SEC Assignment
1. Cyber Security
a) Define Cyber Security:
- Cyber Security refers to the practices, technologies, and processes designed to protect computers,
networks, programs, and data from unauthorized access, attacks, or damage. It ensures
confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information.
b) Describe the issues and challenges of Cyber Security:
Some common issues and challenges are:
- Phishing Attacks: Fraudulent attempts to obtain sensitive information like passwords.
- Malware Threats: Software like viruses, ransomware, and spyware that harm systems.
- Data Breaches: Unauthorized access to private data.
- Lack of Awareness: Insufficient knowledge about security measures.
- Rapid Technology Evolution: Keeping up with new vulnerabilities.
- Weak Security Policies: Poor implementation of security standards.
2. Computer Network
a) What is a computer network? Define protocol and topology:
- Computer Network: A system of interconnected computers and devices that share data and
resources.
- Protocol: A set of rules and conventions for communication between network devices (e.g., HTTP,
FTP).
- Topology: The layout or arrangement of a network, such as Bus, Star, Ring, or Mesh topology.
b) Explain the different types of network topology with diagrams:
1. Bus Topology: All devices are connected to a single backbone cable.
2. Star Topology: Devices are connected to a central hub or switch.
3. Ring Topology: Devices form a closed-loop; data travels in one direction.
4. Mesh Topology: Every device is interconnected for redundancy.
5. Hybrid Topology: Combines two or more topologies.
3. Cyber Crime
a) Define Cyber Crime:
- Cyber Crime refers to illegal activities conducted using computers or the internet, such as hacking,
identity theft, and online fraud.
b) Explain different types of cyber crimes in our day-to-day life:
1. Phishing: Fraudulent emails or messages tricking users into revealing sensitive information.
2. Hacking: Unauthorized access to a system to steal or manipulate data.
3. Identity Theft: Stealing personal data for fraudulent activities.
4. Online Scams: Fraudulent schemes to deceive users and steal money.
5. Cyberbullying: Harassment through digital platforms.
c) Define Cyber Laws:
- Cyber Laws are legal frameworks designed to address crimes and disputes related to internet use
and digital communications. They ensure privacy, security, and proper use of online resources.
d) Explain different types of cyber laws that help us against cyber crime:
1. Data Protection Laws: Ensure privacy and regulate the collection of personal data.
2. IT Act (2000) in India: Penalizes cybercrimes like hacking and identity theft.
3. Copyright Law: Protects intellectual property online.
4. GDPR (Europe): Protects user data and imposes strict regulations on its usage.
5. Cyber Stalking Laws: Prevent online harassment.