PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT TOOLS

1. Beck’s Depression Inventory (Beck)

2. Controlled Projection Test
3. Coping Health Inventory For Parents (CHIP), (McCubbin et al. 1981)
4. Emotional intelligence inventory ([Link])
5. Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (Dr. [Link]).
6. Eysenck’s Personality Questionnaire-Revised
7. Health Behaviour Profile For Exercise
8. Health Behaviour Profile For Nutrition And Diet
9. Job Involvement (Ashok Prathap Singh)
10. Job Satisfaction (Bubey,B.L., Uppal, K.K. and Verma, S.K (1989))
11. Life Events Questionnaire
12. Multi- Phasic Questionnaire
13. Multidimensional Health Locus Of Control Questionnaire([Link] A.
Wallston)
14. Myers–Briggs Type Indicator
15. Parental Stress Scale (Pss), (Berry, J.O., &Jones, W.H. (1995))
16. Perceived Social Support (Van Dongen-Melman)
17. Personal Effectiveness Scale
18. PGI Health Questionnaire N-1 ([Link])
19. Rathus Assertive Schedule
20. Rosenberg’s Self Esteem Scale (Dr. Rosenberg)
21. Self Concept (Moshin)
22. SELF-ESTEEM (by [Link] (1996)
23. Sentence Completion Test
24. Social Reticence Scale (Jones and Briggs)
25. State And Trait Anxiety Questionnaire (Spielberger, Gorsuch and Lushene)
26. State Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI). (Spielberger’s)
27. Stress And Coping Questionnaire (Latha Satish)
28. Stress coping- behaviour measure (Anne Jolvoce)
29. Study Skills Questionnaire ([Link],1986)
30. Symptom Sign Inventory
31. Test Anxiety (Spielberger)
32. The Achievement Motivation Scale (John Ray In 1990)
33. The Albert Mehrabian Trait Anxiety And Depression Scale (1994)
34. The Attribution Of Success And Failure Inventory
35. The Communication Skills Questionnaire
36. The Loco Inventory (Levenson(1972))
37. Type A/B Stress Test
38. Violence Scale (L.L MARSHALL)
39. Well-Being Questionnaire (Goldberg)
40. Work Locus of Control Scale (Paul E. Spector)
41. Work Motivation Questionnaire (Agarwal)
 BECK’S DEPRESSION INVENTORY
Description of the tool
The Beck’s Depression Inventory is a self-administered 21 item self-report scale measuring
supposed manifestations of depression. The BDI takes approximately10 minutes to complete.

Reliability

Internal consistency for the BDI ranges from .73 to .92 with a mean of .86. The BDI
demonstrates high internal consistency, with alpha coefficients of .86 and .81 for psychiatric
and non-psychiatric populations, respectively
Split-half / Cronbach’s Alpha: The BDI has a split-half reliability co-efficient of .93.

Test-Retest Reliability: re-test reliabilities ranged from .48 to .86, depending on the interval
between re-testing and type of population.

Alternate Form Reliability: Correlation’s between the 21 item and 13-item short form have
ranged from .89 to .97 indicating that the short form is an acceptable substitute for the long
form

Validity & Factor Analysis

Concurrent validity: Correlations with clinician ratings of depression using the revised BDI
range from .62 to .66. Clinical ratings for Psychiatric patients are reported as high to
moderate ranging from .55 to .96 Man r=.72 reported moderate correlations between the
revised BDI and other scales measuring depression such as the Hamilton Psychiatric Rating
Scale for Depression (.73) and the Zung Self Reported Depression Scale (.76) and the MMPI
Depression Scale (.76).

Scoring- Add up the score for each of the twenty-one questions and obtain the total. The
highest score on each of the twenty-one questions is three; the highest possible total for the
whole test is sixty-three. The lowest possible score for the whole test is zero. Only add one
score per question (the highest rated if more than one is circled)
Norms
05 - 09 These ups and downs are considered normal
10 - 18 Mild to moderate depression
19 - 29 Moderate to severe depression
30 - 63 Severe depression
Below 4 = Possible denial of depression, faking good; this is below usual scores for normal.
Over 40 = This is significantly above even severely depressed persons, suggesting possible
exaggeration of depression; possibly characteristic of histrionic or borderline personality
disorders. Significant levels of depression are still possible.
Instructions

Read through the 4 or 5 statements listed below and circle number of the statement that
reflects your feelings most correctly. Choose only ONE of the alternatives under each
heading.

1. Mood
0 – I do not feel sad
1 – I feel blue or sad
2a – I am blue or sad all the time and I cannot snap about it
2b – I am so sad and unhappy that it is very painful
3 – I am so sad or unhappy that I can’t stand it

2. Pessimism
0 – I am not particular pessimistic or discharged about the future
1 – I feel discouraged about the future
2a – I feel I have nothing to look forward to
2b – I feel I won’t ever get over my troubles
3 – I feel that future is hopeless and that things cannot improve

3. Sense of Failure
0 – I do not feel like a failure
1- I feel I have failed more than an average person
2a – I feel I have accomplished very little that is worthwhile or that means nothing
2b – as I look back on my life all I can see is lot of failure
3- I feel I am a complete failure as a person

4. Lack of Satisfaction
0 – I am not particularly dissatisfied
1a – I feel bored most of the time
1b – I don’t enjoy the thing the way I used to
2 – I don’t get satisfaction out of anything anymore
3 – I am dissatisfied with everything

5. Guilty Feeling
0 – I don’t feel particularly guilty
1- I feel bad or unworthy a good part of the time
2a – I feel quite guilty
2b- I feel bad or unworthy I practically all the time
3 – I feel as though I am very bad or worthless

6. Sense of Punishment
0 – I don’t feel I am being punished.
1 – I have a feeling that something bad will happen to me
2 – I feel I am being punished or will be punished.
3a – I feel deserve to be punished
3b – I want to be punished.

7. Self – Hate
 0 – I don’t feel disappointed in myself
1a – I am disappointed in myself
1b – I don’t like myself
2- I am disgusted with myself
3 – I hate myself

8. Self accusation
0 – I don’t feel I am worse than anybody else
1 – I am very critical of myself for any weakness or mistake
2a – I blame myself for everything that goes wrong
2b – I feel I have many bad faults

9. Self- punitive wishes

0 – I don’t have any feeling of harming myself
1- I have thought of harming myself but I won’t carry them out
2a – I feel I will be better off dead
2b – I have definite plans about committing suicide
2c – I feel my family would be better off if I were dead
3 – I would kill myself if I could

10. Crying spells

0 – I don’t cry anymore than usual
1 – I cry now than I used to
2 - I cry all the time now, I can’t stop it.
3 – I used to be able to cry but now I can’t cry at all even though I want to

11. Irritability
0 – I am no more irritated now than I ever was
1 – I get annoyed or irritated more easily than I used to
2 – I feel irritated all the time
3 – I don’t get irritated at all the things that used to irritate me

12. Social withdrawal

0 – I have not lost interest in other people
1 – I am less interested in other people that I used to be
2 – I have lost most of my interest in other people and have very little feeling for them
3 – I have lost all my interest in other people and I don’t care about then at all

13. Indecisiveness
0 – I make decisions about as well as ever
1 – I am less sure of myself now and try to put off making decisions
2 – I can’t decisions any more without a help
3 – I can’t make any decision at al any more

14. body image

0 – I don’t feel I look any worse than I used to
1 – I am worried that I look old or unattractive
2 – I feel there are permanent changes in my appearance and they make me look
unattractive
3 – I feel that I m ugly or repulsive looking

15. Work inhibition

0 – I can work about as well as above
1a– it takes extra effort to get started at doing something
1b – I don’t work as well as I used to do
2 – I have to push myself very hard to do things
3 – I can’t do any work at all

16. Sleep disturbances

0 – I can’t sleep as well as usual
1 – I wake up more tired the morning I used to do
2 – I wake up 1 or 2 hrs earlier than I used to and find it s hard to sleep
3 – I wake up early everyday and can’t get more that 5 hrs of sleep

17. Fatigability
0 – I don’t get any more tired than usual
1 – I get tired more usually than I used to
2 – I get tired by doing anything
3 – I get too tired to do anything

18. Loss of appetites

0 – My appetite is now rose than usual
1 – My appetite is not as good as it used to
2 – My appetite is much worse now
3 – I have no appetite at all now

19. Weight loss

0 - I have lost much weight if any lately
1 – I have lost more than 5 pounds
2 – I have lost more than 10 pounds
3 – I have lost more than 15 pounds

20. Somatic pre-occupation

0 – I am no more concerned about my health than usual
1 – I concerned about aches or pains or upset stomach or constipation or other unpleasant
feeling in my body
2 – I am so concerned with how I feel or what I feel that it is hard to think of much less
3 – I am completely absorbed in what I feel

21. Loss of libido

0 – I have not noticed any recent change in my interest in sex
1 – I am less interested in sex than I used to be
2 – I am much less interested in sex now
3 – I have lost interest in sex completely
 CONTROLLED PROJECTION TEST

1. Once upon a time there was a boy (girl), in a village.

a) What did he like doing?
b) When he was playing, who did he like being with?
c) Who did he not like being with?

2. One day this boy went out with his mother and father and they became angry with him
a) What was it about? - What happened?
b) How did it end?

3. One day his father and mother were angry with each other
a) What made them angry
b) What happened then?

4. This Boy had a friend whom he liked very much. One day he said “you come with me
And I’ll show you something but you mustn’t tell anyone because it is a secret?
a) What did he show him?
b) What did they do?

5. One day this boy had a fright? What happened?

6. This boy used to tell stories. You Know sometimes they were true and sometimes they
were not?
a) He told the other boy one of histories- what did he tell them?
b) Was it true? Why did he tell it to them?
c) One day he told his mother and father one of his stories- what did he tell them?
d) Was it true? Why did he tell it to them?

7. When this boy went to bed he was thinking of something?

a) What did he think about?
 b) One evening he cried- What was the matter?

8. When he fell asleep

a) What did he dream about?
b) He woke up in the night- What made him wake up?
c) One night he had a lovely dream. Someone (a fairy ) came and said: “if you say what
you really want, it will come true” What did he say he wanted?
d) Then he was given a lot of money (1,000). What did he do with it?

9. Before going away the person ( fairy ) said you are growing up. Do you want to grow
up?
a) What did the boy say?
b) If he wanted to grow up- What did he want to do when he grew up?
c) If not- did he want things to stay just as they are for always or did he want something
different. What did he want differently? Why did he want to stay the same?

10. This is the end of the story. Did you like it?
a) What do you like about the boy in the story etc?
b) What do you dislike in him?
c) Is he the same as you? In what way (or in what way is he not?)

11. What have you been drawing?

a) Tell all about your drawing
b) What does it remind you of?
c) Are you pleased with your drawing?
 COPING HEALTH INVENTORY FOR PARENTS (CHIP)

Description of the tool:

The Coping Health Inventory for Parents (CHIP) developed by McCubbin et al. 1981 was
used to assess subjects’ cognitive and behavioural coping strategies (Refer Appendix I). This
instrument has been widely used to measure parental coping in chronic life-threatening
disorders of childhood. Parents were asked to indicate which of the 45 coping strategies
included in the instrument they used and rate the usefulness of each strategy in their
particular family situation. The CHIP consists of the following three subscales: “Coping
Pattern I: Family Integration, cooperation and optimism” containing 19 items, “Coping
Pattern II: Social support, esteem and stability”, containing 18 items, and “Coping Pattern III:
Medical communication and consultation” containing 8 items. If a coping behaviour was not
used, the parent recorded why either by checking “I do not cope this way because I chose not
to use it/ Not possible. Construct validity and criterion validity were established. In addition
Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for internal consistency were established and found to be 0.79,
0.79 and 0.71 for the aforementioned three coping patterns respectively. Because the
reliability score for each scale was computed separately no reliability coefficient for the total
scale was reported. Based on research data obtained from the CHIP, the investigators
developed an “index of normative scores” to be used as means of comparison. Through this
index, health care professionals can identify parents who may not manage the hardships of
having a chronically ill child adequately, as well as areas of family functioning that need to
be enhanced or strengthened. The CHIP was not translated in the regional languages since it
could be gauged that the majority of the participants were either illiterate, or could not read or
write due to lack of opportunities to enhance these skills despite being literate. Hence the
questionnaire was administered to all the participants of the study in the form of an interview.
10 parents consisting of 9 mothers and one father participated in the pilot study held prior to
data collection. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for internal consistency were established
and found to be 0.70, 0.60 and 0.32 for the aforementioned three coping patterns respectively.
The reliability of the total scale was found to 0.70.
Procedure:
The following instructions are given:
• To complete this inventory you are asked to read the list of “Coping Behaviours” below,
one at a time.
• For each coping behaviour you used, please record how helpful it was. HOW HEPLFUL
was this COPING BEHAVIOUR to you and/or your family: Circle ONE number.
3 = Extremely Helpful
2 = Moderately Helpful
1 = Minimally helpful
0 = Not helpful
• For each Coping Behaviour you did not use please record your “Reason”. Please RECORD
this by checking one of the reasons:
• Chose Not to use it
• Not Possible
PLEASE BEGIN: Please read and record your decision for EACH and EVERY Coping
Behaviour listed below.

Scoring:

1. For each item transfer the number circled by the respondent (father or mother) to the circle
in the column marked “For Computer Use Only”. (Ignore the boxes in this column which
have been added to disguise the scales) Disregard the “I do cope this way” column because
these responses are equivalent to “0”.
2. To obtain scale scores add the numbers you have just transferred to the circles separately
for each column and write the total in the two boxes directly below each column. Column 1,
“F” is Coping Pattern I: Maintaining Family Integration, Cooperation and an Optimistic
Definition of the Situation. Column 2, “S” is Coping Pattern II: Maintaining Social Support,
Self esteem and Psychological Stability. Column 3, “M” is Coping Pattern III: Understanding
the medical situation through Communication with other Parents and Consultation with
Medical Staff.
Interpretation of Coping Patterns

There are three ways to examine and interpret the parental coping scores:
A) Treat each parent as an individual and determine whether his or her coping scores fall
within the normal range of responses (within the shaded areas). Certainly, if the score falls
below the normal range this might be a topic for discussion and counselling.
B) Examine parental scores in relationship to each other. Families appear to manage stress
with greater efficiency and ease when parents share the responsibilities by using coping
behaviours in three areas. While parents may emphasize some coping patterns (i.e. be better
at doing certain things) any extreme difference between parent scores may indicate an area of
difficulty for the family unit. This may be an issue in need of further examination and
discussion.
C) Examine the coping scores in relationship to the type and number of demands places on
the family unit. In stressful situation, we would expect the scores to be above the mean or
above the normal. If parental scores are low in the face of increasing demands, this too might
well be a focus for counselling this too might well be a focus for counselling.
 Questionnaire I - Coping Health Inventory for Parents (CHIP)

DIRECTIONS:

• To complete this inventory you are asked to read the list of “Coping Behaviours”
below, one at a time.
• For each coping behaviour you used, please record how helpful it was.

HOW HEPLFUL was this COPING BEHAVIOUR to you and/or your family: Circle
ONE number.

3 = Extremely Helpful
2 = Moderately Helpful
1 = Minimally helpful
0 = Not helpful

• For each Coping Behaviour you did Not use please record your “Reason”.

Please RECORD this by checking one of the reasons:

• Chose Not to use it

• Not Possible

PLEASE BEGIN: Please read and record your decision for EACH and EVERY Coping
Behaviour listed below.
Your Responses will be kept confidential.
Thank you for your cooperation.
 I do not cope this For

Not Helpful
Moderately
way because: computer

Minimally
Extremely
Helpful

Helpful

Helpful
Coping use only
Behaviours Chose
[Link]. Not
not to F S M
possible
use it

1. Trying to maintain family stability 3 2 1 0

Engaging in relationships and

2. friendships which help me to feel 3 2 1 0
important and appreciated
Trusting my spouse (or former
3. spouse) to help support me and 3 2 1 0
my child(ren).
4. Sleeping. 3 2 1 0
Talking with the medical staff
5. (nurses, social worker, etc.) when 3 2 1 0
we visit the medical centre
Believing that my child(ren) will
6. 3 2 1 0
get better.
7. Working, outside employment 3 2 1 0

8. Showing that I am strong. 3 2 1 0

Purchasing gifts for myself and/or
9. 3 2 1 0
other family members.
Talking with other
10. individuals/parents in my same 3 2 1 0
situation.
Taking good care of all the
11. 3 2 1 0
medical equipment at home.
12. Eating. 3 2 1 0
Getting other members of the
13. family to help with chores and 3 2 1 0
tasks at home.
14. Getting away by myself. 3 2 1 0

Talking with the Doctor about my

15. concerns about my child(ren) with 3 2 1 0
the medical condition.
 For
I do not cope this

Not Helpful
Moderately
computer

Minimally
Extremely
way because:

Helpful

Helpful

Helpful
Coping use only
[Link]. Behaviours Chose
Not
not to F S M
possible
use it
Believing that the medical
16. center/hospital has my family’s 3 2 1 0
best interest in mind.
Building close relationships with
17. 3 2 1 0
people.
18. Believing in God. 3 2 1 0

19. Developing myself as a person. 3 2 1 0

Talking with other parents in the
20. same type of situation and 3 2 1 0
learning about their experiences.
Doing things together as a family
21. (involving all members of the 3 2 1 0
family).
Investing time and energy in my
22. 3 2 1 0
job.
Believing that my child is getting the
23. 3 2 1 0
best medical care possible.
24. Entertaining friends in our home. 3 2 1
Reading about how other persons
25. 3 1 0
in my situation handle things.
26. Doing things with family relatives 3 2 1 0
Becoming more self-reliant and
27. 3 2 1 0
independent.
Telling myself that I have many
28. 3 2 1 0
things I should be thankful for.
Concentrating on hobbies (art,
29. 3 2 1 0
music, jogging, etc.).
Explaining our family situation to
30. friends and neighbors so they will 3 2 1 0
understand
Encouraging child(ren) with
31. 3 2 1 0
medical condition to be more
 independent.
For
I do not cope this

Not Helpful
Moderately
computer

Minimally
Extremely
way because:

Helpful

Helpful

Helpful
Coping use only
[Link]. Behaviours Chose
Not
not to F S M
possible
use it
Keeping myself in shape and well-
32. 3 2 1 0
groomed.
Involvement in social activities
33. 3 2 1 0
(parties, etc.) with friends.
Going out with my spouse on a
34. 3 2 1 0
regular basis.
Being sure prescribed medical
treatments for child(ren) are
35. 3 2 1 0
carried out at home on a daily
basis.
Building a closer relationship with
36. 3 2 1 0
my spouse.
37. Allowing myself to get angry. 3 2 1 0
38. Investing myself in my children. 3 2 1 0
Talking to someone (not
39. professional counsellor /doctor) 3 2 1 0
about how I feel.
Reading more about the medical
40. 3 2 1 0
problem which concerns me.
Talking over personal feelings and
41. 3 2 1 0
concerns with spouse.
Being able to get away from the
42. home care tasks and responsibilities 3 2 1 0
for some relief.
Having my child with the medical
43. condition seen at the clinic/hospital 3 2 1 0
on a regular basis.
Believing that things will always
44. 3 2 1 0
work out.

