What is Open Cast Mining?
Open-cast mining is a surface
mining technique of extracting rock
or minerals from the earth by their
removal from an open pit or borrow.
o This form of mining differs from
extractive methods that require
tunneling into the earth, such as
long wall mining.
ning vVorKs
21-May-2013 Underground
mining is a method of mining in FIRST
AID
which minerals and ores are
extracted from the earth through
tunnels or shafts. Lots More ...
(a) Bord and pillar mining method: The coal deposit is first worked by driving
galleries, room or bord crossing each other, leaving large pillar of coals during
development stage (max 30% coal recovery), and further extraction of coal is
done during depillaring stage of mining.
(b) Long wall mining method: The coal deposit is extracted practically in a single
stage by slicing along a long face or wall.
Longwall mining is performed by either of the two methods such as
a. Longwall Advance Method
In this method, extraction of coal starts from the main entry is and
proceeds towards the virgin side of the coal seams. This method is
more suitable for the extraction of thin seams. In addition, permanent
support is required at least along two sides of the goaf for ventilation
and passage for the movements of miners.
b. Longwall Retreat Method
In Longwall retreat, a network of narrow openings are made around the
panel under extraction and the mining face moves back from the dead
end towards the zone of initial entry. The permanent opening through
the goaf is not maintained, instead it is allowed to collapse along the
complete width of the panel
Main roadways of the mine
Tail gate
Longwal
face
goaf.
|Main gate
X
My Mining Notes
face
Longwall
Tail gate
goaf
Main gate