Zheng Xiang • Matthias Fuchs • Ulrike Gretzel •
Wolfram Höpken
Editors
Handbook of e-Tourism
With 238 Figures and 112 Tables
Contents
Volume 1
Part I Foundation of e-Tourism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1 e-Tourism: An Informatics Perspective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Hannes Werthner
2 Development of Information and Communication Technology:
From e-Tourism to Smart Tourism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Rosanna Leung
3 Drivers of e-Tourism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Dimitrios Buhalis
4 e-Tourism Research: A Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Yulan Yuan, Yuen-Hsien Tseng, and Ching Li
5 A Post-disciplinary Perspective on e-Tourism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Tim Coles, C. Michael Hall, and David Timothy Duval
6 Consumer Behavior in e-Tourism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
S. Volo and A. Irimiás
7 Developments in German e-Tourism: An Industry Perspective . . . . 141
Claudia Brözel
8 Digitalization and the Transformation of Tourism Economics . . . . . 173
Luis Moreno-Izquierdo, Ana B. Ramón-Rodríguez, and
Adrián Más-Ferrando
Part II Technologies in e-Tourism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
9 The Evolution of Online Booking Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Robert Goecke
10 Advanced Web Technologies and E-Tourism Web Applications . . . 221
Robert Goecke
xiii
xiv Contents
11 Web Information Retrieval and Search . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
Jürgen Dorn
12 Mobile Applications for e-Tourism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273
Wolfgang Wörndl and Daniel Herzog
13 Internet of Things and Ubiquitous Computing in the Tourism
Domain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
Elena Not, Dario Cavada, and Adriano Venturini
14 Augmented, Virtual, and Mixed Reality in Tourism . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317
Roman Egger and Larissa Neuburger
15 Electronic Data Interchange and Standardization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343
Christian Huemer, Philipp Liegl, and Marco Zapletal
16 Semantic Web Empowered E-Tourism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373
Kevin Angele, Dieter Fensel, Elwin Huaman, Elias Kärle,
Oleksandra Panasiuk, Umutcan Şimşek, Ioan Toma, and
Alexander Wahler
17 Big Data Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419
Constantine J. Aivalis
18 Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435
Luisa Mich
19 Recommender Systems in Tourism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457
Francesco Ricci
20 Blockchain and Tourism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 475
Horst Treiblmaier
21 Business Intelligence in Tourism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 497
Wolfram Höpken and Matthias Fuchs
Part III e-Tourism Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 529
22 Data Mining and Predictive Analytics for E-tourism . . . . . . . . . . . . . 531
Nuno Antonio, Ana de Almeida, and Luis Nunes
23 Content Analysis of Online Travel Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 557
Estela Marine-Roig
24 Network Science and e-Tourism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 583
Julia Neidhardt
25 Spatial Analytics and Data Visualization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 595
Yang Yang
26 The Hive Mind at Work: Crowdsourcing E-Tourism Research . . . . 617
Jing Ge-Stadnyk
Contents xv
27 Tourism Design: Articulating Design Beyond Science . . . . . . . . . . . . 635
Mads Bødker
28 Log File Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 659
Constantine J. Aivalis
29 Eye-Tracking Technology for Measuring Banner Advertising
Efficacy on E-Tourism Websites: A Methodological Proposal . . . . . 685
Francisco Muñoz-Leiva
30 User-Centered Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 717
Hilda Tellioğlu
31 E-Tourism Research, Cultural Understanding,
and Netnography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 737
Robert V. Kozinets
32 Mobile Ethnography in Tourism and Hospitality: Concept,
Tools, and Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 753
Elaine Yulan Zhang, Dan Wang, and Sut Ieng Lei
33 Experimental Research in E-Tourism: A Critical Review . . . . . . . . . 775
Lawrence Hoc Nang Fong, Erin Yirun Wang, Rob Law, and
Shousheng Chai
34 Website Evaluation Frameworks: A Review of the Hospitality
and Tourism Field from 1996 to 2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 797
Shanshan Qi
35 User Modelling in E-Tourism: A Human-Computer
Interaction Perspective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 829
Martin Hitz and Gerhard Leitner
36 Market Segmentation for e-Tourism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 849
Sara Dolnicar
37 Visual Methods and Visual Analysis in Tourism Research . . . . . . . . 865
Katharina Lobinger and Emanuele Mele
38 Compositional Data Analysis in E-Tourism Research . . . . . . . . . . . . 893
Berta Ferrer-Rosell, Germà Coenders, and Eva Martin-Fuentes
Volume 2
Part IV Individual & Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 919
39 Travel Information Search . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 921
Zheng Xiang and Daniel R. Fesenmaier
xvi Contents
40 Group Decision-Making and Designing Group Recommender
Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 941
Amra Delić, Thuy Ngoc Nguyen, and Marko Tkalčič
41 Acceptance and Adoption of eTourism Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . 965
Shahab Pourfakhimi, Tara Duncan, Louise Ould, Katie Allan, and
Willem Coetzee
42 Tourists and Augmented and Virtual Reality Experiences . . . . . . . . 997
Jacques Bulchand-Gidumal and Edu William
43 User Experience and Usability: The Case of Augmented
Reality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1017
Safak Korkut, Emanuele Mele, and Lorenzo Cantoni
