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Partial Variation for JSS3 Mathematics

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128 views3 pages

Partial Variation for JSS3 Mathematics

Uploaded by

KABENGWA PETER
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL, BAKO

FIRST TERM. 2022-2023 ACADEMIC SESSION

LESSON NOTE
DATE:22nd November, 2022.
SUBJECT: Mathematics.
CLASS: J S 3.
DURATION: 30 Minutes.
TOPIC: Variation continues.
SUB TOPIC: Partial variation.
partial variation
Note that partial variation involves two(2) equation.
example1.
x is partly constant and partly varies as y. When y = 2 and x = 30, and
when y = 6 , x = 50.
Find the relationship between x and y .

solution
x = k +c y( k and c are constant)
30 = k + 2c
K + 2c = 30
Also:
50 = k + 6c
k + 6c= 50
Then:
k + 2c = 30--------------------------1
k + 6c = 50--------------------------2
Equation( 1) – equation( 2)
-4c = -20
c=5
Put c = 5 in equation 1
K + 2c = 30
k + 2(5) = 30
k = 30 – 10
k = 20
Recall:
x = k + cy
x = 20 + 5y
example 2
x is partly constant and partly varies as y. When y = 3 and x = 11, and
when y = 4 , x = 14.
[Link] the relationship between x and y .
b. Find x when y = 10
solution

x = k +c y( k and c are constant)


11 = k + 3c
K + 3c = 11
Also:
14 = k + 4c
k + 4c= 14
Then:
k + 3c = 11--------------------------1
k + 4c = 14--------------------------2
Equation( 1) – equation( 2)
-c = -3
c=3
Put c = 3 in equation 1
K + 3c = 11
k + 3(3) = 11
k = 11 – 9
k=2
Recall:
x = k + cy
x = 2 + 3y

b. x = 2+ 3y
x = 2 + 3 x 10
x = 2 + 30
x = 32
evaluation/class work
1. x is partly constant and partly varies as y. When y = 8 and x = 10, and
when y = 4 , x = 40.
Find the relationship between x and y .

2. x is partly constant and partly varies as y. When y = 9 and x = 21, and


when y = 4 , x = 24.
[Link] the relationship between x and y .
b. Find x when y = 10

assignment

m is partly constant and partly varies as n. When n = 4 and m = 5, and


when n = 6 , m= 12.
Find the relationship between m and n .

Common questions

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The examples in partial variation illustrate the process of forming and solving equations to find the relationship between two variables. They provide concrete cases of how to derive constants like k and c from data points, reinforcing the understanding of these concepts and their applications in real-world scenarios .

'Partly varying' implies a combination of direct variation and a constant component. It is expressed in equations as a sum of a constant and a term that directly varies with another variable, such as x = k + cy. Here, k is the constant component, and cy is the part that directly varies with y .

Using the relationship x = 2 + 3y, substitute y = 10 into the equation: x = 2 + 3(10) = 2 + 30 = 32. Thus, x equals 32 when y is 10 .

To find the relationship for m partly varying with n, first express m as m = k + cn. Using given values such as n=4, m=5 and n=6, m=12, form two equations: 5 = k + 4c and 12 = k + 6c. Subtract to eliminate k, resulting in -2c = -7, so c = 3.5. Substitute c back into one equation to solve for k. The final relationship is m = k + 3.5n .

Verification ensures that derived constants accurately model the data, confirming both logical consistency and correctness. By substituting solutions back into original equations, you validate that the relationship holds across all given data points, thus avoiding errors in practical applications .

To derive the constants k and c, set up two equations based on given data points. For instance, with points (y=2, x=30) and (y=6, x=50), we write x = k + cy as 30 = k + 2c and 50 = k + 6c. Subtract these to eliminate k, yielding -4c = -20, so c = 5. Substitute c back into one equation, 30 = k + 2(5), to solve for k = 20. The relationship becomes x = 20 + 5y .

Challenges include forming correct initial equations from data points and accurately performing algebraic manipulation. These can be addressed by careful checking of equation setup, ensuring proper subtraction or elimination methods to solve for constants, and verifying results by substituting back into the original scenario .

Consider a scenario where a company's profit P partly depends on the number of units sold U plus a fixed operating cost. Given P is $110,000 when U is 3000, and P is $150,000 when U is 6000, find the relationship. Write P = k + cU. Form equations: 110,000 = k + 3000c and 150,000 = k + 6000c. Solve these: 3000c = 40,000, so c = 13.33. Substitute back to find k = 70,000. The relationship is P = 70,000 + 13.33U, demonstrating partial variation .

The relationship between x and y is given by the equation x = 20 + 5y. This is derived by solving the system of equations formed by x = k + cy. With the given data points, (30 = k + 2c) and (50 = k + 6c), we find c = 5 and then k = 20 by substitution .

The constant k in the equation x = k + cy represents the part of x that does not change with y. This term indicates a fixed value added to whatever variation occurs due to changes in y, essentially setting a base level for x .

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