45. Doing things with my children. 3 2 1 0

 CHIP

PROFILE OF MOTHER’S AND FATHER’S COPING PATTERNS

Coping Health Inventory for Parents

(McCubbin, Mc Cubbin, Nevin and Cauble, 1979)

MOTHER’S COPING

Integration,
Cooperation,
and Optimism

Support,
Esteem,
and Stability

Medical
Communication
and Consultation

FATHER’S COPING

Integration,
Cooperation,
and Optimism

Support,
Esteem,
and Stability

Medical
Communication
and Consultation
 The Emotional Intelligence Inventory (E.I.I)

It was developed by Dr. Immanuel. The questionnaire contains 50 items each

describing different emotional facts which clarifies individual’s emotional response. All 50
items have 5 different responds like agree, completely agree, no response, disagree, and
completely disagree. These 50 items helps the experimenter to measure emotional reaction of
the subjects.
Reliability

Reliability of the EII has been established using Cronbach alpha, the coefficient
obtained is 0.88(N=432). The odd-even, Split-Half reliability after correction for attenuation
is found to be 0.86 (N=432).

Validity

A co-efficient of correlation was computed between the ratings and the total score on
the EII. The value obtained was found to be 0.58 which is significant and high. Thus, we can
say that the concurrent validity of the test has also been established. The validity coefficient
found in the same way for ‘personal Efficacy’ was 0.46and for ‘interpersonal Efficacy” and
“Intra personal Efficacy”. The values were 0.39 and 0.46 respectively. All these values are
highly significant, which showed that the total scores and the factor scores have sufficient
validity. In addition to this validity coefficient, the test can claim construct validity on the
basis of the fact scores on EII correlated significantly and positively with creativity. (the
coefficients being 0.58, 0.45, 0.44, and 0.86 for the first 3 factors and the score respectively)
and negatively with general maladjustment (the coefficient being-0.48, -0.42, and -0.73)

Interpretation

Below 70 Very Low

70-85 Low level
86-115 Average
116-130 High
Above 130 Very High
 Emotional Intelligence Inventory (EII)

Instructions

a) The statements given below are intended to find out how you evaluate yourself about
your spontaneous behavioral pattern.
b) You are requested to mark the extent to which each statement is applicable to you.
c) There are 5 answers as i) fully agree ii) Agree iii) Not sure iv) Disagree v) Fully
disagree.
d) Tick in the appropriate column
e) Answer all the statements.
f) There is no right or wrong answers so rate your opinion as you feel
g) The statements are purely intended for research, the answers will be kept in strict
confidence.
 Agree

Agree

Disag

Disag
Fully

Fully
Sure
Not

ree
[Link] Items
1. You can express feelings like happiness,
sadness, anger etc in accordance with the
desired level of situation.
2. You have enough Self confidence.
3. It is difficult for you to accept accusations.
4. You can express your intended feelings on
your face in any situations.
5. You feel loneliness
6. You have a special ability to defuse a discord
between two persons.
7. You have the ability to keep secrets.
8. You don’t forfeit optimism even during
adversities
9. You have the ability to know the impressions
of others about you.
10. You act at any circumstance after due
application of mind.
11. You adopt any means to achieve your desires.
12. You believe that the reasons for your failures
are others interference or adversities.
13. You are fully aware of your potentials.
14. You feel sad, when others triumph on
situations where you have failed.
15. You have special aptitude to adjust with new
situations.
16. Others admire your leadership in many
respects.
17. You have the ability to transform adversities to
favorable situations.
18. You feel yourself unlucky most often.
19. You consider that sympathy and compassion to
 others are your special qualities.
20. You have the ability to make your opinion
acceptable to others.

21. Many thoughts come to your mind,

unintentionally.
22. You can clearly communicate your thoughts to
others.
23. You feel inferiority complex most often.
24. You have the habit of creating and terminating
relationships as per your requirement.

25. You reveal your mind to your dear ones

unintentionally.

26. You are mentally down when things go wrong.

27. You have the habit of being at the extremes of

love or hatred to others.

28. You have the habit of expressing your opinion

without any hesitation.

29. You have always a feeling that something

dangerous is always to happen.

30. You have the special ability to read mind of

others.
31. You have the ability to correct yourself after
introspection.

32. You loose your capacity of taking correct

decisions in extreme adversities

33. You take leadership in most situations where

you happen to be in.

34. You have special ability to bring unity among

people with conflicting views.
35. You have the habit of supporting your group of
people notwithstanding their mistakes.

36. You have the habit of evaluating your actions

from others view point without self justifying.

37. You have no hesitation to accept your mistakes

pointed out by others.

38. You are proud of the achievements of your

dear ones
39. You have the ability to maintain the friendship
all throughout.
40. You make use of others, for your known gains,
without their knowledge
41. You have the ability to overcome adversities.
42. You can control explosive emotional
explosions.
43. Others are not giving due recognition to you.
44. You can express your rage without a rift.
45. You loose courage when you are tensed.
46. You can easily resolve difference of opinion
with others.
47. You have a feeling of guilt for a mistake of
your own.
48. You do whatever with utmost perfection.
49. Quiet often you are misunderstood by others.
50. You feel that others exploit you.
 Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire
Dr. [Link].
Description of the Questionnaire:
The Emotional Intelligent Quotient developed by Dr. N.K. Chadha consists of 15, items of 15
different situations where an individual can be emotionally [Link] 15 items have 5
independent choices to be answered. This test measure score of the professional as well as
personal life. These 15 items help the experimenter to measure emotional reaction of the
subjects in 15 different situations.

The retest reliability for the test was found to be 0.94. The split-half reliability in case of odd-
even items was 0.92 and that for the first half and second half was 0.90. Both reliability
coefficients are significantly higher which indicate that the present scale is highly consistent
and reliable. The empirical validity of the scale was administering the scale of Daniel
Goleman and present scale to a sample of 60 subjects. The validity was found to be 0.89
which indicates that the present scale is highly valid.

The three key dimensions the scale measures constituting emotional intelligence are:
Emotional competency: Constitutes the capacity to tactfully respond to emotional stimuli
elicited by various situations having high self esteem and optimism, communication, tackling
emotional upsets such as frustration, conflicts and inferiority complexes, enjoying emotions,
doing what succeeds, ability to relate to others, emotional self control, capacity to avoid
emotional exhaustion such as stress, burn out, learning to avoid negative emotions, handling
egoism.
Emotional maturity: constitutes evaluating emotions of oneself and others, identifying and
expressing feelings balancing state of heart and mind adaptability and flexibility, appreciating
others point of view, developing others, delaying gratification of immediate psychological
satisfaction.
Emotional sensitivity: Constitutes understanding threshold of emotional arousal, managing
the immediate environment, maintaining rapport, harmony and comfort with others, letting
others feel comfortable in your company. It also involves being honest in interpersonal
dealings, interpreting cues truthfully, realizing communicability of emotions, moods and
feelings and having an insight into how others evaluate and relate to you.
The Occupational Stress Index
For the other variable under study, occupational stress, The Occupational Stress Index
developed by Srivastav and Singh (1981) was used. This is a standardized scale which
measures the extent of stress which employees perceive arising from various conditions of
their jobs. The scale consists of 46 items for 12 dimensions. The reliability index ascertained
by split half (odd-even) method for the scale was found to be .935 and Cronbach’s alpha
coefficient for the scale was .90. Both reliability coefficients are significantly higher which
indicate that the present scale is well consistent and reliable. The validity of the OSI was
found by computing coefficients of correlation between the scales on OSI and the various
measures of job attitude and job behaviour

The 12 dimensions are as follows:

Role overload: Is experienced by the individual when he feels that there are too many
expectations from the significant roles in his role set
Role Ambiguity: When the individual is not clear about the various expectations people have
from his role, he faces the conflict role ambiguity.
Role conflict: The individual faces contradictory instructions which he finds difficult to
fulfill.
Unreasonable group and political pressures: There is a group which is not directly
important but hinders the working by its interference
Responsibility for persons: It refers to the improvement and development of people which
can consequently lead to the prosperity of the organization.
Under participation: Lack of opportunities to participate in important issues of the
organization
Powerlessness: When suggestions or orders are not paid much attention to, feelings of
powerlessness exist.
Poor peer relationships: The peer which does not facilitate but hinders the proceedings of
the task.
Intrinsic Impoverishment: It refers to deficiency within the job.
Low status: The status of the individual has in the society due to the nature and position of
the job.
Strenuous working conditions: The job involving psychological or physical risk.
Unprofitability: Less financial or non – financial benefits as reward in comparison to the
input in the job.
Scoring:
The scoring is done as follows:-
Question No. Response Score
1. a 0
b 20
c 0
d 5
e 0
2. a 5
b 0
c 5
d 20
e 0
3. a 0
b 5
c 5
d 0
e 20
4. a 20
b 5
c 5
d 5
e 0
5. a 0
b 10
c 20
d 0
e 5
6. a 5
b 0
c 20
d 20
e 0
7. a 20
b 0
c 0
d 10
e 5
8. a 0
b 20
c 15
d 0
e 0
9. a 5
b 0
c 20
d 5
e 5
10. a 0
b 0
c 5
d 0
e 10
11. a 20
b 5
c 5
d 0
e 5
12. a 20
b 0
c 0
d 5
e 5
13. a 0
b 5
c 10
 d 20
e 5
14. a 0
b 0
c 5
d 20
e 5

15. a 20
b 0
c 0
d 5
e 5

INTERPRETATION:
The total score is interpreted as follows:
YOUR SCORE PERCENTILE INTERPRETATION
285 & above 90 Extremely high
250-284 75 High
176-249 50 Average
141-175 40 Below average
140 and below 15 Try some other day

This test measures some areas of your Personal and Professional life. This is a psychological
test which will help you learn more about yourself. The questionnaire given below will
measure your emotional reactions to different situations. Answer the questions on the Basis
of how you FEEL and not what you THINK. There is no right or wrong answers. Answer
honestly and do not spend too much time on any one item. Usually your first response is the
best response. Do no leave any question unanswered and complete the test in a single sitting.
 QUESTIONIRE

1) You have just learnt that you have been ignored for a promotion by the management
for which you were eligible. Moreover, one of your juniors has been selected for the
same promotion. You are upset and feeling frustrated. What do you do?
a) Ignore it- it was your bad luck.
b) Talk it over with your boss, bringing out the facts about your contribution and
ask for reconsideration of the management’s decision.
c) Start abusing the colleague who supersede you, leveling allegations of
manipulation and corruption against him and instigate the union leaders to
organize protests against the management.
d) Move to the court and obtain a stay order and vow top teach befitting lesson to
the management through legal battle.
e) Resign from the organization.

2) A freshly recruited smart first-class professional graduate joins your organization as a

management trainee. After a few weeks she complains to you that her superiors and
subordinates were not taking her seriously. What will you suggest her?
a) Suggest that she handle the situation herself and not to bother you for trivial
matters.
b) Tell her that such behavior is typical of most organizations and she should
ignore it.
c) Suggest that she undergo behavioral training to learn interpersonal skills.
d) Empathies with her and help her figure out ways to get others to work with
her.
e) Tell her to look for another job.

3) As a production manager you are taking a weekly review meeting which also has
some women employees. You overhear a male employee telling an offensive joke
about Women employees. What do you do?
a) Ignore it- it is only a joke.
b) Call the employee in your office after meeting and pull him up.
c) Send the employee to attend a sensitivity programme for changing his
prejudices.
d) Ask the women employees to protest in writing so that you can take
appropriate action.
e) Announce on the spot that such jokes are appropriate and shall not be tolerated
in your organization.

4) In a fit of anger, you have got into an argument with your colleague that has lead to
personal attacks from both sides. The entire office is witness to the unpleasant
episode. You and your colleague has actually never intended to tarnish the image of
each other. How will you tackle this ugly situation?
a) Sit calmly and consider what triggered the argument between you and your
colleague and was it possible to control your anger at that point of time.
b) Avoid arguments and leave the scene.
 c) Apologize and ask your colleague to apologize too.
d) Continue with the argument till you reach at some definite conclusion.
e) Complain to the management against your colleague.

5) Imagine you are an insurance salesperson approaching prospective clients to purchase

insurance policies. A dozen people in a row have shut the door on your face and you
are feeling frustrated. What will you do?
a) Blame yourself and stop work for the day.
b) Reassess your capabilities as an insurance salesperson.
c) Come out with fresh strategies to overcome similar failures in future.
d) Think of changing your job.
e) Contact the clients again some other day.

6) Imagine you are a site engineer of a large construction company. A worker suddenly
slips down and ides. There is a violent reaction and you are surrounded by the agitated
workers. What will you do?
a) Call the police/management and let them decide the further course of action.
b) Threaten the agitating workers with dire consequences if they do not cool
down immediately.
c) Reason with the workers and explain the safety measures you had taken to
prevent such incidents.
d) Call the agitated workers for a dialogue and ask for their suggestions so that
such incidents do not occur in future.
e) Find an opportunity to slip away from the scene.

7) You are accompanying your friend from Delhi to Agra in his car. You notice another
car loaded with children suddenly overtaking your car and cutting sharply in front of
you abruptly. Your friend, who is driving the car, gets nervous, as he had to apply the
brakes immediately to avoid hitting the other car. What would be your reaction at that
time?
a) Tell your friend to stop and relax for sometimes rather than continue driving.
b) Tell your friend to chase the other car and stop it.
c) Yell at the driver of the other car.
d) Tell your friend to smile and thank God that everyone is safe.
e) Just ignore what had happened as a very minor incident.

8) You are on an aircraft and suddenly the pilot announces that it has been hijacked by
terrorists. Everyone is in a state of shock, nervousness, and utter confusion. What will
be your reaction?
a) Blame yourself for choosing an inauspicious day for traveling.
b) Attend to the instructions of the pilot/airhostess and asks the other fellow
passengers to do the same.
c) Continue to read your magazine and pay little attention to the incident.
d) Cry out and vow not to travel by air by future.
e) Falsely claim that you are a heart patient needing medical attention and beg
the hijackers to release you.
9) Imagine that you are a police officer posted in a sensitive area. You get information
that there have been violent ethnic clashes between two religious communities and a
large number of people have been killed from both sides and property has been
damaged. What action will you take?
a) Decide not to visit the spot personally as there may be danger to your life from
this fury of the public.
b) Take your time to respond- in any case this is not first time riots have
occurred.
c) Try to handle the situation tactfully- assuage the feelings of both communities-
tracking down the reasons for the clash, and taking all desired remedial
measures.
d) Send your subordinate inspector to study the situation.
e) Arrange to handover the dead to the respective families after getting the
postmortem done.

10) You have a grown-up son who starts arguing with you every now and then on matter
relating to your personal and social life. One day he tells you that you have dictated
your terms to the family for very long and cannot continue to exercise the authority
anymore. He also tells you that as a father you cannot impose your outdates attitudes
and irrelevant values on him. He further confronts you and says that he is an adult and
henceforth he will take all major decisions. You are disturbed at his defiant behavior.
How will you tackle him?
a) Accept his statement in helplessness and take a low profile position in the
family.
b) In disgust, tell him to leave home and find a separate place for himself.
c) Send him to a Psychologist to learn to adjust with his environment.
d) For the time being delay the arguments, manage your feelings, sit with him
and explain your point of view as patiently as possible without making the
situation tense.
e) Ignore his hostile comments and change the topic of discussion.

11) This morning an old man was driving his old Fiat car on the Wrong side with his little
grandson on his lap. He was too careless to switch on the indicator before turning the
car and in the process hashed onto the Bonnet of the Maruti car which you were
driving. How will you behave at this time?
a) Just smile at the old man and ask him to be grateful to God for his grandson,
who was safe.
b) Get annoyed at the old man and shout at him.
c) Ask for compensation for the damage.
d) Give the old man a long lecture on how to drive safely.
e) Call the police.

12) Imagine you are a doctor and you have operated upon a cancer patient in the morning.
When you go home for lunch you receive a call that the patient has developed some
complications and you decide to rush back to the hospital. On your way back to the
hospital you are help up at the traffic light, as the signal is red. You wait impatiently
and when the signal turns green you start your car without noticing a scooterist in
front and hit him. He loses his balance but regains it with great difficulty. What will
you do now?
a) Immediately stop the car, get out, and introduce yourself and apologies.
 b) Ignore him and keep moving.
c) Thank God that nothing serious had happened.
d) Stop for a moment, collect your thoughts and move towards he hospital.
e) Tell the scooterist what has happened and continue driving.