44 Trust in E-Tourism: Antecedents and Consequences of Trust
in Travel-Related User-Generated Content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1039
Kyung-Hyan Yoo and Jin-A Choi
45 Smart Tourists and Intelligent Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1067
Philip L. Pearce
46 Interactive and Context-Aware Systems in Tourism . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1085
Dietmar Jannach and Markus Zanker
Part V Organization & Enterprise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1107
47 Strategic Use of Information Technologies in Tourism:
A Review and Critique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1109
Matthias Fuchs and Marianna Sigala
48 Management and Leadership for Digital Transformation in
Tourism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1147
Juho Pesonen
49 E-Business Models in Tourism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1181
Stephan Reinhold, Florian J. Zach, and Christian Laesser
50 Service Management in the E-Tourism Era . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1211
Volo Serena and David D’Acunto
51 Destination Management Organization’s Emotional
Branding Communication: Challenges and Opportunities
in Social Media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1235
Assumpció Huertas and Lidija Lalicic
52 Revenue Management and E-Tourism: The Past, Present, and
Future . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1261
Lydia González-Serrano and Pilar Talón-Ballestero
Contents xvii
53 e-Supply Chain Management in Tourism Destinations . . . . . . . . . . . 1289
Xinyan Zhang and Pimtong Tavitiyaman
54 Digital Marketing in Tourism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1311
Christian Maurer
55 Use of GIS and Remote Sensing in Tourism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1335
James M. Magige, Charlynne Jepkosgei, and Simon M. Onywere
56 Social Media Approaches and Communication Strategies in
Tourism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1363
Roberta Minazzi
57 The Voice of Major E-Tourism Players: An Expedia Group
Perspective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1391
Jan Krasnodebski
58 Information and Communication Technology in Event
Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1417
Christine Van Winkle and Jill Bueddefeld
59 Technology-Assisted Mindfulness in the Co-creation of Tourist
Experiences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1439
Uglješa Stankov and Viachaslau Filimonau
60 E-Tools for Tourism Innovation Management:
A New Typology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1465
Anne-Mette Hjalager, Søren Graakjær Smed, and Jens F. Jensen
Part VI Network & Market . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1491
61 The Diffusion of Information and Communication
Technologies in the Tourism Sector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1493
Miriam Scaglione
62 Sharing and Platform Economy in Tourism: An Ecosystem
Review of Actors and Future Research Agenda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1521
Marianna Sigala
63 Digital Ecosystems, Complexity, and Tourism Networks . . . . . . . . . 1545
Rodolfo Baggio
64 Value Co-creation in Dynamic Networks and E-Tourism . . . . . . . . . 1565
Tuomas Pohjola, Arja Lemmetyinen, and Darko Dimitrovski
Part VII Policy, Regulation & Ethics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1589
65 Data Privacy and the Travel Sector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1591
Peter O’Connor
xviii Contents
66 Cybersecurity in Travel and Tourism: A Risk-Based
Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1605
Alexandros Paraskevas
67 e-Government and Tourism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1629
Anna Picco-Schwendener, Nadzeya Kalbaska, Lea Hasenzahl, and
Lorenzo Cantoni
68 Information and Communication Technology for Sustainable
Tourism Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1645
Alisha Ali
69 e-Learning in Tourism Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1667
Nadzeya Kalbaska and Lorenzo Cantoni
70 Technology-Enabled Learning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1687
Ruiqi Deng and Pierre Benckendorff
71 IT and Well-Being in Travel and Tourism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1715
Delia Gabriela Moisa and Eleni Michopoulou
72 E-Tourism Curriculum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1743
Matthias Fuchs and Wolfram Höpken
73 E-Tourism as a Tool for Socio-economic Development . . . . . . . . . . . 1769
Alessandro Inversini, Isabella Rega, and Siew Wei Gan
74 Digital Divide in E-Tourism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1785
Francesc González Reverte and Pablo Díaz Luque
75 Social Media and Crisis Communication in Tourism and
Hospitality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1807
Danielle Barbe and Lori Pennington-Gray
76 Biometrics in Tourism: Issues and Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1835
Han-Foon Neo and Chuan-Chin Teo
77 Simulations in e-Tourism Learning and Management . . . . . . . . . . . . 1851
G. Michael McGrath, Madelene Blaer, Faith Ong,
Leonie Lockstone-Binney, Elisabeth Wilson-Evered, and
Paul Whitelaw
Part VIII e-Tourism Future . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1871
78 Robotics in Tourism and Hospitality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1873
Stanislav Ivanov, Craig Webster, and Katerina Berezina
79 Virtual Reality and the End of Tourism? A Substitution
Acceptance Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1901
Daniel Guttentag
Contents xix
80 A Futuristic Look at Tourism in the Era of the Internet
Ecosystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1921
Sam Lanfranco
81 Impact of Artificial Intelligence in Travel, Tourism
and Hospitality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1943
Jacques Bulchand-Gidumal
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1963