Chapter 3

Methodology

This phase presents the research design, the respondents of the study, the research

environment, the sampling technique, the data gathering instruments, the data gathering

procedure, and the statistical treatment used in this study.

Research Design

The study's descriptive research design is used to assess the challenges, interventions, and

alternative action/ approaches in strengthening the Police Community relation through police

nyo sa barangay. It is because the present study is concerned with knowing the profile and the

challenges by the PNP during the pandemic and actions taken by them to promote a stronger

police community relation.

The descriptive method of investigation was used in this study. It is the most appropriate

procedure that suited into the aims, data collection method, and data presentation procedure to

answer questions such as what, how, and to what extent the topic is relevant, and to try to

describe the current condition, events, or system based on the respondents' perceptions.

Descriptive research can be defined as analyzing the present state of affairs, with

the researcher having no control over the variables. Furthermore, "descriptive research" can be

defined as "the attempt to determine, describe, or identify what is, whereas analytical research

tries to figure out why something is the way it is or how it came to be. Descriptive research aims

to shed light on existing challenges or problems through a data collection procedure that allows
them to explain the situation more thoroughly than would be possible otherwise (Creswell,

2014).

Population and Locale of the study

The researchers will involve several respondents from PNP officers who are assigned as

Police Nyo Sa Barangay in Ilagan City Isabela that the statistician will approve.

The study's respondents will be all of the assigned Police Nyo Sa barangay officerin the

City Of Ilagan. The study is limited to the selected respondents from PNP ILAGAN CITY.

Data Gathering Tool

The data for this study will be acquired through statistical tools and a questionnaire.

These instruments will be used to assess the challenges, interventions, and alternative action in

strengthening the police community relation . The study uses statistical approaches to planning,

designing, collecting data, analyzing, drawing relevant interpretations, and reporting the research

findings. The statistical analysis provides meaning to meaningless statistics, giving life to data

that was before lifeless. The results and inferences are precise only if proper statistical tests are

used.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researcher will use a questionnaire it will compose of a list of question to be

answered by the selected respondents. Questionnaires are made up of a series of questions and a

set of answer options, each of which can be given a numerical value. It facilitates and speeds up
the analysis of questionnaire results. Quantitative questionnaires are the most effective technique

for collecting numerical data to confirm assumptions. This method employs closed-ended

questions with numerical values for respondents to pick from, allowing participants to select

their age groups. The responders then choose answers from a list and are given no opportunity to

express their thoughts or opinions on the topics. Participants could be asked to rank their

sentiments on a scale of one to five, with one being "not at all" and five being "very much/to a

huge amount." The data is subsequently analyzed and shown in graphs and bar charts. While,

questionnaire in qualitative part includes open-ended questions, where the participants can freely

answer the questions without choosing an option. They can write anything that comes into their

mind.

All information gathered is kept confidential as promised to the respondents. All data

collected will be carefully studied for reliability and consistency at the essential respondent

relevant to the study. The researcher will follow the following steps and procedures:

A letter of permission requesting the conduct of the study will be passed to the research

director upon the consent of the Research Director and the dean of the university to start

the investigation.

They composed a letter for the respondents and the individuals involved in conducting

the study. After the letter's composition, the researcher will formulate questionnaires for

the survey respondent.

Float and retrieve the answered questionnaires from the respondents.

Organize, interpretation and analyzation of the gathered information.

Treatment of data

To analyze the data being gathered for this study, the researchers will use the following

statistical tools:

Frequency and Percentage. This will be used to determine the profile of the respondents.

This tool reduces the different sets of numbers or standard frequencies of comparative

sets of numbers. It is employed as a form of numerical analysis. This was utilized to

determine the respondents' responses in each category.

Where:

P = Percentage

F= Frequency

N = Toa tremendous

100 = given or constant

Mean (x). This formula will be used in determining the average perception of the

respondents. Mean was used to determine the intermediate answer of the respondents in

the assessment of the project.

Where:

= Mean

F = Frequency
X = Score of Respondents

N= Total Number of Respondents

Likert Scale. This was used to determine the level of how the respondents were satisfied.

Option Intervals Interpretation

5 4.20 - 5.00 Very Satisfied

4 3.40 – 4.19 Satisfied

3 2.60 – 3.39 Neutral

2 1.80 – 2.59 Not Satisfied

1 1.00 – 1.79 Very not satisfied

Slovin's formula will be used to calculate sample size to determine the ideal sample size

for a population. Slovin's procedure is used when nothing about a person's behavior is

known.

n=

Where:

N = total population

n = sample size

e = margin of error

Data Analysis
 This data in this study will be examined through observation notes and questionnaire

responses. The results of the questionnaires are used to assess the challenges, interventions, and

alternative action in strengthening Police Community Relation through Police Nyo Po Sa

Barangay in the City of Ilagan. The researcher will conduct this evaluation to determine the

respondents, the challenges, interventions, and alternative action in strengthening Police

Community Relation through Police Nyo Po Sa Barangay in the City of Ilagan

Furthermore, the respondent's perceptions and responses will be assessed using studies

found in a review of related literature.

Ethical Considerations

References:

Joaquin, Rose Mary J., Police community relations and effectiveness of PNP, Ilocos Norte

Thesis ([Link].) -University of Northern Philippines, Vigan City, Ilocos Norte, 2005.

Tuando, Rolando P. ,The degree of effectiveness of the police-community partnership and the

crime incidence in the province of Siquijor as perceived by the respondents,Thesis

([Link].) - Siquijor State College, Larena, Siquijor, 2003.

Peckley, Miller F. and Eduardo, Jester P., “Essentials of Criminology.”2010; Wiseman’s

Book Trading Inc., Quezon City

Manwong, Rommel K. and Foronda, Mercedes A.,” Criminal Justice System: Settings and

Procedures.” 2009; Wiseman’s Book Trading Inc., Quezon City

Kappeler, V. E. & Gaines, L. K. Community Policing: A Contemporary Perspective. 2012

Police Community Relations Manual (Revised). PNPM-DPCR-DS-7-01-12. 2012

Hinds, Lyn and Fleming, J. Crime Victimization and Police Legitimacy: The Importance of

Beliefs and Experience. 2006

Docobo, Jose. Community-Policing as the Primary Prevention Strategy for Homel and Security

at the Local Enforcement Level. 2005

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