13) You are a general manager of a large production company. Next week there is a board
meeting and your department is expected to prepare the annual report. You get a cal
from one of the production units in another state that there is a strike and your
presence is urgently required to negotiate with the union. You delegate the
responsibility to your assistant general manager to get the report prepared for the
board meeting in time and assistant manager has not prepared the report and the board
meeting is scheduled the next day. What do you do?
a) Feel remorse for your decision for your decision to delegate to the wrong
person.
b) Get worked up and fire the assistant general manager for failing to carry out
your instructions.
c) Complete the work yourself to avoid embarrassment before the board.
d) Understand the difficulties faced by the assistant general manager in getting
the work completed, motivate him saying that it could still be done and make a
plan to sit long hours to complete the job in time.
e) Send the assistant general manager for further training to sharpen his
managerial skills.

14) You are a professor in a college and while taking a class one of your student’s
comments that your style of teaching is not good, that you have not prepared the topic
properly and also that you are just passing time. How will you react?
a) Report to the principal of the college about the behavior of the student.
b) Ask him to leave the classroom and tell him in strong words that you cannot
change your teaching style.
c) Ask him to meet you after the class in your chamber.
d) Listen to the need of the class and promise to prepare the topic properly in
future.
e) Ignore him and continue with your class.

15) As the CEO of a company you are involved in a meeting with the union leaders on
their pending demands. During the meeting one of the union leaders shouts at you
saying that you are being a liar and levels serious allegations of corruption and
favoritism against you. You are very upset. How will you react to the remarks of the
union leader?
a) Just ignore what he said, continue with the discussion and listen to their
demands with a cool frame of mind.
b) Suspend him from the job.
c) Cancel further negotiations and ask him to apologize first.
d) Advise him not to make personal remarks.
e) Leave the room after assigning the responsibility to your subordinate to
continue with the negations.
 EYSENCK’S PERSONALITY QUESTIONNAIRE

Scoring

The scoring key is used to calculate the responses for the different characters and for the lie
score

Interpretation

Extraversion 8 and above ----low

Neurotic 9—16 ----medium

Psychotic 17—and above ---high

Lie score: 8 and above

 EYSENCK’S PERSONALITY QUESTIONAIRE-REVISED
(W.P.Q.-R)
Instructions: please answer each question by putting (x) mark in the box following “yes” or
“no”. There are no right or wooing answers or no trick questions. Work quickly and do not
think too long about the exact meaning of the question.

NO QUESTIONS YES NO
1 Do you have many different hobbies?
2 Do you stop to think things over before doing anything?
3 Does your mood often go up and down?
4 Have you ever taken the praise for something you knew someone else had
really done?
5 Are you a talkative person?
6 Would being in debt worry you?
7 Do you ever feel “just miserable” for no reason?
8 Were you ever greedy by helping yourself to more than your share of
anything?
9 Do you lock up your house carefully at night?
10 Are you rather lively?
11 Would it upset you a lot to see a child or an animal suffer?
12 Do you often worry about things you should not have done or said?
13 If you say you will do something, do you always keep your promise no
matter how inconvenient it might be?
14 Can you usually let yourself go and enjoy yourself at a lively party?
15 Are you an irritable person?
16 Have you ever blamed someone for doing something you knew was really
your fault?
17 Do you enjoy meeting new people?
18 Do you believe insurance schemes are good ideas?
19 Are your feelings easily hurt?
20 Are all your habits good and desirable ones?

21 Do you tend to keep in the background on social occasions?

22 Would you take drugs which may have strange or dangerous effects?
23 Do you feel “fed up”?
24 Have you ever taken anything (even a pin or a button) that belonged to
someone else?
25 Do you like going out a lot?
26 Do you enjoy hurting people you love?
27 Are you often troubled about feelings of guilt?
28 Do you sometimes talk about things you know nothing about?
29 Do you prefer reading to meeting people?
30 Do you have enemies who want to harm you?
31 Would you call yourself a nervous person?
32 Doo you have many friends?
33 Do you enjoy practical jokes that can sometimes really hurt people?
34 Are you a worrier?
35 As a child did you do as you were told immediately and without
grumbling?
36 Would you call yourself happy- go -lucky
37 Do good manners and cleanliness matter much to you?
38 Do you worry about awful things that might happen?
39 Have you ever broken or lost something belonging to someone else?
40 Do you usually take the initiative in making new friends?
41 Would you call yourself tense or “highly-strung”?
42 Are you mostly quiet when you are with other people?
43 Do you think marriage is old-fashioned and should be done away with?
44 Do you sometimes boast a little?
45 Cam you easily get some life into a rather dull party?
46 Do people who drive carefully annoy you?
47 Do you worry about your health?
48 Have you ever said anything bad or nasty about anyone?
49 Do you like telling jokes and funny stories to your friends?
50 Do most things taste the same to you?
51 As a child were you ever cheeky to your parents?
52 Do you like mixing with people?
53 Does it worry you if you know3 there are mistakes in your work?
54 Do you suffer from sleeplessness?
55 Doo you always wash before a meal?
56 Do you nearly always have a “ready answer” when people talk to you?
57 Do you like to arrive at appointments in plenty of time?
58 Have you often felt listless and tired for no reason?
59 Have you ever cheated at a game?
60 Do yu like doing things in which you have to act quickly?
61 Is (or was your mother a good woman)?
62 Do you often feel life is very dull?
63 Have you ever taken advantage of someone?
64 Do you often take one more activities than you have time for?
65 Are there several people who keep trying to avoid you?
66 Do you worry a lot about your looks?
67 Do you think people spend too much time sage guarding their future with
savings and insurances?
68 Have you ever wished that you were dead?
69 Would you dodge paying taxes if you were sure you could never be found
out?
70 Can you get a party going?
71 Do you try not to be rude to people?
72 Do you worry too long after an embarrassing experience?
73 Have you ever insisted on having your own way?
74 When you catch a train do you often arrive at the last minute?
75 Do you suffer from “nerves”?
76 Do your friend ships breakup easily without it being your fault?
77 Do you often feel lonely?
78 Do you always practice what you preach?
79 Do you sometimes like teasing animals?
80 Are you easily hurt when people find fault with you or the work you do?
81 Have you ever been late for an appointment or work?
82 Do you like plenty of bustle and excitement around?
83 Would you like other people to be afraid of you?
84 Are you sometimes bubbling over with energy and sometimes very
sluggish?
85 Do you sometimes put off until tomorrow what you ought to do today?
86 Do other people think of you as being very lively?
87 Do people tell you a lot of lies?
88 Are you touchy about something?
89 Are you always willing to admit it when you have made a mistake?
90 Would you feel very sorry for an animal caught in a trap?
 EYSENCK’S PERSONALITY QUESTIONAIRE-REVISED
SUBJECT’S SCORE-ANALYSIS SHEET
PSYCHOTISM NEUROTISM EXTRAVERSION LIE SCALE
No Key [Link] No Key [Link] No Key [Link] No Key [Link]

2 N 3 Y 1 Y 4 N
6 N 7 Y 5 Y 8 N
9 N 12 Y 10 Y 13 Y
11 N 15 Y 14 Y 16 N
18 N 19 Y 17 Y 20 Y
22 Y 23 Y 21 N
26 Y 27 Y 25 Y 24 N
30 Y 31 Y 29 N 28 N
33 Y 34 Y 32 Y 35 Y
37 Y 38 Y 36 Y 39 N
43 Y 41 Y 40 Y 44 N
46 Y 47 Y 42 N 48 N
50 Y 45 Y 51 N
53 N 49 Y
52 Y
57 N 54 Y 56 Y 55 Y
61 N 58 Y 60 Y 59 N
65 Y 62 Y 64 Y 63 N
67 Y 66 Y 70 Y 69 N
71 N 68 Y 82 Y 73 N
74 Y 72 Y 78 Y
76 Y 75 Y 81 N
79 Y 77 Y
83 Y 80 Y
87 Y 84 Y 86 N
90 N 88 Y 89 Y

TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL

 Health behaviour

Description

This is a self rating questionnaire developed by Philip L. The nutrition diet profile contains
15 items measured on a 4 point scale. These items provides clues to areas, where a change in
diet and nutritional habits may be pointed. The profile for exercise contains 14 items
measured in a 5 point scale.

Scoring

For nutrition and diet: each item is given weighted score of 1-4. The first question in the
profile is reversely scored. The total score of all the items and this corresponding percentiles
is obtained. High score suggests that the eating habits are fairly good.

For exercise: each item is given a weighted score of 0-4. The total score for all items is
obtained. Count the responses with value or score is obtained. This is the individuals aerobic
index. The corresponding percentage is obtained from scale. A low aerobic index suggest that
the individual is getting fairly good exercise and is following a fair pattern.
 HEALTH BEHAVIOUR PROFILE FOR EXCERCIS
Read each statement carefully; mark your response in the appropriate box that most
accurately describes your habits. There is no right or wrong answer and the subjects are
requested not to spend too much time on any item.

Score Nature Explanation

4 Aerobic/often Four or more times per week
3 Frequently Two or three times per week
2 Weekly About once per month
1 Monthly About once per month
0 Never Almost never
Never Monthly Weekly Frequently Aerobic
How often do you participate
NO (0) (1) (2) (3) (Often)-4
in...?

1 Swimming
2 Walking(1 mile/day)
3 Hiking or back packing
4 Gardening
5 Bicycling
6 Calisthenics, aerobics, dance,
exercise
7 Racquet ball, tennis
8 Canoeing or boating
9 Water or snow skiing
10 Hunting or fishing
11 Golfing
12 Team sports
13 Running (5 or more miles per
week)
14 Other physical exercise
 HEALTH BEHAVIOUR PROFILE FOR NUTRITION AND DIET
Read each statement carefully, mark your response in the appropriate box, that most
accurately describes your habits. There is no right or wrong answer and the subjects are
requested not to spend too much time on any item.

SCORE NATURE
4 SELDOM
3 OCCASIONALLY
2 FREQUENTLY
1 DAILY
Seldom Occasionally Frequently Daily
NO How often do you....
(4) (3) (2) (1)
1 Eat fruits, vegetables, fiber?

2 Drink 5 or more cups of coffee in a

day?
3 Eat fats, red meats, dairy products?

4 Drink 5 or more soft drinks (diet or

regular)?
5 Eat candies, sugars, pastries?

6 Take vitamin supplements?

7 Over eat at meals?

8 Eat between meals?

9 Eat while watching TV, reading and

so on?
10 Skip breakfast?
11 Skip lunch?
12 Skip dinner?

13 Use crash diets to loose weight?

14 Take diet pills?

15 Use amphetamines to loose weight?

 JOB INVOLVEMENT
Ashok Prathap Singh

Description of the Tool:

There are 40 items; the items of the scale are formed in such way that they can be used for
measuring the degree of involvement of all subjects irrespective of the nature of their work,
organization and machines and tools they [Link] reliability of the scale was computed by
using Cronback’s coefficient technique and it was found to be 0.83. The index homogeneity
and internal validity of the scale was determined by computing the point biserial coefficient
of correlation (r=0.40) to ascertain how the scores on the individual items ranging from 1 to 4
contribute to the score.

Administration:

Administration of Job Involvement questionnaire is simple and straight forward. The items in
the questionnaires are clear, the respondent is asked to evaluate and go through each
statement on the basis of their judgments on the scale. The respondent asked not to ponder
over the statements. Work as fast as he/she can, without omitting any statements. There is no
right or wrong answers.

Scoring:

Strongly Agree 1
Agree 2
Disagree 3
Strongly disagree 4
Reverse scoring:
1,3,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,19,20,21,22,23,26,27,29,33,34 and 37
By adding, the total score ranges from 40 – 60
1. I do not engage myself in the work after the working hours.
2. I feel relaxed after the working hours.
3. I feel pity when there is no work to do.
4. I feel boredom when I do not have any work to do.
5. I am fully committed to my job.
6. To do work is the best source of recreation for me.
7. When the work problem is not solved then I continue to think about that in the home
also.
8. Sometimes it is difficult for me to have sleep when I think about the job.
9. Sometimes I cut my break to complete my job.
10. I prepare myself at house to attend the work in a better way.
11. I spend myself in job related activities.
12. I get disappointed when my work is not completed.
13. I keep myself engaged in the work without bothering about the happenings with me.
14. I become anxious when the work is not completed.
15. I think about the work at the time of doing it.
16. I leave other important things for my work.
17. It the holiday also I think that my work is not being done.
18. I usually look at the watch for leaving about the time to stop the work.
19. I complete my work even if it takes more than required time without any extra salary.
20. How good a man is can be understood by his quality of work
21. I get maximum satisfaction from my work.
22. My time flies at the work.
23. The important events of myself are related to my work
24. I feel bad at the work.
25. There are other important work to me than the present one.
26. Work is everything to me.
27. Probably I will be continuing on my job ever if I have no need of money.
28. Mostly I like to stay at home in comparison to coming for the work
29. My work is the most important part of my life.
30. I keep self involved in my work.
31. I escape from taking extra work and responsibility other than the allotted work.
32. In the past I had more interest in any work than present.
33. There are other things important than the work.
34. Sometimes I would like to blame myself for my faults at work.
35. I do not stay overtime ever if some work is incomplete.
36. I find boredom in my job.
37. I do not think about the work at the time of returning back to home from work.
38. I have chosen suitable job for myself.
39. More money can be earned from some other job.
40. I work only for money.
 JOB SATISFACTION
Bubey,B.L., Uppal, K.K. and Verma, S.K (1989).

Description of the Tool:

The Job satisfaction Scale consists of 25 statements. It is measured on a 5 point scale ranging
from 0 to 4. The questionnaire is independent of age, education and salary. It has reliability
score of 0.64 (test-retest) and 0.72 (split half reliability coefficient).

Administration:

Administration of Job satisfaction questionnaire is simple and straight forward. The items in
the questionnaires are clear, the respondent is asked to evaluate and go through each
statement on the basis of their judgments on the scale. The respondent asked not to ponder
over the statements. Work as fast as he/she can, without omitting any statements. There is no
right or wrong answers.

Scoring
The scores are summed along with the reverse scores for items 24 and 25
Strongly Agree 0
Agree 1
Undecided 2
Disagree 3
Strongly disagree 4
The scores are summed for all the items. Low scores indicate satisfaction and high scores
indicate dissatisfaction.
1. I have been getting promotion as per my qualification and experience.
2. I have full confidence in the management of this organization
3. Favoritism does not have any role to play in this organization
4. On the whole, I am satisfied with the general supervision in my department.
5. Working conditions in this organization are satisfactory
6. I think this organization treats its employees better than any other organization.
7. My superior keeps me informed about all policies / happenings of this organization.
8. I feel that I have opportunity to present my problems to the management
9. My present job is per my ability / qualification and experience
10. My supervisor behaves properly with me.
11. I feel proud of working in this organization
12. Comparing the salary for similar jobs in other organization I feel my pay is better.
13. My supervisor takes into account my wishes as well as works done.
14. As per work requirement my pay is fair.
15. My job has helped me to learn more skills.
16. I feel that my job is reasonably secure as long as I do good work.
17. Promotions are made on merit in this organization.
18. I usually feel fresh at the end of the day’s work.
19. My pay is enough for providing necessary things in my life.
20. There is high team spirit in the work group.
21. I am satisfied with welfare facilities (medical etc.) provided by the organization.
22. On the whole, I feel I have good prospects or advancement in my job.
23. I do not like to do this job but circumstances force me.
24. If I get similar job in some other organization I would like to quit this job.
25. Organization adopts best methods of work as early as possible
 Life events questionnaire

Scoring

The stress level of the subject is calculated by adding the corresponding stress values
assigned to the life events.

Interpretation

Below 15 –low stress level

150—300—moderate stress level

Above 300—high stress level

 Life events questionnaire
Direction:
Read the following statements, and if you are currently experiencing any of the
stressful life events, then circle the life change units score in the corresponding side.
If you are not experiencing the life events move to the next one on the list.
NO LIFE EVENTS LIFE CHANGE UNITS
1 Death of a spouse 100
2 Divorce 73
3 Marital separation 65
4 Jail term 63
5 Death of close family member 63
6 Personal injury or illness 53
7 Marriage 50
8 Fixed at work 47
9 Marital reconciliation 45
10 Retirement 45
11 Change in health of family member 44
12 Pregnancy 40
13 Sex difficulties 39
14 Gain of new family member 39
15 Business readjustment 39
16 Change in financial state 38
17 Death of a close friend 37
18 Change to different line of work 36
19 Change in number of arguments with spouse 35
20 Mortgage over Rs.10,000/- 31
21 Foreclosure of mortgage or loan 30
22 Change in responsibilities at work 29
23 Son or daughter leaving home 29
24 Trouble with in-laws 29
25 Outstanding personal achievement 28
26 Spouse begins or leaves a job 26
27 Begin or end school 25
28 Change in living conditions 25
29 Change in personal habits 24
30 Trouble with boss 23
31 Change in work hours or conditions 20
32 Change in residence 20
33 Change is schools 20
34 Change in church activities 19
35 Change in recreation 19
36 Change in social activities 18
37 Mortgage or loan less than Rs.10,000/- 17
38 Change in sleeping habits 16
39 Change in number of family get-togethers 15
40 Change in eating habits 13
41 Vacation 13
42 Christmas 12
43 Minor violations of law 11
 Multi- phasic questionnaire

Description of the scale

The multi-phasic questionnaire consists of hundred questions. There is no right or wrong

answers. There are only two responses true or false.

