Writing Task 2

⼀. 四种题型分类

[Link] (双边讨论)
2.0pinion(观点类)
[Link] and solution(问题及解决措施)
[Link]-part question(多个问题)

⼆．四种题型的写作框架及逻辑(按照 2-5-5-1 的式分布)

题型⼀ Discussion (双边讨论题型)

e.g: (1) Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
(2) Do you think the advantage outweigh the disadvantage?
(3) is it a positive or negative trend?

写作逻辑:
(1)⾸段:改写题⽬，总结双⽅讨论的核⼼问题+给出个⼈观点
e.g: it's true that... and I would argue that / I believe that
People have different views about. In my view/opinion ..

(2) 主体段 1:阐述对⽴观点产⽣的原因以及优点，给予肯定(让步)

e.g: There are two main reasons why it could be argued that.
On the one hand, it can be argued that.
(3) 主体段 2:阐述⾃⼰同意的那个观点及原因
e.g: However, l agree with those who believe that.
On the other hand...
(4) 总结段:再次重申⾃⼰的观点
e.g: In conclusion, it seems to me that…

题型⼆ opinion (观点类题型-单边讨论

e.g (1) To what extent do you agree or disagree!
写作逻辑:
注意:单边讨论可分为四种主要的意⻅⽅式
1.完全同意 2.完全不同意 3.平衡两边观点 4.部分同意
。完全同意>的写作步骤
(1) ⾸段:改写题⽬，表达⾃已完全同意 ([Link] agree..)
(2) 主体段 1:解释你⽀持的原因-
(3) 主体段 2:解释你⽀持的原因⼆
(4) 总结段:再次重申⾃⼰的观点
⼆.完全不同意>的写作步骤
(1) ⾸段:改写题⽬，表达⾃⼰完全不同意 ([Link] disagree..)
(2) 主体段 1:表达⾃⼰的观点
(3) 主体段 2:解释为什么认为观点是错误的原因(4) 总结段:再次重申⾃⼰的观点
三，平衡观点>的写作步骤

(1) ⾸段:改写题⽬,给出⾃⼰平衡的观点
(2) 主体段 1:表达⾃⼰⽀持某⼀边的观点
(3) 主体段 2:表达为什么也⽀持另⼀边的理由
(4) 总结段:再次重申⾃⼰的平衡观点

四。<部分同意>的写作步骤
(1) ⾸段:改写题⽬，表达接受⼀部分其中⼀边的理由+⾃⼰⽀持的观点
e.g:While I agree that.., I believe that.
(2) 主体段 1:解释为什么⽀持这个观点
(3)主体段 2:解释为什么也⽀持部分对⽴的观点
(5) 总结段:再次重申⾃⼰的观点

题型三 Problem and solution(问题及解决措施

e.g(1) Why is this case?
(2)Explain the main causes / what is the causes of.. , suggest somepossible solutions/How can
we solve the problem?
写作逻辑:
(1)⾸段:改写题⽬，给出⼀般性答案
e.g: It is undeniable that +问题. There are several causes of this 问题
but measures could certainly be taken to solve the problem.

(2)主体段 1:谈论问题

e.g: The main problem is that...Another issue is that.

Furthermore, ... As a result..
(3)主体段 2:阐述解决措施
e.g: However, there are various steps could take to tackle these problem.
Firstly.....econdly... A third option..
(5) 总结段:再次重申⾃⼰的观点
e.g: In conclusion, ...could certainly implement a range of measures to ..

题型四 Two-part questions (复合型题型

通常会讨论⼀个现象，提出⼏个相关的问题
e.g (1) What do you think?
(2)What qualities do you think a successful journalist should have?
写作逻辑:(依次回答问题)
(1) ⾸段:根据题⽬描述现状，提出⾃⼰的观点
(2)主体段 1:对第⼀个问题进⾏回答,提出论据⽀持
(3) 主体段 2:对第⼆个问题进⾏回答，并进⾏适当扩充
(4)总结段:重申核⼼观点
Environmental problems

Causes of environmental damage:

