Filtration
Section (5)
Definition
It is a separation of a solid from a
liquid or gas by a porous medium
that retains the solid and allows
fluid to pass.
Classification of filtration equipment:
• 1- Gravity Filter
• 2- Pressure Filter
• 3- Vacuum Filter
• 4- centrifugal Filter
• 5- Miscellaneous Filter
Pressure filter
1) Plate & Frame filter
Vacum filter
1) Rotary drum filter
Rotary drum filter
• Filtration
Darcy’s of filtration law
q = K. A. ΔP / μ. L
• where
• q = Volumetric flow (filtration) rate(ft3/sec)
• K = permeability coefficient (ft3/sec2)
• A = area of filter medium (ft2),
• μ = viscosity of the filtrate (lb /ft . sec)
• ΔP = pressure drop across the filter medium & filter
cake (lb/ ft2)
• L = thickness of filter medium (ft)
• r (specific resistance) = 1 / k
Problems ?
• Problem 1:
Filtration of a precipitate of CaCO3 in water was
carried out using specially designed plate and
frame filter press with a single frame. The frame
has filtering area of 0.283 ft2 and thickness of 1.18
inch. The filtration is carried out at constant
pressure difference of 185472 lb / ft2 knowing that
the viscosity of water is 0.086 lb/ft sec and the
volumetric flow rate is 5 ft3/sec. Calculate the
specific resistance of the filter medium.
Answer:
K = q . μ. L / A . ΔP
• Be noted that = 1.18 inch /12=0.098 foot
So, K = ( 5 X 0.086 X 0.098 )/ ( 0.283 X 185472)
= 8 X 10-7 ft3/sec2
r ( specific resistance ) = 1 / ( 8 X 10-7) =
1250000 sec2 /ft3