Scoring and interpretation

Number of true Number of false

Dimension Level of significance
response response

Anxiety 16 10 11 and above

Depression 10 4 5 and above

Mania 13 3 6 and above

Paranoid 11 7 8 and above

Schizoid 7 3 5 and above

Psychopath 20 14 17 and above

Hysteria 5 3 4 and above

k. scale 2 10 4 and above

 MULTI- PHASIC QUESTIONNAIRE

The following statements are intended to indicate your interest and attitude this is not an
intelligence test and there are no right and wrong answers. Draw a circle around “T” if the
corresponding statement is true and around “F” if it is false. If you are not sure, guess.
No Statements True False

1 I often get red spots on my neck

2 I like to be praised by my superiors

3 I enjoy many different kinds of play and recreation

4 I have never fainted or felt like fainting

5 I have used alcohol excessively

6 I would like to be a nurse

7 My parents were generally reasonable in making me obey

8 I easily become impatient with people

9 Peculiar odours come to me at times

10 The top of my head sometimes feel tender

11 My soul sometimes leaves my body

12 I do not always tell the truth

13 I usually feel that life is worth while

14 I enjoy detective or mystery stories

15 I have very few quarrels with members of my family

16 I am interested in the latest fashions in clothes

17 I feel that I have often been punished without cause

18 I don’t like to study about things that I am working at

19 I have never been in love with anyone

20 I often have feelings like burning, tingling or crawling

21 I am not afraid to handle money

22 I do not like everyone I know

23 I brood a great deal

24 I am worried about sex matters

25 My comfort comes before that of others

26 I like mechanics(dealing with machines and automobiles), magazines

popular or otherwise
27 I have had more than my share of things to worry about

28 I forget right away what people say me

29 I dislike having people around me

30 I have a great deal of stomach trouble

31 It does not bother me particularly to see animals suffer

32 Sometimes I put off until tomorrow what I should do today

33 I do not worry about catching diseases

34 Many people exaggerate their trouble to gain sympathy

35 I would rather enjoy the present than plan for a future

36 I am not interested in science

37 I have no enemies who really wish to harm me

38 Unimportant thoughts sometimes bother me for days

39 Most of the time I wish I were dead

40 I am usually calm and not easily upset

41 I get angry sometimes

42 I would rather win than lose in a game

43 Once in a while I laugh at a dirty joke

44 When in trouble I keep my mouth shut

45 I have very few fears compared to my friends

46 I never liked to play with dolls

47 I am sure I am being talked about

48 I get upset when I have to make a short trip away from home

49 I often feel as if things were not real

50 I often feel pain in the back of my neck

51 I can sleep during the day but not at night

52 Some times when I am not feeling well I gen annoyed easily

53 I am easily awakened by noise

54 My eye sight is as good as it has been for years

55 There is very little love and companionship in my family

56 I like adventure stories better than romantic stories

57 I think I feel more intensely than most people do

58 I must stop and think even before doing simple tasks

59 Many of my dreams are about sex matters

60 I have no difficulty in holding or moving my bowels

61 A priest or a religious man can cure disease by putting his hand on your head

62 I am not always prompt

63 I go to temple or church regularly

64 My sleep is fitful and disturbed

65 I have been quite independent and free from family rule

66 I would like to tend a flower garden

67 Evil spirits never posses me

68 I often cross the street to avoid someone I see

69 I get all the sympathy I should

70 I have had no difficulty holding or starting my urine

71 I believe in law enforcement

72 Once in awhile I have broken a promise

73 Criticism or scolding hurts me terribly

74 My home life is as pleasant as that of most people

75 I liked school

76 I like poetry

77 I don’t believe that anyone is plotting against me

78 I have a habit of counting unimportant things

79 I hear things when I am alone

80 I have had several operations which did not benefit me

81 Sometimes I feel that I must injure myself or someone else

82 I gossip a little at times

83 When I leave home I do not worry if I locked the door

84 My conduct is controlled by the customs around me

85 I have not lied the right kind of life

86 I like to cook

87 Someone has control over my mind

88 Bad words come to my mind and I can’t get rid of them

89 Sometimes I enjoy hurting people I love

90 I enjoy social gatherings just to be with people

91 Some persons try to steal my thoughts and ideas

92 At times I envy successful people

93 I work under a great deal of tension

94 The sight of a blood neither frightens or makes me sick

95 Lust for pleasure often gets me into trouble

96 I often wish i were born at opposite sex

97 I am on guard with people who are too friendly

98 I do not dread going into a room where people have gathered suddenly

99 At times I have enjoyed being hurt by someone I love

100 I cannot do anything well

 MPQ- SCORING KEY
Anxiety Depression Mania Paranoid Schizo Psychopath Hysteria K scale
deviate
26 14 16 18 20 34 8 12
T F T F T F T F T F T F T F T F
8 3 6 3 6 32 17 12 9 67 5 3 11 40 19 9
18 40 18 13 17 46 20 14 10 70 18 13 23 45 47 12
20 45 20 30 20 62 27 37 11 77 27 14 29 83 22
23 47 27 40 35 29 67 18 29 15 50 32
24 56 28 39 39 77 19 33 25 64 42
30 60 39 47 47 92 20 36 37 52
36 66 48 53 50 97 28 38 69 62
38 70 53 61 55 30 39 74 72
39 74 64 64 61 39 43 75 82
48 94 100 79 64 41 47 82 92
64 86 79 55 48 84
73 96 61 51 89
78 97 64 52 91
81 79 53 94
93 81 55
100 87 62
88 64
65
85
88

11&above 5 & above 6 & above 8& above 5 & above 17& above 4& above 4& above
significant significant significant significant Significant significant significant significant
 MULTIDIMENSIONAL HEALTH LOCUS OF CONTROL QUESTIONNAIRE
developed by [Link] A. Wallston

Description of The Tool:

The multidimensional health locus of control questionnaire developed by Dr. Kenneth A.
Wallston, consists of 3 forms (i.e.: Form A, B and C) and all the 3 forms consists of 18 items
each and each item is measured with a 6 point rating scale ranging from strongly disagree to
strongly agree.

Administration And Directions Given:

The subject was given the following instructions- “Each item below is a belief statement
about your medical condition with which you may agree or disagree. Beside each statement is
a scale which ranges from strongly disagree (1) to strongly agree (6). For each item we would
like you to circle the number that represents the extent to which you agree or disagree with
that statement. The more you agree with a statement, the higher will be the number you
circle. The more you disagree with a statement, the lower will be the number you circle.
Please make sure that you answer every item and that you circle only one number per item.
This is a measure of your personal beliefs; obviously, there is no right or wrong answers.

Reliability And Validity:

The reliability and validity for the multidimensional health locus of control questionnaire was
assessed through study subjects of 2388 men and 2454 women aged 18- 40 years who
completed the questionnaire regarding socio-demographics, healthrelated behaviour such as
smoking and drinking and other high risk behaviours. Internal consistency reliability
established with alpha coefficients from 0.691 to 0.849. And Predictive validity established.

Scoring Method:
The score on each subscale is the sum of the values circled for each item on the subscale (i.e.,
where 1 = "strongly disagree", 2 = moderately disagree, 3 = slightly disagree, 4 = slightly
agree, 5 = moderately agree and 6 = "strongly agree"). No items need to be reversed before
summing. All of the subscales are independent of one another. There is no such thing as a
"total" MHLC score.
Interpretation:
Internal: 1- 36 = Low
37- 72 = Moderate
73- 108 = High
Chance: 1- 36 = Low
37- 72 = Moderate
73- 108 = High
Powerful others: 1- 24 = Low
25- 48 = Moderate
49- 72 = High
Doctors: 1- 6 = Low
7- 12 = Moderate
13- 18 = High
Other people: 1- 6 = Low
7- 12 = Moderate
13- 18 = High
 MULTIDIMENSIONAL HEALTH LOCUS OF CONTROL
By Dr. Kenneth A. Wallston

Name :

Age :

Sex :

Intake of ART :

Instructions:
Instructions: Each item below is a belief statement about your medical condition
with which you may agree or disagree. Beside each statement is a scale which ranges
from strongly disagree (1) to strongly agree (6). For each item we would like you to
circle the number that represents the extent to which you agree or disagree with that
statement. The more you agree with a statement, the higher will be the number you circle.
The more you disagree with a statement, the lower will be the number you circle. Please
make sure that you answer every item and that you circle only one number per item. This
is a measure of your personal beliefs; obviously, there are no right or wrong answers.

Form A
 1=STRONGLY DISAGREE (SD) 4=SLIGHTLY AGREE (A)
2=MODERATELY DISAGREE (MD) 5=MODERATELY AGREE (MA)
3=SLIGHTLY DISAGREE (D) 6=STRONGLY AGREE (SA)

S.
STATEMENT SD MD D A MA SA
No.
If I get sick, it is my own behavior which
1 1 2 3 4 5 6
determines how soon I get well again.
No matter what I do, if I am going to get
2 1 2 3 4 5 6
sick, I will get sick.
Having regular contact with my physician
3 1 2 3 4 5 6
is the best way for me to avoid illness.
Most things that affect my health happen to
4 1 2 3 4 5 6
me by accident.
Whenever I don'
t feel well, I should consult
5 1 2 3 4 5 6
a medically trained professional.
6 I am in control of my health. 1 2 3 4 5 6
My family has a lot to do with my
7 1 2 3 4 5 6
becoming sick or staying healthy.
8 When I get sick, I am to blame. 1 2 3 4 5 6
Luck plays a big part in determining how
9 1 2 3 4 5 6
soon I will recover from an illness.
10 Health professionals control my health. 1 2 3 4 5 6
My good health is largely a matter of good
11 1 2 3 4 5 6
fortune.
The main thing which affects my health is
12 1 2 3 4 5 6
what I myself do.
13 If I take care of myself, I can avoid illness. 1 2 3 4 5 6
14 Whenever I recover from an illness, it'
s 1 2 3 4 5 6
 usually because other people (for example,
doctors, nurses, family, friends) have been
taking good care of me.
15 No matter what I do, I '
m likely to get sick. 1 2 3 4 5 6
16 If it'
s meant to be, I will stay healthy. 1 2 3 4 5 6
17 If I take the right actions, I can stay healthy. 1 2 3 4 5 6
Regarding my health, I can only do what
18 1 2 3 4 5 6
my doctor tells me to do.

Form B

1=STRONGLY DISAGREE (SD) 4=SLIGHTLY AGREE (A)

2=MODERATELY DISAGREE (MD) 5=MODERATELY AGREE (MA)
3=SLIGHTLY DISAGREE (D) 6=STRONGLY AGREE (SA)

S.
STATEMENT SD MD D A MA SA
No.
If I become sick, I have the power to make
1 1 2 3 4 5 6
myself well again.
Often I feel that no matter what I do, if I am
2 1 2 3 4 5 6
going to get sick, I will get sick.
If I see an excellent doctor regularly, I am
3 1 2 3 4 5 6
less likely to have health problems.
It seems that my health is greatly
4 1 2 3 4 5 6
influenced by accidental happenings.
I can only maintain my health by consulting
5 1 2 3 4 5 6
health professionals.
6 I am directly responsible for my health. 1 2 3 4 5 6
7 Other people play a big part in whether I 1 2 3 4 5 6
 stay healthy or become sick.
Whatever goes wrong with my health is my
8 1 2 3 4 5 6
own fault.
When I am sick, I just have to let nature run
9 1 2 3 4 5 6
its course.
10 Health professionals keep me healthy. 1 2 3 4 5 6
11 When I stay healthy, I'
m just plain lucky. 1 2 3 4 5 6
My physical well-being depends on how
12 1 2 3 4 5 6
well I take care of myself.
When I feel ill, I know it is because I have
13 1 2 3 4 5 6
not been taking care of myself properly.
The type of care I receive from other people
14 is what is responsible for how well I 1 2 3 4 5 6
recover from an illness.
Even when I take care of myself, it'
s easy to
15 1 2 3 4 5 6
get sick.
16 When I become ill, it'
s a matter of fate. 1 2 3 4 5 6
I can pretty much stay healthy by taking
17 1 2 3 4 5 6
good care of myself.
Following doctor'
s orders to the letter is the
18 1 2 3 4 5 6
best way for me to stay healthy.

Form C

1=STRONGLY DISAGREE (SD) 4=SLIGHTLY AGREE (A)

2=MODERATELY DISAGREE (MD) 5=MODERATELY AGREE (MA)
3=SLIGHTLY DISAGREE (D) 6=STRONGLY AGREE (SA)

S. STATEMENT SD MD D A MA SA
No.
If my condition worsens, it is my own
1 behavior which determines how soon I will 1 2 3 4 5 6
feel better again.
2 As to my condition, what will be will be. 1 2 3 4 5 6
If I see my doctor regularly, I am less likely
3 1 2 3 4 5 6
to have problems with my condition.
Most things that affect my condition
4 1 2 3 4 5 6
happen to me by chance.
Whenever my condition worsens, I should
5 1 2 3 4 5 6
consult a medically trained professional.
I am directly responsible for my condition
6 1 2 3 4 5 6
getting better or worse.
Other people play a big role in whether my
7 condition improves, stays the same, or gets 1 2 3 4 5 6
worse.
Whatever goes wrong with my condition is
8 1 2 3 4 5 6
my own fault.
Luck plays a big part in determining how
9 1 2 3 4 5 6
my condition improves.
In order for my condition to improve, it is
10 up to other people to see that the right 1 2 3 4 5 6
things happen.
Whatever improvement occurs with my
11 condition is largely a matter of good 1 2 3 4 5 6
fortune.
The main thing which affects my condition
12 1 2 3 4 5 6
is what I myself do.
I deserve the credit when my condition
13 1 2 3 4 5 6
improves and the blame when it gets worse.
 Following doctor'
s orders to the letter is the
14 best way to keep my condition from getting 1 2 3 4 5 6
any worse.
If my condition worsens, it'
s a matter of
15 1 2 3 4 5 6
fate.
16 If I am lucky, my condition will get better. 1 2 3 4 5 6
If my condition takes a turn for the worse, it
17 is because I have not been taking proper 1 2 3 4 5 6
care of myself.
The type of help I receive from other
18 people determines how soon my condition 1 2 3 4 5 6
improves.

SCORING INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE MHLC SCALES

POSSIBLE
SUBSCALE FORM(s) ITEMS
RANGE
Internal A, B, C 6 - 36 1, 6, 8, 12, 13, 17
Chance A, B, C 6 - 36 2, 4, 9, 11, 15, 16
Powerful Others A, B 6 - 36 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, 18
Doctors C 3 - 18 3, 5, 14
Other People C 3 - 18 7, 10, 18

The score on each subscale is the sum of the values circled for each item on the subscale
(i.e., where 1 = "strongly disagree" and 6 = "strongly agree"). No items need to be
reversed before summing. All of the subscales are independent of one another. There is
no such thing as a "total" MHLC score.
 MYERS–BRIGGS TYPE INDICATOR

Description Of The Tool

The researcher used Myers–Briggs Type Indicator that is based on Jungian theory. The
inventory has 32 statements. Each set of statements has to be rated by giving a score of 0 to 5.
The scale measures 8 dimensions, which are Introvert, Extrovert, Intuitive, Sensing,
Thinking, Feeling, Perceiving and Judging.
Reliability and Validity
Test – retest reliabilities show consistency over time, with levels of agreement much greater
than by chance. When subjects report a change in type, it is most likely to occur in only one
preference and in scales where the original preference was low. The reliabilities co-efficient
for Thinking- Feeling remains the lowest of the four scales, as suspected. The validity
structure provides evidence of the construct validity of the Myers Briggs Type Indicator used.
Several confirmatory factor analyses have been conducted and results indicate clear support
for the plausibility of the predicted hierarchical structure of the instrument (i.e. the subscale
to overall performance scale relationship).
Administration of Test [Mbti]
The HR department asked the researcher to sent the details like what is personality, why it is
important to know about personality. After that the HR department sent that mail to all the
software professionals. Then the next day they allotted time for the researcher to administer
the test for all the software professionals. So the researcher gave the questionnaire along with
personal details sheet to the each software professionals and gave the instructions: The
purpose of this inventory is to create a picture of the shape of your preferences. Just as no
person’s foot shapes is right or wrong. The following items are arranged in pairs (a and b),
and each member of the pair represents a preference you may or may not hold. Rate your
preference for each item by giving a score of 0 to 5 (0 meaning you really feel negative about
it or strongly about the other member of the pair and 5 meaning you strongly prefer it or do
not prefer the other member of the pair). The scores for a and b MUST ADD UP TO 5 (0 and
5, 1 and 4, 2 and 3, etc.). Don’t use fractions such as 2 ½.
Scoring
After the respondent has finished answering the statements, a total is arrived at for each
dimension separately. A combination of the dimensions gives a classification of the
Dimensions gives a classification for the respondent. There are 16 classifications of which
only one will describe the individual’s personal style.
 Personal Style Inventory
Just as every person has differently shaped feet and toes from every other person, so we
all have differently “Shaped” personal styles. The purpose of this inventory is to create
a picture of the shape pf your preferences. Just as no person’s foot shape is “right” or
“wrong”, so no person’s personal style is right or wrong.

The following items are arranged in pairs (a and b), and each member of the pair
represents a preference you may not hold. Rate your preference for each item by giving
a score of 0 to 5 (0 meaning you really feel negative about it or strongly about the other
member of the pair and 5 meaning you strongly prefer it or do not prefer the other
member of the pair). The scores for a and b MUST BE ADD UP TO 5 (0 and 5, 1 and
4, 2 and 3, etc.). Don’t use fractions such as 2 ½.

I prefer:

1a. ____ making decisions after finding out what others think.
1b. ____ making decisions without consulting others.

2a. ____ being called imaginative or intuitive.

2b. ____ being called factual and accurate.

3a. ____ making decisions about people in organizations based on available data and
systematic analysis of situations.
3b. ____ making decisions about people in organizations based on empathy, feelings,
and an understanding of their needs and values.

4a. ____ allowing commitments to occur if others want to make them.

4b. ____ pushing for definite commitments to ensure that they are made.

5a. ____ quiet, thoughtful time alone.

5b. ____ active, energetic time with people.

6a. ____ using methods I know well that are effective to get the job done.
6b. ____trying to think of new methods of doing tasks when confronted with them.

7a. ____ drawing conclusion based on unemotional logic and careful step- by- step
analysis.
7b. ____ drawing conclusion based on what I feel and believe about life and people
from past experiences.

8a. ____ avoiding making deadlines.

8b. ____ setting a schedules and sticking to it.

9a. ____ talking awhile and then thinking to myself about the subject.
9b. ____ talking freely for an extended period and thinking to myself at a later time.

10a. ____ thinking about possibilities.

10b. ____dealing with actualities.

11a. ____ being thought of as a thinking person.

11b. ____ being thought of as a feeling person.

12a. ____ considering every possible angle for a long time before and after making a
decision.
12b. ____ getting the information I need, considering it for a while, and then making a
fairly quick, firm decision.

