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INFINITIVE: LONG =TO GO ; SHORT = GO
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1. + ‘to’ : want ; expect ; hope ; I’d prefer; I’d like ; intend; manage to ; to be able to ;
want; plan ;
: appear, claim, proved, seem, Tom was allowed to go …/ permitted to go…;
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a. I want Tom to go out ; We expect them to arrive in time. ; I’d prefer to you to stay. = present / future
b. He seems to be working now. ; He’s got a headache. He claims to have been working on the computer all morning.
c. Tom claims to have won a lot of money. => First he won the money, then he claimed that he had won it.
d. Passive : Tom hopes to be offered the job. = present ; Tom is believed to have been kidnapped.
=perfect
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2. + ‘to’ : ask ; order ; advise ; suggest ; require ; request ; command ; recommend ; etc.
>see..…..
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The teacher asked me / him / her / us / you / / them / Tom / Ann : to repeat all the rules.
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3. + ‘to’ : It’s advisable / important / odd / necessary / vital / strange / recommendable / natural /etc. >see..……
> It’s advisable for you to repeat all the rules ; It’s necessary for them to be punctual.;…………………………..
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4. + ‘to’: It was / clever / good / nice / thoughtful /etc. of you to write to me .
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5. Tom is / was : sure ; certain ;likely ; glad ; happy ; known ; believed ; reported ;
said ;alleged ;
a. Present : Active =>He is said to solve tests every day ; Passive => He is said to be helped every
day.
~ People say/It is said that he solves tests every day. ; People say/It is said that he is helped every day.
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b. Perfect : Active > He was said to have done it ; Passive > He was said to have been arrested last week.
~People said / It was said that had done it . ; People said / It was said that he had been
arrested last week
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~c. Present Cont. Inf. :Tom is happy to be studying in Paris now. ; =>Tom is happy that he is studying in Paris …
~d. Perf. cont. inf. : Tom is glad to have been learning English all these years; that he has been studying
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6. After : the first / second ; next, best, last, => Tom was the first to arrive. ;
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7. After : too, enough , =>Tom is too young to stay out so late. ; ‘Will Tom be fit enough to play ?’
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8. Purpose sentence : to buy a car ; so as to buy a car ; in order to buy a car ; => ca sa cumpere ; S1= S2;
a . He went to the library : to / so as to / in order to borrow some books. / : for some books.
b. Negation: He left early so as not to be late = in order not to be late. ! # ? not to be late. = rarely used?
~ Tom went to France not to study French, but to study architecture. = to refer to alternatives !
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9. ! ONLY in the PASSIVE VOICE : I was made to laugh. ; Tom was seen to leave. ; He was allowed to go on a trip.
!!! Active voice : He made me x laugh. ; I saw Tom x leave. ; They ^let him x go on a trip.
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