Increased use of private cars and energy consumption

greenhouse effect/ global warming ( 温室效应)

lead to disastrous/catastrophic consequences(导致灾难性的后果)
fossil fuel( 化⽯燃料)
emit greenhouse gas(排放温室⽓体)
exhaust fumes(汽⻋尾⽓)
contain toxic and harmful substance(含有有毒有害物质)
deplete natural resources(耗尽⾃然资源)
put a strain on the resources(给资源造成压⼒)
deteriorate/ become worse(恶化)

Human activities:

fell woods (砍伐树⽊) deforestation(森林减少)

fertilizer and pesticide(化肥和杀⾍剂)
destroy wildlife habitats (破坏动物的栖息地)
underground water (地下⽔)
pose a threat to people's health/cause damage to people's health (危害健康)
marine life(海洋⽣物)
become extinct/die out(灭绝)
trade of animal products(动物制品贸易)
poach(偷猎 )
endangered species(濒危物种)
rare animals(珍稀动物)
illegal hunting/poaching(偷猎)
animals’ rights (动物权益)
maintain /destroy ecological balance 维持⽣态平衡
achieve sustainable development 实现可持续发展
the awareness of environmental protection( 环境保护的意识)
non-biodegradable plastic bags(不可降解的塑料袋)

Responsible parties in environmental protection:

Cooperation between countries; government; individuals

Cooperation:
accelerate global warming(加速全球变暖)
ozone hole(臭氧空洞)
marine pollution(海洋污染)
joint efforts(共同努⼒)
set international standards(伟定国际标准)
hold international meetings/conferences(召开国际会议)
address/ solve/ relieve energy shortage crisis(解决能源短缺)
combat/curb climate change(遏制⽓候变化)

Government:
play an irreplaceable role in(在...中起到不可替代的作⽤)
raise people's awareness of environmental protection(唤起⼈们的环保意识)
develop renewable energy/ clean fuel(开发可再⽣/清洁能源)
renewable / non-renewable resources(可再⽣/不可再⽣资源)
use hydro power to generate electricity(使⽤⽔⼒发电)

Individuals:
classify the waste/sort the garbage(垃圾分类)
disposable throw away product(不可回收的产品)
conserve the energy(节约能源)
environmentally friendly lifestyle(环境友好型的⽣活⽅式)
lead/adopt low carbon lifestyle(过低碳⽣活)
energy consumption( 能源消耗)
reduce emission( 减少排放)
environment-friendly product(环保产品)

Education:

德智体美劳
Moral: Improve moral standard

Intellectual: Theoretical knowledge, independent and critical thinking, analysing skills and
problem-solving ability, communication and social skills, adapt to new environment

Physical: Develop physical fitness, healthy lifestyle

Psychological: Self-cultivation, an appreciation of art and literature

Work: Practical skills, improve career prospects

Grow economy: Well-educated people can solve problems faster and complete work efficiently
as they are familiar with all advanced practices and tools used in industry. They have better
literacy skills so they can possess information and grasp new ideas quickly.
教育的功能和作⽤：
Education can equip individuals with knowledge and skills, increasing their competitiveness in
the job market. Those who have received a good education are more likely to find satisfactory
employment, earn higher wages, and thus improve their quality of life. Additionally, well-
educated people tend to have the ability to discern right from wrong, possess correct values and
ethics, and become valuable contributors to society making greater contributions to the
community.

acquire/impart knowledge (收获传授知识)

well-educated people (受过练好教育的⼈)
practical /useful skills (实⽤性技能)
employable /marketable skills (就业能⼒)
master/command/grasp what has been taught (掌握知识)
become a valuable/useful member of society( 成为对社会有⽤的)
become accustomed to society (适应社会)

In school. teachers can cultivate students' ability to cooperate with peers, respect others, and
learn to be tolerant, Students also learn how to behave correctly in the classroom and follow
instructions given by teaching staff Moreover, the presence of peers in school provides
opportunities for social interaction, which plays an important role in the development of
students’ social skills and helps them cultivate an optimistic and positive attitude.

learn to be tolerant(学会包容)
peers (同龄⼈)
be sociable and outgoing(外向的)
social skills(社交技能)
follow instructions given by teaching staff (听从⽼师们的指示)