13a. ____ inner thoughts and feelings others cannot see.

13b. ____ activities and occurrences in which others join.

14a. ____ the abstract or theoretical.

14b. ____ the concrete or real.

15a. ____ helping others explore their feelings.

15b. ____ helping others make logical decisions.

16a. ____ change and keeping options open.

16b. ____predictability and knowing in advance.

17a. ____ communicating little of inner thinking and feelings.

17b. ____ communicating freely my inner thinking and feelings.

18a. ____ possible views of the whole.

18b. ____the factual details available.

19a. ____ using common sense and conviction to make decisions.

19b. ____ using data, analysis, and reason to make decisions.

20a. ____ planning ahead based on projections.

20b. ____ planning as necessities arise, just before carrying out the plans.

21a. ____ meeting new people.

21b. ____ being alone or with one person I know well.

22a. ____ ideas.

22b. ____facts.
23a. ____ convictions.
23b. ____verifiable conclusions.

24a. ____ keeping appointments and notes about commitments in notebooks or in

appointment books as much as possible.
24b. ____ using appointment books and notebooks as minimally as possible ( although
I may use them).

25a. ____ discussing a new, unconsidered issue at length in a group.

25b. ____ puzzling out issue in my mind, then sharing the results with another person.

26a. ____ carrying out carefully laid, detailed plans with precision.
26b. ____ designing plans and structures without necessarily carrying them out.

27a. ____ logical people.

27b. ____ feeling people.

28a. ____ being free to do thing on the spur of the moment.

28b. ____ knowing well in advance what I am expected to do.

29a. ____ being the center of attention.

29b. ____ being reserved.

30a. ____ imagining the nonexistent.

30b. ____ examining details of the actual.

31a. ____ experiencing emotional situations, discussions, movies.

31b. ____ using my ability to analyse situations.

32a. ____ starting meetings at a prearranged time.

32b. ____ starting meetings when all are comfortable or ready.
 PARENTAL STRESS SCALE (PSS)
Berry, J.O., &Jones, W.H. (1995).

Description
The Parental Stress Scale is a self-report scale that contains 18 items representing pleasure or
positive themes of parenthood (emotional benefits, self achievement, personal development)
and negative components (demands on resources, opportunity costs & restrictions). The scale
is intended to be used for the assessment of parental stress for both mothers and fathers and
for parent’s assessment of parental stress for both mothers and fathers and for parents of
children with and without clinical problem.

Reliability
The Parental Scale demonstrated satisfactory levels of internal reliability (.83) and test – re
test reliability (.81).

Validity
The scale demonstrated satisfactory convergent validity with various measures of stress,
emotion, and role satisfaction, including perceived stress, work / family stress, anxiety,
guilty, marital satisfaction, marital commitment, job satisfaction and social support.
Discriminate between parents of typically developing children and parents of children with
both developmental and behavioural problems.
Administration
The test can be administered individually as well as in a group. The respondents are asked to
agree or disagree with items in terms of their typical relationship with their child or children and
to rate each item on a five-point scale.
Strongly disagree (1)
Disagree (2)
Undecided (3)
Agree (4) and
Strongly agree (5).
Scoring
All scores are added up, eight items are reversed scored. (Items 1,2,5,6,7,8,17&18). The
scores range from 18-90. Based on scores we can interpret as mild, moderate and severe
stress level. Higher scores on the scale indicate greater stress.
 PARENTAL STRESS SCALE (PSS)

Instructions: The following statements describe feelings and perceptions about the
experience of being a parent. Think of each item in terms of how your relationship
with your child or children typically is. Please indicate the degree to which you agree
or disagree with the following items by placing the appropriate number in the space
provided.

1 2 3 4 5
Strongly Disagree Undecided Agree Strongly Disagree

____1. I am happy as my role as a parent.

____2. There is little or nothing I wouldn’t do for my children if it was necessary.
____3. Caring for my children sometimes takes more time and energy than I have to
give.
____4. I sometimes worry whether I am doing enough for my children.
____5. I feel close to my children.
____6. I enjoy spending time with my children.
____7. My children are an important source of affection to me.
____8. Having children gives me a more certain and optimistic view for the future.
___ 9. The major source of stress in my life is my children.
____10. Having children leaves little time and flexibility in my life.
____11. Having children has been a financial burden.
____12. It is difficult to balance different responsibilities because of my children.
___ 13. The behavior of my children is often embarrassing or stressful to me.
___ 14. If I had to do over again, I might decide not to have children.
____15. I feel overwhelmed by the responsibility of being a parent.
____16. Having children has meant having too few choices and too little control over
my life.
____17. I am satisfied as a parent.
____18. I find my children enjoyable.
 PERCEIVED SOCIAL SUPPORT

Description of the tool

Parents’ perception of support was assessed using a scale designed by Van Dongen-Melman
et al. as part of an extensive questionnaire for assessing the psychosocial situation s of parents
of children with cancer (Van Dongen-Melman, 1995; Van Dongen-Melman et al., 1995)
(Refer Appendix II). Originally the scale score were computed inversely to assess loneliness.
Since the majority of the items concern how the respondent perceives support from people
the scale was in this study chosen as the measure of perceived social support. The scale
contains 8 items, five of which concern general social relations and three the child’s disease.
Parents rated the item son a 4-point Likert scale: ‘I strongly Agree’, ‘I Agree’, ‘I Disagree’,
or ‘I strongly Disagree’. Evaluation of the scale has not been done. Cronbach’s alpha value
for the in this study was 0.85 indicating good reliability.

Procedure

The subjects are asked to read the instructions carefully. The instructions given are as
follows: “Read each question carefully. How strongly do you agree or disagree with the
following statements. Record your response with a tick (_) mark. Please do not omit any
item.

Scoring

Each individual was assigned a measure of perceived social support, through dividing the
total individual score by the number of non-missing items, thus receiving a mean value
within the range 1-4. A higher value reflects more satisfaction with support.
 Questionnaire

KINDLY READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS

Read each question carefully.

How strongly do you agree or disagree with the following statements
Record your response with a tick ( ) mark.
Please do not omit any item.

Your answers will be kept confidential.

Thank you for your cooperation.

I strongly I strongly
[Link]. Items I Agree I Disagree
Agree Disagree

1. It is hard to find real friends.

2. When you really need someone,

there is no one there.

Because of the disease of my child,

3. we as a family have become left on
our own.

4. Sometimes I feel very lonely.

5. Sometimes I feel that one is alone in

the world after all.

Because nobody understands, it is

6. better to keep your worries about
your child to yourself.

People just do not understand there

7.
are still a number of worries left
after treatment has ended.

Sometimes it is very difficult to

8. make long-lasting contacts.
 PERSONAL EFFECTIVENESS SCALE

This instrument is for your own use. So be frank in your responses. Read each statement
given below and indicate your score against the corresponding numbers provided in the score
sheet by following the guidelines given in the five point scale
Score 4: If it is most characteristic of you or if you always or most often behave or feel -
this way.-

Score 3: If is fairly true of you, or you quite often behave or feel this way-

Score 2: If it is somewhat true in your case-

Score 1: If it is not true or if you only occasionally feel or behave this way-

Score 0: If it is not at all characteristic of you or you seldom feel or behave this way-

1. I am not frank with people unless I know them well.

2. I carefully consider and respond positively to the feedback from my teachers.
3. I unknowingly say things which disturb my parents.
4. I generally hesitate to express my feelings.
5. When a teacher or a friend directly tells me how he or she feels about my behavior I
Close up and stop listening.
6. On hindsight, I regret being so tactless with my parents.
7. I do not hesitate to express my opinions to my friends and the others, even if I feel that
this may be unacceptable to them.
8. I take steps to find out how my behavior has been perceived by my friends with
whom I have been interacting.
9. I deliberately observe my teachers to gauge how they will react to what I am going to
tell them, and accordingly communicate with them.
10. When a friend discusses certain problems, I do not spontaneously share with him/her
my similar experiences.
11. If the teacher criticizes me, I hear him/her through, but I do not let this bother me.
12. I fail to pick up cues on my friend’s feelings and reactions when I am involved in an
argument or a conversation.
13. I enjoy talking with my friends about my personal concerns and other such matters.
14. I value what my teachers have to say about my behaviour and competence.
15. I am often surprised to know that my friends were put off, bored, or annoyed when I
thought they were enjoying interacting with me.
 PGI HEALTH QUESTIONNAIRE N-1
[Link]

Description of the tool:

PGI Health Questionnaire N-1 developed by [Link], [Link] Pershad and
[Link]. The questionnaire consists of 38 items. The questionnaire is divided into A
(physical distress) and B (psychological distress) sections with 16 and 22 items, respectively.

Administration and directions given:

This test is a short, simple test with low difficulty value for items, can be used with
illiterate, unsophisticated population also, it has high internal consistency, reliability and
validity and its utility has been demonstrated in a number of studies with varied populations
viz. normal, neurotic etc. Higher score usually indicates greater chances of developing
psychiatric symptoms. It also reflects a need for early psychiatric help and follow-up care.
The subject is seated comfortably. The PGI Health questionnaire is placed before the subject
and the following instructions are given. Here are few statements about your physical and
mental health. Read them carefully and tick those items, which are applicable on you. Make it
clear that there is no ‘right’ or ‘wrong’ answers and not to spend too much time on any item.
Avoid long explanations and suggestions on how to reply.

Reliability:
The reliability of the test was examined using ‘test-retest’ and ‘split half’ methods and
was found to be significantly high 0.88 and 0.86 respectively.

Validity:
Validity of the PGI HQ N-1 was established, administering other well-known tests of
neuroticism concomitantly. It was fond that the total score of the PGI HQ N-1 was highly
correlated with similar trait of other scales. Separate scores of section ‘A’ and ‘B’ were found
having relatively lower correlation (though still significant) with measures of neuroticism on
other tests. This confirms that a combination of ‘physical’ and ‘psychological’ scores
constitutes a better measure of neuroticism. If one obtains high score only on one of the two
sections, then there are relatively less chances of being a case of neurosis. The test was cross
validated on fresh samples, it was found that mean scores of male and female psychiatric
population were comparable but were markedly distinct from normals were found to be 8.61
(N=70) male and 8.64 (N=8.64) female respectively.

SCORING METHOD
A high score need not always indicate neurosis, but (a) it shows a propensity to
develop neurotic symptoms under stress, and (b) neurotic score high than normals. Some of
the ‘normals’ do develop symptoms later and a few neurotics tend to deny the presence of
symptoms, which may be considered as socially undesirable responses. There is no fixed
number of question (a cut off point) above, which all neurotics should score on the test.
 Health Questionnaire

Directions: Here are few statements, read them carefully and tick (9) those items which are
applicable on you.
SL..No. STATEMENTS RESPONSE
AREA-A
1. I get tired easily.

2. I often remain sick.

3. I am much worried.

4. I worry a lot of about my health.

5. My appetite is always poor.

6. I frequently suffer from headaches.

7. I frequently have colds.

8. I have to clear my throat frequently.

9. I often have giddiness.

10. I have to go frequently for passing urine.

11. I have difficulty in falling a sleep.

12. I suffer from breathlessness.

13. I suffer from frequent indigestion.

14. I often have thumping of heart.

15. I have bodyaches.

16. I pass worms in stool.

AREA-B

17. I am of shy nature.

18. I am very sensitive.

19. I get easily upset.

20. I worry a lot.

21. I usually ask for advise.

22. I cannot take decision quickly.

23. I get upset by slight criticism.

24. I get upset if I am asked to hurry.

25. I deliberately work slowly because of fear of

mistakes in my work.

26. I get disturbed meeting new persons or going to new place.

27. I usually feel depressed.

28. I cry easily.

29. I feel hopeless and in despair.

30. I am fearful of loud noise.

31. I get upset easily when someone appears suddenly

before me.

32. I feel nervous and anxious before superiors.

33. I get easily irritated.

34. I often lose my temper.

35. I am afraid of the darkness.

36. I get frightening dreams.

37. My life seems useless.

38. It is better to die than to live.

 RATHUS ASSERTIVE SKILL SHEDULE

Description of the tool

It was standardised in 1967 on high school students. It measures the level of assertiveness.
The scale comprised of 32 statements which have to be rated on 4 point scale.
Scoring
The response for the following items :- 3,6,7,8,10,20,21,22,25,27,28,29 have to be reversed
for scoring purpose that is 1 for 4, 2 for 3, 3 for 2 and 4 for 1.
Interpretation
Scoring Interpretation
1-32 High assertive
33-64 Assertive
65-96 Moderately assertive
97 passive
 RATHUS ASSERTIVE SCHEDULE
Please don’t omit any item. Make sure that you answer all the questions. Your response will
be kept confidential and used for research purpose.
Not at Some
NO Statements Often Always
all times
1 Most people seem to be more aggressive and
1 2 3 4
assertive than I am.
2 I have hesitated to make or accept compliments
1 2 3 4
because of shyness.
3 If the food is not served in time at a restaurant,
1 2 3 4
I complain about it to the waiter.
4 I am careful about avoiding hurting other
peoples feelings even if I feel that I have been 1 2 3 4
injured.
5 If a salesman has taken a lot or time and effort
to display the articles, I find it difficult to reject 1 2 3 4
his offer.
6 When I am asked to do something, I insist upon
1 2 3 4
knowing why.
7 I stand for my rights 1 2 3 4
8 I strive to get ahead of other people in a group 1 2 3 4
9 People take advantage of me 1 2 3 4
10 I enjoy starting conversation with strangers 1 2 3 4
11 I don’t know what to say to people of the
1 2 3 4
opposite sex.
12 I will hesitate to make phone calls to my
1 2 3 4
teacher, HOD/principal.
13 I hesitate to participate in group discussions 1 2 3 4
14 I find it embarrassing to return the purchased
1 2 3 4
goods
15 If a close and expected relative annoys me, I
would smoothen my feelings than express 1 2 3 4
annoyance.
16 I have avoided asking questions for fear of
1 2 3 4
sounding stupid
17 During an argument I am afraid that I might
1 2 3 4
feel upset
18 I find it difficult to oppose in class if what m
1 2 3 4
teacher says is not correct
19 I find it difficult to bargain with salesmen 1 2 3 4
20 What I have done something important or
1 2 3 4
worthwhile i manage to let others know about it
21 I am open and frank about my feelings 1 2 3 4
22 If someone has been spreading false and bad
stories about me, I see him/her as soon as 1 2 3 4
possible and have a talk about it.
23 I have a hard time saying ”no” 1 2 3 4
24 I tend to bottle up my feelings rather than
1 2 3 4
express it.
25 I complain about poor service in a restaurant
1 2 3 4
and else where
26 When I am given a compliment I just do not
1 2 3 4
know what to say
27 If people near me keep talking in an important
1 2 3 4
meeting I would ask them to be quite
28 Anyone attempting to push ahead in a queue, I
1 2 3 4
will ask them to follow the order
29 I don’t hesitate to express my opinion 1 2 3 4
30 There are times when I just can’t say anything 1 2 3 4
31 I don‘t know how to express my love and
1 2 3 4
affection
32 I find it difficult to talk to those of the opposite
1 2 3 4
sex
 ROSENBERG’S SELF ESTEEM SCALE
The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale is a 10-item self-report measure of global self-esteem. It
consists of 10 statements related to overall feelings of self-worth or self-acceptance. The
items are answered on a four-point scale ranging from strongly agree to strongly disagree.
The SES has also been administered as an interview.

Dr. Rosenberg was a professor of sociology at the university of Maryland. He received his
PhD from Columbia university.

Reliability and Validity

The original sample for which the scale was developed in the 1960s consisted of 5024 high
school seniors and juniors from 10 randomly selected schools in New York state and was
scored as a Guttman Scale. The scale generally has high reliability; test-retest correlations are
typically in range of .82 to .88 and Cronbach’s alpha for various sample are in the range of
.77 to .88 ( Blascovich and Tomaka 1993 and Rosenberg 1986) studies have demonstrated
both unidimensional and a two-factor (self confidence and self-deprecation) structure to the
scale.
Scoring
The item number 1, 3, 4, 7, 10 are given scores as follows,
3 for strongly agree
2 for agree
1 for disagree
0 for strongly disagree
The reverse scores are given to item number 2, 5, 6, 8, 9 as follows,
0 for strongly agree
1 for agree
2 for disagree
3 for strongly disagree
Norms
0-10 - low self esteem
10-20 – average self esteem
20-30 - high self esteem.
Instructions
The questionnaire has 10 statements that find out one’s attitude towards life. There is no right
or wrong answers. Read each statement and mark the respond which indicate the extent to
which you feel that way, based on your experience.

SA - Strongly agree
A - Agree
D - Disagree
SD – Strongly disagree

SA A D SD

1. On the whole, I am satisfied with myself

2. At times I think I am no good at all.

3. I feel that I have a number of good qualities.

4. I am able to do things as well as the most other people

5. I feel I do not have much to proud of.

6. I certainly feel useless at times.

7. I feel I am a person worth, at least on am equal place with

others.

8. I wish I could have more respect for myself.

9. All in all, I am inclined to feel that I am a failure.

10. I take a positive attitude toward myself.

 SELF CONCEPT

This 48 item inventory consists of positively and negatively phrased statements about
abilities and strengths related to the affective and cognitive dimension. The positively and
negatively phrased statements are equally balanced in number. Out of the 48 items, 24 items
are positively phrased and another 24 items are negatively phrased. All positively phrased
statements affirm a positive quality and all negatively phrased statements deny a negative
quality. The acceptance of a statement as being character of one-self signifies, in either case,
a positive evaluation of the self. This inventory is intended to measure variations in self-
regard.

Moshin developed this self-concept scale and established high validity and reliability for the
test. It was indicated that the inventory is highly sensitive to individual differences. It has
been used for academic purposes, by many researchers in measuring variations in the self-
concepts among individuals.

Author established its validity by item analysis. The split half reliability of the inventory was
found to be 0.57 for the half and 0.73 for the full inventory using the Spearman-Brown
formula. Inter-sample correlation was computed by dividing the sample into two groups, and
the correlation was found to be 0.78. This indicates that the inventory as a whole is highly
sensitive to individual differences.

