CHARACTERISTICS OF SAAS
➢One to many: application can be shared by multiple tenants or
customers
➢Web access: It allows the end user to access the application from any
location with internet connection
➢Centralized management: the SaaS providers will perform the
automatic updates that ensure that each tenant is accessing the most
recent version of the application without any user-side updates
➢Multidevice support: can be accessed from any end user devices such
as desktops, laptops, tablets, smartphones
CHARACTERISTICS OF SAAS
➢Better scalability: The dynamic scaling of underlying cloud resources
makes SaaS applications work efficiently even with varying loads.
➢High availability: ensure the 99.99% availability of user data as proper
backup and recovery mechanisms are implemented at the back end
➢API integration: the capability of integrating with other software or
service through standard APIs
SUITABILITY OF SAAS
➢On-demand software: The licensing-based software model increases
the spending on buying software.
➢Software for start-up companies: Can reduce the initial expenditure on
buying high-end hardware
➢Software compatible with multiple devices: The SaaS applications are
adaptable with almost all the devices.
➢Software with varying loads: Applications can handle varying loads
efficiently without disrupting the normal behavior of the a
DRAWBACKS OF SAAS
➢Real-time applications: Since SaaS applications depend on Internet
connectivity, it may not work better with low Internet speed
➢Applications with confidential data: Since data are stored with third-
party service providers, there is no surety that our data will be safe.
➢Better on-premise application: In such situations, migrating to the SaaS
model may not be the best option.
PROS OF SAAS
➢No client-side installation
➢Cost savings
➢Less maintenance
➢Ease of access
➢Dynamic scaling
➢Disaster recovery
➢Multitenancy:
CONS OF SAAS
➢Security: Security is the major concern in migrating to SaaS application.
Since the SaaS application is shared between many end users, there is a
possibility of data leakage
➢Connectivity requirements: Sometimes, the end user’s Internet
connectivity might be very slow.
➢Loss of control: Since the data are stored in a third-party and off-
premise location, the end user does not have any control over the data.
SUMMARY
➢IAAS
➢PAAS
➢SAAS
REFERENCES