寄宿学校：
Living in a boarding school provides a better learning environment where students can achieve
higher study efficiency. When facing learning problems, students can receive immediate help
and guidance from teachers while living on campus. They do not have to commute between
home and school every day, saving them a significant amount of time and energy.

create academic atmosphere/environment (创造学习氛围)

evaluate/improve academic performance(评估/提升学术表现)
make academic achievement(取得学术成就)
offer help and guidance(提供帮助和指导)
a great deal of time and energy(⼤量时间和精⼒)
travel between home and school(学校和家之间奔波)
be diligent in the study(勤奋学习)

In boarding schools, students need to live with people from different backgrounds. They have
to share rooms with each other and engage in daily communication, which will teach them how
to get along with others. This experience also contributes to the development of their social
skills.

University Education

University education is also crucial for society as it can cultivate more qualified talents, and
thus economic development and scientific progress, leading to social advancement.
Furthermore, when more people receive university education, it will raise the overall level of
civilization in society.

qualified talents/workforce(合格的⼈才/劳动⼒) become more civilised(更加⽂明)

不同学科的作⽤：

History:
have a wider scope of knowledge(更加宽⼴的知识⾯)
have a broader view of life(对⽣活有更加前⾯的认识)
draw on the experience(借鉴经验)
enhance the sense of identity(增强⾝份认同感)

Foreign language:
a tool for international communication

Maths:
Logical and abstract thinking ability(逻辑和抽象思维能⼒)

Art:

develop student’s imagination(开发学⽣们的想象⼒)

improve aesthetic sense(提⾼审美意识)
all-round development(全⾯发展)
escape from academic pressure(逃离)

International News:
provide students with a global perspective(提供全球视野)
achieve better understanding of (对…有更好的理解)
international current affairs(国家时政)

⼉童教育：

connive at / be permissive with children( 纵容 )

sense isolation/loneliness(孤独感)
be/get addicted to (上瘾)
be obsessed with / indulge in（沉迷)
show poor behaviour/disruptive behaviour (表现出⾏为不好)
physical and psychological health(⾝⼼健康)
have/lack self-control(有/缺之⾃制⼒)
shape/influence personality (塑造影响性格)

⽗⺟的影响：
The influence of parents plays a crucial role in the upbringing of children. Parents' good
behaviour can serve as a role model for children, but at the same time, their wrong behaviour
may be imitated by children, causing them to go astray.

anti-social behaviour/character 反社会⾏为/性格

Due to being occupied with work, many parents do not have enough time to spend with their
children. Out of guilt, they often choose to fulfil their children’s material demands as a way to
compensate. This overindulgence not only increase the financial burden on families hut also
encourages children to compete in material possessions, leading to a sense of superiority or
inferiority.

compete in material things(物质⽅⾯攀⽐)

make fun of/laugh at
show off(炫耀)
out of vanity (出于虚荣⼼)
be superior to /sense of superiority(优于/优越感)
be inferior to /sense of inferiority(劣于/⾃卑感)

For children who lack the ability to judge right from wrong, having certain rulesand systems
can help them develop proper values and avoid going astrayHowever too many rules and
regulations can hinder the cultivation of theiindependence and even make them rebellious.

相关词汇: become more independent /develop independence(培养独⽴性)

Lost individuality(失去个性)
have/dampen passion /enthusiasm for(有/打消对的热情)
be indifferent to(漠不关⼼)
rebellious(颗逆的)
Interfere with/intervene in(⼲涉/⼲预)
set rules for children/impost rules and regulations on children(制定规则)
have a degree of autonomy(有⼀定的⾃主权)

Technology:

优势：
The widespread use of internet technology makes work, life, and study convenient, fast,
efficient, cost-effective, and time-saving, promoting the development business transactions and
distance education, It provides access to a wide range of information and resources. The social
features of modern communication tools and social networking sites allow us to stay in touch
with family and friends at any time. communicate with people from anywhere without
geographical restrictions, and enjoy activities such as watching movies, reading books, an
listening to music on mobile phones and computers.

Television, videos, and computer games have benefits for children's growth asthey help broaden
their horizons, increase knowledge, relax the mind and body. Additionally, computer games can
enhance their responsiveness and cooperation skills. stimulate their imagination and creativity,
and benefit their mental and physical well-being.