Instructions

“You will find below a number of statements. You have to read each one carefully and judge
whether it correctly describes you. If you think the statement to be applicable to you, put a
tick ( ) mark and if it does not apply to you, put a cross (x) in the brackets given against each
statement. Do not omit any item. There is no time limit for the test, but try to answer as
quickly as possible. There is no right or wrong answer please be frank and honest. Your
answers will be treated confidential and will be used for academic purposes only.”

Scoring Method and Interpretation:

The score is total number of items marked tick ( ). The maximum possible score is 48 and
the least can even be 0. Higher the score, higher the self concept.
Here in this study the researcher took 30 and below as having lower self concept and 31 and
above as having higher self concept.
 Self concept

1. I have control over my impulse. [ ]

2. I am not overpowered by emotions. [ ]
3. I have clear ideas about most matters. [ ]
4. Whenever I take a decision, I translate into action. [ ]
5. I do not get easily irritated. [ ]
6. I can easily recall what I have learned earlier. [ ]
7. I do not take long time to arrive at a decision. [ ]
8. I do not bear malice against anybody. [ ]
9. My intelligence can be rated as above the average. [ ]
10. I do not have imaginary fears. [ ]
11. I have a strong memory. [ ]
12. Once I make up my mind about anything, I stick to it. [ ]
13. I do not lose self-control when anybody offends me. [ ]
14. I am capable of observing minute details. [ ]
15. When I am in conflicting situation, I do not find it difficult to resolve the conflict. [ ]
16. I can well imagine a situation even without having observed it. [ ]
17. I do not resort to wishful thinking. [ ]
18. I am prepared to sacrifice my own interest for the good of my friends. [ ]
19. I do not have difficulty in thinking out clearly the solutions of a problem. [ ]
20. I do not desire what is not possible for me to achieve. [ ]
21. I do not change any plan too frequently. [ ]
22. I can keep away all distracting thoughts when applying my mind to a problem. [ ]
23. I get sudden flashes which guide me when I am facing a difficult situation. [ ]
24. None can persuade me to take decision which I do not think proper. [ ]
25. I am deeply affected when I find someone in distress. [ ]
26. I do not mix issues. [ ]
27. I am not carried away by temptations. [ ]
28. I am not overawed by any persons. [ ]
29. My judgments about other persons are generally correct. [ ]
30. I am not dominated by self-interest. [ ]
31. While discussing any matter, I do not create confusion. [ ]
32. My actions are governed by some principles. [ ]
33. Power does not affect me. [ ]
34. I do not have any difficulty in expressing my ideas. [ ]
35. Once I adopt a course of action, I do not bother about its result. [ ]
36. In deciding any issue, I am not compelled by circumstances. [ ]
37. I forgive other’s faults. [ ]
38. I am not suspicious about others. [ ]
39. I can be safely trusted by others. [ ]
40. I can rightly guess the other persons intentions by just observing his behavior. [ ]
41. My actions do not falsify the expectations I raise in others. [ ]
42. I am not used to finding faults with others. [ ]
43. I do not jump to a conclusion. [ ]
44. I generally decide things for myself. [ ]
45. My memory is generally faultless. [ ]
46. I am not altogether carried away by impulses. [ ]
47. I am not an unprincipled person. [ ]
48. My thinking is not confused. [ ]
 SELF-ESTEEM
[Link] (1996)

Description of the Tool

The tool that was used to measure the self-esteem of orthopaedically challenged adolescents
was “Self-Esteem Inventory” by [Link] (1996). This questionnaire was constructed
by [Link] (1996). The multidimensional self-esteem questionnaire consists of 83
items in the form of statements. It has both positive and negative items. Categories are well
mixed to reduce the halo effect and the logical error, and double-barreled statements are
avoided. Each statement has four alternative responses such as ‘Always’, ‘Most of the time’,
‘Sometimes’ and ‘Never’. The inventory measures six dimensions of self-esteem:
Competency (16 items), Global self-esteem (16 items), Moral and self control (13 items),
Social-Esteem (12 items), Family (11 items) and Body and Physical Appearance (9 items).

Competency means ability to evaluate and understand one’s personal resources. This feeling
reflects esteem based on his skills, talents and unique achievements.

Global self-esteem is the general appraisal of the self and it is based on adolescent’s
evolution of all parts of himself. A positive global self-esteem would be reflected in feelings
such as, ‘I am a good person’ or ‘I respect myself’.

Moral and self control is the reflection of feeling good as being honest, sincere, adhering to
social values etc. adolescents who value these supposed to have the feeling of good about
themselves.

Social esteem encompasses the adolescents feeling about himself as a friend to others. Do
others like him, value his ideas, and include him in their activities? Does he feel satisfied with
his interactions and relationship with peers? A child whose social needs are being met, will
feel comfortable with this aspect of himself.

Family self -esteem reflects his feelings about himself as a member of his family. A person
who feels he is a valued member of his family, who makes his own unique contribution, and
who is secure in the love and respect he receives from parents and siblings, will have a high
positive self-esteem in this area.
Body and physical appearance is the body image as a contribution of physical appearance
and capabilities. The adolescent’s self-esteem in this area is based upon his satisfaction with
the way his body looks and performs.

Administration and Direction

It is a self-administration questionnaire. This tool can be administered to a group or to an
individual. The procedure for individual administration is given below. The subject is seated
comfortably in a well lit room, free of external distractions. The questionnaire along with
pencil is given to the subject and the following instructions are read out. “These questions are
to help you learn more about how boys and girls of your age feel about different things. There
are no right or wrong answers. It is important that you answer the way you really feel and not
how somebody else thinks you should feel.” “Please indicate your responses by circling the
appropriate number. There is no time limit, but please try to answer the questions as early as
possible. Do not omit any question.”

Reliability and Validity

The questionnaire has been factor analyzed by using orthogonal varimax rotation principle
and the factorial validity has been established.

Scoring
The scoring key is given below:
Competency: 1, 8*, 15,22,29*, 36,43,49,55,61,66*, 71,75,78,80 and 82.
Maximum possible score: 64
Global self-esteem scale: 2,9,16*, 23*, 30,37,44*, 50,56,62,67*, 72,76*, 79*, 81*, and
83. Maximum possible score: 64
Moral and self -control scale: 3,10*, 17,24,31*, 38,45,51,57*, 63*, 68*, 73* and 77.
Maximum possible score: 52
Social esteem scale: 4,11,18*, 25,32*, 39*, 46,52*, 58,64*, 69* and 74.
Maximum possible score: 48
Family scale: 5,12*, 19,26,33*, 40*, 47*, 53,59*, 65 and 70.
Maximum possible score: 44
Body and physical appearance scale: 6,13,20*, 27*, 34,41*, 48,54 and 60*.
Maximum possible score: 36
Lie scale: 7,14,21,28*, 35 and42.
Maximum possible score: 24
Higher the score in each dimension the level of self-esteem is high.
* Asterisk indicates reverse scoring procedure i.e.
1 = Always
2 = Most of the time
3 = Sometimes
4 = Never
Remaining items are scored as it is (i.e)
4 = Always
3 = Most of the time
2 = Sometimes
1 = Never
 PERSONAL DETAILS

Your Valuable Expressions

Instructions: These questions are to help you learn more about how boys and girls of
your age feel about different things. There are no right or wrong answers. It is important
that you answer the way you really feel and not how somebody else thinks you should
feel. Please indicate your responses by circling the appropriate response Always, Most Of
The Time, Sometimes or Never. There is no time limit, but please try to answer the
questions as early as possible. Do not omit any question.
1) I am happy that I am talented.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

2) I am pleased with my self.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

3) I feel that I have a good conscience

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

4) Other people have high regard for me.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

5) I am happy about my parent’s relationship.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

6) I feel so good because I am physically fit.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

7) I do everything perfectly

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

8) I feel inferior as I am a dull student.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

9) I respect myself.
Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

10) I feel unhappy, as I am unable to concentrate.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

11) I feel others give importance to me.

 Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

12) I feel I’m not needed in the family.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

13) I like my physical features.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

14) I feel I cheat others.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

15) I like myself as I am intelligent.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

16) I feel I am worthless.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

17) I respect others as I respect.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

18) I feel inadequate to participate in group activities.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

19) I am proud of my family.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

20) I feel inferior due to my physical appearance.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

21) I have complete control of my life.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

22) I am capable of passing the examination easily.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never
23) I do like myself.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

24) I am confident as I have the ability to manage difficult situations.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

25) I am happy that many of my friends like my company.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

26) I feel proud of my school.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

27) I worry as I am not an energetic person.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

28) I tell lies.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

29) I feel depressed when I fail in familiar tasks.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

30) I feel confident about myself.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

31) I feel bad because I am not disciplined.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

32) I feel nobody cares for me.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

33) I worry about my family’s economic conditions.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never
34) I think I am capable enough to participate in sports.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

35) I do not have any bad habits.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

36) I am pleased with myself as I think and act independently.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

37) I am happy about my conduct.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

38) I think I am able to concentrate in spite of distractions.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

39) I am worried about what others think of me.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

40) I feel ashamed because of my parent’s occupation.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

41) I worry when I tire easily.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

42) I do not break any rules.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

43) I feel that I am incapable of studying.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

44) I am not happy about myself.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never
45) I feel that I am able to control my anger.
Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

46) I feel happy that my friends help me.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never
47) I am ashamed about my parent’s education.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

48) I feel I am a good looking person.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

49) I think I have the ability to achieve with little effort.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

50) I am happy about my education.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

51) I feel that I am honest.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

52) I am afraid to meet the new people.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

53) I feel happy as I born in my family.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

54) I am worried about my skin complexion.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

55) I have adequate ability to achieve something.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never
56) I am happy about the way I am.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

57) I dislike myself when I leave any task incomplete.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

58) I am not embarrassed to express my opinion in a group.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

59) I wish I were born in some other caste.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

60) I worry about my inability to perform any physical activity.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

61) I think I can complete tasks accurately and rapidly.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

62) I am happy about myself.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

63) I feel guilty when I tell a lie.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

64) I feel hurt when others criticize me.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

65) I feel happy about my childhood.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

66) I am not satisfied with my study habits.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

67) I am not confident enough to face the future.
Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

68) I feel bad as I find it difficult to control my emotions.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

69) I feel that my friends are rejecting me.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never
70) I am happy because my parents care for me.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

71) I am confident of coping with disappointment.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

72) I think that I have better memory.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

73) I feel that I am doing activities, which are immoral.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

74) I feel I have trust worthy friends.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

75) I appreciate myself when I am able to learn new skills quickly.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

76) I think I am not able to do anything well.

Never

77) I am a good person.

Never

78) I am competent enough to master a skill.

 Always Most of the time Sometimes

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

79) I feel useless as I cannot perform well in difficult tasks.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

80) I think I am able to understand ideas discussed in a group.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

81) I feel I have more failure than success.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

82) I feel I am a successful individual.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

83) I feel that I can think positively.

Always Most of the time Sometimes Never

 Sentence completion test

Description of the tool

The sacks sentence completion test from has 60 items which are4 incomplete sentence. It has
sentences which when completed will determin an individual’s attitude towards mother,
father, family unit, women, hetro sexual relationhip, friend and acquaintances superiors at
work, colleagues, subordinate fears guilt, abilities, past, future and goals. This also denotes
the personality structure of the individual, emotional adjustment, maturity, reality level and
conflict management. The time period is twenty minutes
Scoring
The sentence completion is scored from the scoring principles given in the manual.
Responses are scored positive and negative.
Interpretation
2 Severely disturbed, require therapeutic intervention
1 Mildly disturbed, able to handle them
0 No significant disturbance
X In significant evidence
 Sentence completion test
Complete these sentences to express your real feeling, try to do every one of the item. Be sure
to make complete sentence.
1. I feel that my father is seldom ………………………………………………………
2. When the odds are against me ……………………………………………………….
3. I always wanted to……………………………………………………………………
4. If I were in charge …………………………………………………………………….
5. To me the future looks ………………………………………………………………..
6. The men over me ………………………………………………………………………
7. I know it is silly, but I am afraid of………………………………………………………
8. I feel that a real friend is ………………………………………………………………...
9. When I was a child ………………………………………………………………………
10. My idea of a perfect woman ………………………………………………………........
11. When I see a man and a woman together ……………………………………………....
12. Compared with most families, mine ………………………………………………........
13. At work I get along best with…………………………………………………………...
14. My mother ……………………………………………………………………………..
15. I would do anything to forget the time…………………………………………………..
16. If my father would only ………………………………………………………………...
17. I believe that I have the ability to……………………………………………………....
18. I would be perfectly happy if…………………………………………………………...
19. If people work for me …………………………………………………………………..
20. I look forward to………………………………………………………………………...
21. In school, my teachers…………………………………………………………………...
22. Most of my friends do not know that I am afraid of…………………………………….
23. I do not like people who ………………………………………………………………..
24. Before the war…………………………………………………………………………..
25. I think most girls are…………………………………………………………………….
26. My feeling about married life is ………………………………………………………...
27. My family treats me like a ……………………………………………………………..
28. Those I work with are…………………………………………………………………..
29. My mother and I are ……………………………………………………………………
30. My greatest mistake was ………………………………………………………………
31. I wish my father ………………………………………………………………………
32. My greatest weakness is ………………………………………………………………..
33. My secret ambition in life is…………………………………………………………….
34. The people who work for me …………………………………………………………..
[Link] day I……………………………………………………………………………….
36. When I see the boss coming……………………………………………………………..
37. I wish I could lose the fear of…………………………………………………………...
38. The people I like best are……………………………………………………………….
39. If I were a child again ………………………………………………………………….
40. I believe most women …………………………………………………………………..
41. If I have sex relation…………………………………………………………………….
42. Most families I know..………………………………………………………………….
43. I like working with people who………………………………………………………..
44. I think that most mothers……………………………………………………………….
45. When I was younger I felt guilty about………………………………………………...
46. I feel that my father is…………………………………………………………………..
47. When luck turns against me…………………………………………………………….
48. What I want most out of life is…………………………………………………………
49. In giving orders to others I ……………………………………………………………..
50. When I am older………………………………………………………………………
51. People whom I consider my superiors …………………………………………………
52. My fears sometimes force me to………………………………………………………...
53. When I am not around, my friends ……………………………………………………..
54. My most vivid childhood memory……………………………………………………...
55. What I like least about women …………………………………………………………
56. My sex life is…………………………………………………………………………….
57. When I was a child, my family………………………………………………………….
58. People who work with me usually……………………....................................................
59. I like my mother, but……………………………………………………………………
60. The worst thing I ever did ………………………………………………………….......
 SOCIAL RETICENCE SCALE
Jones and Briggs

Description of the tools:

This tools objective was to measure the level of shyness among students. Social Reticence
Scale, which is a 20 item measure of social shyness, was originally developed to assess
shyness for the purpose of basic research on personality factors in interpersonal behaviour
and relationships. The original scale consisted of 21 items based on the findings reported by
Zimbardo,Pilkonis and Norwood(1975). On detailed analysis a need for revision of the items
was found and thus the present version was developed. The Social Reticence Scale is brief,
easily administered and yields a single global index of shyness.

Reliability and Validity:

Reliability: for the psychometric characteristics of the full scale for the sample of the 252
college students, estimates of internal reliability appear satisfactory with a coefficient alpha
of 0.91and a mean inter-item correlation of 0.33. Also the full scale testretest correlation for a
sample of 101 college students who completed the scale twice was 0.87 for men and women
combined, 0.91 for men and 0.89 for women.
Validity: when convergent validity was assessed the correlation between Social Reticence
Scale and shyness labeling criteria item “Basically I am a shy person” was found to be 0.67
and p<0.01 for the combined sample of 252 college students.

Procedure for Administration:

This scale is self-administered and takes about 10 to 15 minutes to complete. The instructions
are provided for the respondents on each test form. A 5-point Likert response format is used.
Verbal anchors are provided for each response category. The following instructions are given
before starting the test. “For each of the items below, please mark how characteristic or
typical the statement is for you using the following scale: 5- extremely typical, 4-very typical,
3- moderately typical 2-slightly typical and 1-not at all typical.” Respondents should be made
comfortable before starting the test and extra time should be given if necessary. Respondents
should not be sensitized to the word shyness as it is not considered to be a socially desirable
characteristic. The scale can be administered in individual or group setting.
Scoring and Interpretation:
The scoring is done by using a scoring key that reverses the score for one half of the items so
that the higher scores reflect greater shyness. Items 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 16, and 19 are
scored with the weightage indicated on the answer sheet. Therefore the scores are as follows
for the above items 5-extremely typical, 4-very typical, 3- moderately typical 2-slightly
typical and 1-not at all typical. While items 2, 4, 6, 10, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18 and 20 are scored
with the weightage are reversed. Hence the scores are as follows, 5- not at all typical, 4-
slightly typical, 3- moderately typical 2- very typical and 1- extremely typical. The total score
is the sum of the responses across twenty questions.

Interpretation for the scores is as follows:

20-46.6: Low Shyness
46.6-73.2: Moderately Shy
Above 73.2: Highly Shy
 QUESTIONNAIRE

Below is a list of statements dealing with your general feelings about yourself and your perception
about others attitude towards you. If you think the statement is extremely true then circle 5, if you
think it is very true then circle 4, moderately true then circle 3, slightly true then circle 2 and if it is
not at all true then circle [Link] not skip any statement.

Not
[Link] Statement Extremely Very Moderately Slightly at all
true true true true true
I frequently have difficulties in
1. meeting people 5 4 3 2 1
I seldom feel isolated from other
2. people 5 4 3 2 1
I have a hard time expressing my
3. opinions with others 5 4 3 2 1
I usually know what to say in a group
4. 5 4 3 2 1
Many people apparently think I am
5. unfriendly 5 4 3 2 1
I seldom keep quiet in groups,
6. especially when I have something to 5 4 3 2 1
say
It is difficult for me to make friends
7. 5 4 3 2 1
I frequently feel isolated from other
8. people 5 4 3 2 1
I have difficulty in being assertive,
9. even when it is appropriate or I need to 5 4 3 2 1
be
I have few problems in meeting new
10. people 5 4 3 2 1
Many people think I am snobbish or
11. bored because I am not very outgoing 5 4 3 2 1
It is difficult for me to know what to
12. say in a group 5 4 3 2 1
I make new friends easily
13. 5 4 3 2 1
Ordinarily, I communicate effectively
14. 5 4 3 2 1
I can express my opinions to others
15. effectively 5 4 3 2 1

16. I usually keep quiet in groups, even 5 4 3 2 1

when I have something to say
 Apparently, people think that I am
17. friendly 5 4 3 2 1
I have little difficulty in being
18. assertive, especially when it is 5 4 3 2 1
appropriate or I need to be
I have difficulty in communicating
19. effectively 5 4 3 2 1
Most people think I am outgoing
20. 5 4 3 2 1
 State and Trait Anxiety Questionnaire

Description of the questionnaire

Self analysis Questionnaire Form XI

This scale measures Anxiety – state. It consists of 2o items. It evaluates feelings of tension,
nervousness, worry and apprehension. Each item was expected to reflect the subject’s level
of anxiety at that particular moment of time.
Administrative Procedure

The following instructions were given, “This inventory consists of a number of statements
which people use to describe themselves. Read each statement and indicte your answer to the
right of the statement under the appropriate letter or classification with regard to how you feel
at present or at the moment. There is no right or wrong answer. Do not spend too much time
on each answer.

Reliability and validity

Spielberger, Gorsuch and Lushene (1970) have found the internal consistency co-efficient to
be high on state anxiety scale median .3 retest reliability was established for this scale.

Scoring

The scores were reversed on the following items. 1,2,5,8,10,11,15,16,19, and 20. the other
items were scored directly. Thus a total score of anxiety-state was obtained.

Self-Analysis Questionnaire – Form Y2

This measures Anxiety – Trait. It measure reliability stable individual difference in anxiety
process. It consists of 20 items.
Administrative Procedure

With regard to Anxiety – Trait Scale the subjects were given similar instructions as for
anxiety – state scale with one important difference. They were told to answer the questions
with regard to how they feel generally.

Reliability and Validity

Spielberger, Gorsuch and Lushene (1970) have found the internal consistency co-efficient for
trait anxiety scale. They found high retest reliabilities of 0.7 to 0.9.

Scoring

The Anxiety – Trait was scored by reversing the scores on the following items.
1,6,7,10,13,16 and 19. The other items were scored directly. A total score on trait anxiety
was obtained.
 Self-Analysis Questionnaire
Form Y-1(STATE)

Directions: A number of statements which people have used to describe themselves are given
below. Read each statement and then circle the appropriate number to the right side of the
statement to indicate how you feel right now, that is, at this moment.

There is no right or wrong answers. Do not spend too much time on any one statement but
give the answer which seems to describe your present feelings best:

Not Some Moderately Very

SL. No ……….…Items……………... at all what so much
1 I feel calm 1 2 3 4
2 I feel secure 1 2 3 4
3 I feel tense 1 2 3 4
4 I am regretful 1 2 3 4
5 I feel at ease 1 2 3 4
6 I feel upset 1 2 3 4
I am presently worried over
7 possible misfortunes 1 2 3 4
8 I feel rested 1 2 3 4
9 I feel anxious 1 2 3 4
10 I feel comfortable 1 2 3 4
11 I feel self-confident 1 2 3 4
12 I feel nervous 1 2 3 4
13 I am jittery 1 2 3 4
14 I feel high string 1 2 3 4
15 I am relaxed 1 2 3 4
16 I am content 1 2 3 4
17 I am worried 1 2 3 4
18 I feel over-excited and rattled 1 2 3 4
19 I feel joyful 1 2 3 4
20 I feel pleasant 1 2 3 4
 Self-Analysis Questionnaire
Form X-2(TRAIT)

Directions: A number of statements which people have used to describe themselves are given
below. Read each statement and then circle the appropriate number to the right side of the
statement to indicate how you generally feel.

There is no right or wrong answers. Do not spend too much time on any one statement but
give the answer which seems to describe your present feelings best:

SL. ……….…Items………… Almost Some Almost

No Never times Often always
1 I feel pleasant 1 2 3 4
2 I tire quickly 1 2 3 4
3 I feel like crying 1 2 3 4
I wish I could be as happy as others
4 seem to be 1 2 3 4
I am losing out on things because I can’t
5 make up my mind soon enough 1 2 3 4
6 I feel rested 1 2 3 4
7 I am calm, cool and collected 1 2 3 4
I feel that difficulties are piling up so
8 that I can’t overcome them. 1 2 3 4
I worry too much over something that
9 really doesn’t matter 1 2 3 4
10 I am happy 1 2 3 4
11 I am inclined to take things hard 1 2 3 4
12 I lack self-confidence 1 2 3 4
13 I feel secure 1 2 3 4
14 I try to avoid facing a crisis or difficulty 1 2 3 4
15 I feel blue 1 2 3 4
16 I am content 1 2 3 4
Though unimportant, run through my
17 mind and bothers me 1 2 3 4
I take disappointments so keenly that I
18 can’t put them out of my mind. 1 2 3 4
19 I am a steady person 1 2 3 4
I get in a state of tension or turmoil as I
think over my resent concerns and
20 interests 1 2 3 4
 State Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI). Spielberger’s
SELF-RATING QUESTIONNAIRE

Description of the tool:

The STAXI was developed with two goals in mind. The first was to develop a
measure of the components of anger in the context of both normal and abnormal personality.
The second goal seems rather more specific to a particular research orientation - in this case
examining the contribution of anger to the development or exacerbation of medical
conditions such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, and cancer.

As the name implies there are two fundamental aspects of anger which are addressed -
the experience of anger, and the expression of anger. The experience of anger can be
understood in the context of state - subjective feelings that vary from irritability to intense
rage, and trait anger which refers to a disposition to perceive situations as annoying and to
respond to these situations by more frequent expressions of state anger. Thus state and trait
anger are unlikely to actually be independent characteristics or components of anger.

When expressing anger, it may be focused outward on other people or objects (Anger-
Out), or directed inward (Anger-In). A third component is the degree to which people attempt
to control their expression of anger (Anger Control).

The STAXI is designed to be administered to people aged 13 through adulthood with

a minimum fifth grade reading level. The task of administering the test is straightforward,
essentially self-administered, but interpretation of test scores requires formal training in
assessment. There are no time limits imposed on completing the STAXI, but it is a brief test
and most people complete it within 15 minutes.

STAXI Scales:
The STAXI consists of 44 items which are distributed across the five main scales.
Consistent with the conceptualisation of anger above there are three main aspects to the
STAXI scales: State, Trait, and Anger Expression. Trait contains two subscales that examine
different dispositions in trait anger - temperament and reaction. Anger Expression is actually
an experimental composite of the three expression constructs -In, Out, and Control.

STATE TRAIT ANGER EXPRESSION

(S-Anger) (T-Anger) (AX/EX)
Angry Temperament Anger-In (AX/In)
(T-Anger/T) Anger-Out (AX/Out)
Angry Reaction Anger Control (AX/Con)
(T-Anger/R)

S-Anger - This is a 10-item stand-alone scale which measures the respondent's current
feelings of anger.

T-Anger - This scale also contains 10 items which asks the respondent to answer questions
about his or her disposition towards anger.
T-Anger/T - is a subscale of T-Anger consisting of 4 items that generally address the
disposition to express anger without provocation.
T-Anger/R - is a subscale of T-Anger also consisting of 4 items that ask about the
respondent's disposition to express anger when provoked.

AX/In - this 8 item scale measures the frequency with which the respondent holds in or
suppresses his or her anger.
AX/Out - this 8 item scale measures the frequency with which the respondent expresses her
anger to other people or objects.

AX/Con - another 8 item scale that attempts to measure the degree to which the respondent
attempts to control his or her expression of anger.

AX/EX - this is an experimental composite score that is designed to represent the

combination of AX/In, AX/Out, and AX/Con and essentially examines the overall frequency
of anger expression. AX/EX is computed with the following formula:
 AX/EX = AX/Out + AX/In - AX/Con +16.
The addition of 16 at the end may seem unusual but it is designed to ensure that a negative
score cannot be achieved. Since the four possible responses to each item are assigned a
number between 1 and 4 and each of the AX scales has 8 questions, the minimum total for
each scale is 8, and the maximum score is 32. The lowest possible score would be minimum
In and Out and maximum Con which would be 8+8-32 = -16. Adding 16 to this total would
give 0. Similarly if Out and In were at maximum and Con was at minimum the total would be
32+32-8+16 = 72. For this reason the raw score range for AX/EX is 0 to 72.

All items are rated on a four-point scale and are assigned a score of between 1 and 4.
Raw score totals are converted to percentile ranks and T-scores using normative tables. There
are separate normative tables for males and female adolescents, adults, and college students.
There are also special population normative tables for

Standardisation:
The normative sample for the STAXI is an impressive 9,000 subjects broken down in the
following way:

3,769 Adults. Mean age of the combined sample was 40 years. This group was comprised of
heterogenous samples that included managerial, technical, clerical, sales, and factory workers
(360 males, 328 females); people participating in a stress management program (202 males,
93 females); health care managers (16 males, 131 females); military personnel (1890 males,
104 females) and a small sample of postal workers (33 males, 23 females). Don't bother
adding it up - they're 589 short!

2,762 Undergraduate college students the vast majority of whom (2,122 - 777 males, 1,345
females) were enrolled in Introductory Psychology units. The remaining 640 (600 males, 40
females) were cadets at West Point (U.S. Military Academy). Notice that while the combined
gender totals are very similar (1377 males, 1385 females) they are the product of two
extremely gender biased samples. Median age was 19 years.

2,469 adolescents in junior and senior high schools. Median age was 14 years.
Influence of Demographic Variables:
Age:
Age appears to have a profound effect on STAXI scores. Adolescents score highest
and adults score lowest on all measures - this is used to justify the use of these three separate
normative groups. However, within the adult group there is also a significant effect of age -
responses by 18-30 year olds were higher than those of the 31-40, and 41+ age groups.
Interestingly, no separate norms are made available for 18-30 year-olds and 31+ adults.

Sex:
Minimal differences were found across the three samples in terms of the gender of
respondents. Again this is interesting as the norms provided are separate for males and
females. The variable that does not impact on scores (sex) is accounted for and the variable
that does impact on scores (age) is not - at least in the adult sample.

Interpreting Scores:
Raw scores are converted into percentile ranks for interpretative purposes. Scores that
are commonly found in the middle fifty percent of the distribution - the 25th to 75th
percentiles are considered to fall within the normal range. Individuals with high anger scores
(above the 75th percentile) are endorsing levels of state, trait, expression, or control that are
likely to impair their optimal functioning. Very high scores would fall at or above the 90th
percentile. The distributions for S-Anger and T-Anger/T are so skewed that low scores are
unlikely to be interpretable. Individuals who score below the 25th percentile on the remaining
six scales, however, generally experience, express, or control relatively little anger.

Reliability:

College Students
Scale Males Females
S-Anger .93 .90
T-Anger .82 .83
T-Anger/T .88 .89
T-Anger/R .71 .70
 AX/In .73 .74
AX/Out .75 .77
AX/Con .85 .84

Validity:

Validity for the STAXI scales is based primarily upon convergent and divergent
validity. Essentially this is established through showing high correlations among tests that are
purported to measure the same or similar constructs and low correlations among tests that
measure distinct or different constructs.

When examining these correlation tables remember to square the correlation

coefficient in order to get an estimate of the shared variance among the two measures. So, in
general T-Anger correlates highly with other measures of hostility (although note the low
correlation with MMPI Overt Hostility – only 9% of the variance (.3 x .3) versus 49% of the
variance (.69 x .69) for the BDHI). Also compare what constitutes a large relationship in
Table 2 presumably supporting the validity of the measure with those reported in Table 3 for
other non-anger measures.
 PART I – DIRECTION

A number of statements that people use to describe themselves are given below. Read
each statement and then fill in the circle with the number, which indicates how you feel right
now. Remember that there are no right or wrong answers. Do not spend too much time on
any statement, but give the answer which seems to best describe your present feelings.

How I feel right now Not at al Somewhat Moderately Very much

(1) (2) (3) (4)
1. I am furious. 1 2 3 4

2. I feel irritated. 1 2 3 4

3. I feel angry. 1 2 3 4

4. I feel like yelling at 1 2 3 4

somebody.

5. I feel like breaking things. 1 2 3 4

6. I am mad. 1 2 3 4

7. I feel like banging on the 1 2 3 4

table.

8. I feel like hitting 1 2 3 4

someone.

9. I am burned up. 1 2 3 4

10. I feel like swearing. 1 2 3 4

 PART II – DIRECTION

A number of statements that people use to describe themselves are given below. Read
each statement and then fill in the circle with the number, which indicates how you generally
feel. Remember that there are no right or wrong answers. Do not spend too much time on any
statement, but give the answer which seems to best describe you generally feel.
How I generally feel Almost Sometimes Often Almost
never always
(1) (2) (3) (4)

11. I am quick tempered. 1 2 3 4

12. I have a fiery temper. 1 2 3 4

13. I am a hot headed person. 1 2 3 4

14. I get angry when I am slowed down by 1 2 3 4

others` mistakes..

15. I feel annoyed when I am not given 1 2 3 4

recognition for doing good work.

16. I fly of the handle. 1 2 3 4

17. When I get mad, I say nasty things. 1 2 3 4

18. When I am angry, it makes me furious of 1 2 3 4

others.

19. When I get frustrated, I feel like hitting 1 2 3 4

someone.
20. I feel infuriated when I do a good job and 1 2 3 4
get a poor evaluation.
 PART III – DIRECTION

Everyone feels angry or furious from time to time, but people differ in the ways that
they react when they are angry. A number of statements are listed below which people use to
describe their reactions when they feel angry or furious. Read each statement and then fill in
the circle with the number which indicates how often you generally react or behave in the
manner described when you are feeling angry or furious. Remember that there are no right or
wrong answers. Do not spend much time on any one statement.

Almost Sometimes Often Almost

When angry or furious never always
(1) (2) (3) (4)

21. I control my temper. 1 2 3 4

22. I express my anger. 1 2 3 4

23. I keep things in. 1 2 3 4

24. I am patient with others. 1 2 3 4

25. I pout or sulk. 1 2 3 4

26. I withdraw from people. 1 2 3 4

27. I make sarcastic remarks to others 1 2 3 4

28. I keep my cool. 1 2 3 4

29. I do things like slam doors. 1 2 3 4

30. I boil inside, but I don’t show I t. 1 2 3 4

31. I control my behavior. 1 2 3 4

32. I argue with others. 1 2 3 4

33. I tend to harbour grudges that I 1 2 3 4
don’t tell anyone about.

34. I strike out at whatever 1 2 3 4

infuriates me.

35. I can stop myself from losing 1 2 3 4

my temper.

36. I am secretly quite critical of 1 2 3 4

others.

37. I am angrier than I am willing to 1 2 3 4

admit.

38. I come down faster then most 1 2 3 4

other people.

39. I say nasty things. 1 2 3 4

40. I try to be tolerant and 1 2 3 4

understanding.

41. I’m irritated a great deal more 1 2 3 4

than people are aware of.

42. I lose my temper. 1 2 3 4

43. If someone annoys me. I’m apt 1 2 3 4

to tell him or her how I feel.

44. I control my angry feelings. 1 2 3 4

 Stress and Coping Questionnaire

Description

The stress questionnaire developed by Latha Satish, consists of 52 items arranged from
questions from mild, moderate and severe stress (which affects the adjustment of the
individual). This lists the life experience based on the amount of change or adjustment one
has to make to life rather that the undesirability of events themselves. It also has a control
index where the subject has to record whether he/she has complete, partial or no control over
the experienced stressful situation.

Administration

The subject was given the following instruction: “this questionnaire studies the day to day
problems encountered or experienced by people and the way they react to it. Here are the
lists of events/situations you will have to mark ‘YES’ if you have experience them and mark
‘NO’ if they are not applicable to you. You also have to indicate the amount of control such
as you have whether partial, complete, or no control over the situation in which you have
given ‘YES’ response by putting a tick mark in the appropriate column.”

Reliability and Validity

The scale was tried out on a sample of 80 subjects. The items reliability value was 0.86. a test
reliability on a sample of 30 subjects was found to be 0.96 9 (P < 0.01). The content validity
based on judges rating was 0.86.

Scoring

The level of stress can be obtained by adding the number of “YES” responses from the 52
items and the scores are checked with the interpretation from the stress index.
Interpretation of stress level

Stress index score:

0-17 = Mild stress
18-35 = Moderate stress
36-52 = Severe stress

Interpretation of control index

Control index score: 0-52 = Complete Control over Stress

53-105 = Partial Control over Stress
106-156 = No Control over Stress

Stress questionnaire
Latha Satish

Instructions:

The subject was given the following instructions-“this questionnaire studies the day to day
problems encountered or experienced by people and the way they react to it. Here are the
lists of events/situations you will have to mark ‘YES’ if you have experienced them and mark
‘NO’ if they are not applicable to you. You also have to indicated the amount of control
such as you had whether partial, complete, or no control over the situation in which you have
given ‘YES’ response by putting a mark in the appropriate column.”
List of situations/events/ problem YES/NO Amount of control over it
Complete Partial No
control control control
1, Lack of holiday rest
2,Too much to do at shot period
3, Uncertainty of coming days
4, Prices sky rocketing
5, Addition of new family members
6, Lack of domestic help
7, Change in sleeping habits
8, Lack of emotional support at home
9, Career pressure
10, Academic pressure
11, Very high family pressure to earn more
12, Increased work load at home
13, Pollution and slum conditions in the
locality
14, Lack of job satisfaction
15, Getting married
16, Appearing for examination
17, Lack of understanding between staff
in work place
18, Failure in exams or other
achievements
19, Discrimination in work place because
of your sex/physical characteristics/
religion/social status
20, Lack of monetary security
21, Daughter’s marriage
22, Family conflict
23, Huge loan to be repaid
24, Lack of child (male)
25, unemployment
26, Sexual difficulties
27, Unwanted pregnancy
28, Conflict over dowry
29, Feel a sense of worthlessness or
hopelessness
30, Lack of promotion or incentives
31, Heavy responsibility in work situation
32, Financial loss of problem
33, Decline in social life
34, Too much time pressure
35,Anxiety about unfulfilled
commitments
36, Illness of family members
37, Major personal illness
38, Lack of confidence in oneself
39, Broken love affaires
40, Lack of support or excessive
expectation from yourself and those
around you
41, Intense arguments with spouse
42, Sense of loneliness
43, Marital conflict
44, Alcoholism/drug addition by family
member
45, Trouble with parent-in-law
46, Suspension or dismissal from job
47, Extreme boredom
48, Lack of sense of self-worth
49, Having a handicapped child
50, Marital separation/divorce
51, Extra marital relation of spouse
52, Death of close family member/any
other.
 Stress coping- behavior measure
Instructions: when some unhappy events happen, people behave in different ways to adjust
to it. Listed below are some such ways of managing distressing events, by an ordinary
person . Read each statement carefully and indicate (tick mark) if it applies to you generally.
Also indicate the extent to which you behave in that way, on a five point scale ,(1,2,3,4,5) If
you don’t use that method mark “never” No. (1) By circling the No.1. and if that is typical of
you then mark “always” (No. 5) . For e.g.: item No. 12 If you worry very often then circle
No.4
SCALE:

Score Nature

1 Never
2 Very rarely
3 Sometimes
4 Very often
5 Always

No Items Scale
1 Hope that things will get better. 1 2 3 4 5
2 Try to maintain some control over the situation. 1 2 3 4 5
3 Find out more about the situation so that you can handle it better. 1 2 3 4 5
4 Think through different ways to handle the problem. 1 2 3 4 5
5 Look at the problem objectively. 1 2 3 4 5
6 Eat, smoke: chew gum. 1 2 3 4 5
7 Try out different ways of solving the problem to see which works the best. 1 2 3 4 5
8 Draw on past experience to help you handle the situation . 1 2 3 4 5
9 Try to find meaning in the situation. 1 2 3 4 5
10 Pray: Trust in God 1 2 3 4 5
11 Got nervous 1 2 3 4 5
12 Worry 1 2 3 4 5
13 Break the problem down into smaller pieces 1 2 3 4 5
14 Seek comfort or help from family or friends 1 2 3 4 5
15 Set specific goals to help solve the problem 1 2 3 4 5
16 Accept the situation as it is 1 2 3 4 5
17 Want to be alone 1 2 3 4 5
18 Laugh it off, figuring that things could be worse 1 2 3 4 5
19 Try to put the problem out of your mind 1 2 3 4 5
20 Day dream, fantasize 1 2 3 4 5
21 Get prepared to expect the worst 1 2 3 4 5
22
Talk the problem over with someone who has been in the same type of
1 2 3 4 5
Situation.

23 Actively try to change the situation 1 2 3 4 5

24 Get mad, curse: swear 1 2 3 4 5
25 Cry : Get depressed 1 2 3 4 5
26 Go to sleep figuring things will look better in the morning 1 2 3 4 5
27 Don’t worry about it , everything will probably work out fine 1 2 3 4 5
28 Withdraw from the situation 1 2 3 4 5
29 Work off tension with physical activity 1 2 3 4 5
30 Settle for the next big thing 1 2 3 4 5
31 Take out your tensions on some one or something else 1 2 3 4 5
32 Drink alcoholic beverages 1 2 3 4 5
33 Resign yourself to the situation because things look hopeless 1 2 3 4 5
34 Do nothing in the hope that the problem will take care of itself 1 2 3 4 5
35 Resign yourself to the situation because it is your fate 1 2 3 4 5
36 Do anything just do something 1 2 3 4 5
37 Blame someone else for the problem 1 2 3 4 5
38 Meditation ,yoga , bio-feedback 1 2 3 4 5
39 Let some one else solve the problem 1 2 3 4 5
40 Take drugs 1 2 3 4 5
 Study skills questionnaire

Description of the tool

The questionnaire was formulated by M. Kanchana (1986). By combining some of the

questions found in other questions of study habit. It containers 52 questions. It is a 2 point
scale with yes or no column.

The aspects of the study skill measured in the questionnaire are organization of time, goal
setting, ability to concentrate learning methods and obstacles to effective study.

Scoring

Item Yes/No score

A, b, c, d yes 1

2,3,4,5,6,7,9,11,12,13,14,15,17,19,20,21,23,24,26,27,28,31, Yes 1 for each

32,33,34,36,37,38,39,40,42,45,46,47 No 0 for each

8,10,11,18,22,24,29,30,35,41,43,44,48,49,50,51,52 Yes 0 for each

No 1 for each

Interpretation

Scoring level

1-22 Poor study skill

23-39 Moderate study skill

40 and above High level of study skills.

 STUDY SKILLS QUESTIONNAIRE
There are certain statements given below. You have to respond to “yes” or “no” depending
upon whether it applies to you or not. There are no right or wrong answer.

STUDY METHOD
NO Statements Yes No
1 I study daily in the (any one option to be ticked)
a) Morning
b) Evening
c) Morning and evening
d) No every day

2 I learn more than one subject per day.

3 I set a goal before studying and try to attain it
4 I gather all the required materials (pen, books etc:) when I start studying
5 I am enveloped by a feeling of gloom when I start to study
6 I learn without any external distractions (such as talking to others, Viewing
TV)
7 I always study in the same place everyday
8 I study word by word
9 I start studying as soon as I open the book
10 I day dream during most of my study time
11 I set a time limit for studying each subject for one week
12 I learn one paragraph after another
13 I recall the important points after reading each paragraph
14 I write down the important points after learning a chapter
15 I proceed with my studies only after having clarified my doubts
16 I devote longer time to the subject I prefer
17 I learn the subjects I find difficult when I am feeling fresh
18 I devote little time on subjects that I dislike or find difficult
19 I make a calculated guess of the probable questions in the examination
20 I recall the points in the previous chapter before proceeding on the
subsequent chapter
21 I take adequate periods of rest during my study time
22 I have problems in recalling learnt material
23 I use new words that I learn in my speech
24 I try to study a lot within a short period of time
25` I underline ten important points as I study
26 I organize all the points under each section in a chapter
27 I keep up to date with the day’s lessons
28 I learn important definitions and formulae by heat
29 I find it difficult in learning them by heart
30 I start to study as soon as I reach my home
31 I study without my parents or teachers compelling me to do so
32 I get distracted easily if other people speak while I am learning
IN THE CLASSROOM
33 I note down the important points my teacher mentions in class
34 I discuss my lessons with my friends
35 I keep talking during class hours
36 I recall what was taught at the end of every class

HOME WORK
37 I make a note of home work for the next day
38 I do the home work by myself
39 I set aside time to complete my home work
REGARDING EXAMINATION
40 I practice writing important answers before the examination
41 I learn only those answers that I am likely to be questioned about, in the
examination
42 I practice arithmetic sums before the examination
43 I learn a particular chapter only after a test has been announced in it
44 I learn without taking any test on the day before the examination
45 I recollect the points required for an answer before I write it down
46 I time my answers during an examination
47 I revise the answers before submitting my answer papers
OBSTACLES TO EFFECTIVE STUDY
48 I am not able to study well due to excessive household chores
49 I do not find time to study because I spend too much time on leisure
50 I am not able to study because my home is very noisy
51 I am not interested in studies because my parents do not encourage me with
gift articles
52 I am not interested in studies because my teachers do not give me sufficient
encouragement
 SYMPTOM SIGN INVENTORY

Examiners Use Only:

A ANXIETY

B DEPRESSION

C MANIA

D PARANOIA

E OBSESSION

F NON PARANOID SCHIZOPHRENIA

G HYPOCHONDRIASIS

H HYSTERIA

Scoring:

Give 1 point for every yes response

 SYMPTOM SIGN INVENTORY

“A”

1. Does your hand often shake when you try to do something?

2. Do you sweat easily even in cool days?
3. Do you suffer from palpitations and breathlessness?
4. Are there times when you feel conscious without knowing the reason?
5. Are you afraid of being in wide- open space or in an enclosed place?
6. Are you afraid that you might be going insane?
7. Have you a pain, or feeling of tension at the back of the neck?
8. Have you difficulty in getting off to sleep (without sleeping pills)?
9. Are you afraid of going out alone?
10. Have you any particular fears, phobias not mentioned above?
11. Do you have any difficulty in swallowing?
12. Do you feel as if you had tight band around your head?
13. Are you troubled by the twitching of your muscles?
14. Do you suffer from spots before your eyes?
15. Do you suffer from frightening dreams or nightmares?

“B”

1. Do you cry rather easily?

2. Have you lost interest in almost everything?
3. Have you attempted to do away with yourself?
4. Is the simplest task too much of an effort?
5. Are you depressed because of some particular loss or disappointment?
6. Have you found it difficult to concentrate recently?
7. Does the future seem pointless?
8. Are you more absent minded recently than you used to be?
9. Are you slower recently in everything you do?
10. Do you ever seriously think of doing away with yourself because you can no longer
Cope with your difficulties?
11. Do you find you can no longer enjoy things the way you used to enjoy before?
12. You would describe your mood now as
a) Anxious and worried
b) Cheerful and happy
c) Sad and depressed

“C”

1. Do you ever feel so confident and successful that there is nothing you cannot achieve?
2. Do you ever become very excited, happy at times, for no special reason?
3. Are you ever so cheerful that you want to laugh and joke with everyone?
4. Are there times when exciting new ideas and schemes occur to you one after another?
5. Are you full of pep and energy that you carry on things indefinitely?
6. Do you ever become excited that your thoughts race ahead faster than you can
express them?
7. Are you ever so cheerful that you want to wear lot of gay things like button-holes,
flowers, bright ties. Jewellery, etc?
8. When you get bored do you like to stir up some excitement?
9. Do you ever feel so full of energy and ideas that you don’t want to go to bed?
10. Are you a much important person than people seem to think?

“D”

1. Are people talking about you and criticizing you though no fault of yours?
2. Have you an important mission to carry out?
3. Are there people trying to harm you though no fault of your own?
4. Is someone trying to poison you or make you ill in some way/
5. Have you some special powers, abilities, or influences which is not recognized by other
people?
6. Is someone. Other than yourself, deliberately causing most of your troubles?
7. Are people plotting against you though no fault of own?
8. Do you ever take strong action against evil person for the sake of a principle?
9. Do you ever see someone do or say something, which most people do not take much
 notice of, but which you know has a special meaning?
10. Can people read your thoughts and make you do things against your will by a sort of
hypnotism?
11. Are you accused of things, infact you have not done?

“E”

1. Are you distressed by silly, pointless thoughts that keep coming into your mind
Against your will?
2. Are you compelled to think over abstract problems again and again until you cannot
Leave them alone?
3. Are you unnecessarily careful in carrying out even simple everyday tasks like folding
up clothes, reading notices,etc.,
4. Are you unable to prevent yourself from doing pointless things like tapping lamp
Posts, touching things, counting windows, uttering phrases etc.,
5. Are you afraid you might do something wrong seriously against your will?
6. Do distressing thoughts about sex or religion come to your mind against your will?
7. Do you feel you must check things again and again like turning off taps or
lights, shutting windows at night, etc- although you know there is really no need?
8. Have you any reasonable fear that careless act of yours might have serious
consequences?
9. Are you excessively concerned about cleanliness?
10. Do you have any uneasy feeling that if you don’t do something in a certain order that
something might go wrong?
11. Do you find yourself unable to avoid thinking about some topic which you realize is
quite unimportant?

“F”

1. Do you feel that there is some sort of barrier between you and other people so that you
cannot really understand them?
2. Do you ever see visions, or people, animals, or things around you that other people
don’t seem to see?
3. Do you often wonder who you really are?
4. Do you ever have strange and peculiar experiences?
5. Do you think other people regard you as very old?
6. Do you often feel puzzled, as if something has gone wrong either with you or with the
world, without knowing what it is?
7. Do you ever hear voices without knowing where they come from?
8. Do you feel that you cannot communicate with other people because you don’t seem to
Be on the same wave length?
9. Do you have very strange and peculiar thoughts at times?
10. Is there something unusual about your body like one side being different from other
and meaning something different?
11. Do you sometimes have difficulty with your thinking?
12. Do you sometimes think that you do not have the same strong feeling that others
seem to have?

“G”
1. Do you ever lose the use of your arm or leg or face muscle?
2. Do you ever have fits or have difficultly in keeping your balance?
3. Do you ever completely lose your voice (except from bad cold)?
4. Do you ever lose all feelings in any part of skin, so that you would not be able to feel a
pin prick, or you even ever have burning or tingling sensations?
5. Do you ever have ‘blackouts’; dizzy spells, or fainting?
6. Have you ever been in poor physical health during most of the past few years?
7. Do you often suffer from blurring of vision or any other difficulties with your sight,
which no one seems able to put it right?
8. Are you often bothered with pain over your heart, in your chest or in your back?
9. Do you ever do things in a dream like state without remembering afterwards what you
have been doing?
10. Are you ever worried about your health?
11. Do you usually find that other people are unsympathetic about your symptoms of
trouble?
12. Are you troubled by pain or sensations that seem to move about your body?
13. Are you bothered by different aches or pains on different days?
14. Have you had periods of complete loss of memory?
15. Do you sometimes feel that people have driven you to the point of suicide?
16. Do you ever become ill before some important event or occasion so that you cannot
go through with it however much you want to?
17. Do you think that since your illness, there has been a change for the better in the way
people treat you especially those of importance to you?
18. As a result of your illness have you or has everyone else had to put off some plan or
decision about the future?
19. Has anyone you know have the same illness as you have now?
20. Do you think those nearest to you (wife, parents, etc.,), really understand how
distressed you are by your symptoms(trouble)?

“H”

1. Are you worried about having said things that have injured others?
2. Are you an unworthy person in your own eyes?
3. Have you some bodily conditions which you find disgusting?
4. Are you a condemned person because of your sins?
5. Are you troubled by waking in the early hours and being unable to get off to sleep
again( if you don’t have sleeping pills)?
6. Because of things you have done wrong, are people talking about you and criticizing
you?
7. Are you ever so low in spirits that you just sit for hours on end?
8. Do you cause harm to people because of what you are?
9. Are you ever so worked up that you pull about wringing your hands?
10. Do you ever go to bed feeling you could not care if you never wake up again?
11. Are you at your worst in the mornings and get better as the day goes on?
12. Have you lost feeling for people even those you were fond of?
 TEST ANXIETY

The tool is designed to measure test anxiety and recommended for the use of high school and
college students. The test is time bound that is (8-10) minutes. It is developed by Charles D.
Spiel Berg.

The Test Anxiety Inventory (TAI) is a self-report inventory designed to measure test anxiety
(TA) as a situation-specific personality trait. The TAI consists of 20 items or statements, and
the respondents indicate on a four point scale how often they experience the feeling described
in each statement. The TAI provides a measure of total TA (TAI-T) as well as measures of
two TA components--worry (W) and emotionality (E).

Reliability: Test-retest reliabilities for TAI-T are reported for groups of high school, college,
and graduate students over time periods ranging from two weeks to six months. Reliability
was in the range of .80 to .81 for two-week to one-month periods with all groups. After six
months, the reliability was .62 for a group of high school students. The alpha coefficients for
TAI-T ranged from .92 to .96; for the subscales, alphas ranged from .83 to .91 for TAI-W,
and from .85 to .91 for TAI-E.

Validity: The relationship between the TAI and its subscales with other anxiety measures
(e.g., Sarason’s Test Anxiety Scale (TAS), Liebert & Morris’ Worry and Emotionality
Questionnaire (WEQ), the STAI State and Trait Anxiety scales, and the STAI State Anxiety
scale administered under examination stress conditions) all provide evidence of convergent
validity. The correlation between the TAI-T score and the TAS was sufficiently high (.82 to
.83) to suggest that the two scales measure essentially the same construct.

Instructions

“A number of statements which people have used to describe themselves are given below.
Read each statement and then round the appropriate number to the right of the statement to
indicate how you generally feel. There are no right or wrong answers. Do not spend too much
time on any one statement but give the answer which seems to describe how you generally
feel”.
Scoring and interpretation

The TAI (Test Anxiety Inventory) is a brief instrument occupying one side of a page on
which the 20 items are printed. The questionnaire is consisted of five point scales that are
almost never, sometimes, often, almost always. The total TAI score (TAI-T) is based on all
20 items. The scoring is done on the following basis. That is 1 for 1, 2 for 2, 3 for 3 and 4 for
4. But the first item in the inventory has a reverse score that is 1 for 4, 2 for 3, 3 for 2 and 4
for 1.

The tool also has sub scales for which 8 of the items measure the W (worry) component and 8
items measure the E (emotion). Four items that load on both subscales contribute to the TAI-
T score but are not scored on either the W or E subscales. Percentile ranks are calculated
from the raw scores. The interpretation is low score-low anxiety, high score-high anxiety and
the total score range from 20-80.
For the subscale it is calculated with the percentile score.

Subscales Items on the scale

Test anxiety worry(TAI/W) 3,4,5,6,7,14,17,20
Test anxiety emotion(TAI/E) 2,8,9,10,11,15,16,18
 TEST ATTITUDE INVENTORY
Developed by Charles [Link]
In collaboration with
[Link], [Link], [Link] and [Link]

Name:……………………………………. Date:……………………… Sex: M / F

Directions: A number of statements which people have used to describe themselves are
given below. Read each statement and then blacken in the appropriate circle to the right
of the statement to indicate how you generally feel. There are no rights or wrong
answers. Do not spend too much time on any one statement but give the answer which
seems to describe how you generally feel.

Almost Sometimes Often Almost

never always

1. I feel confident and relaxed while

taking tests ……………………… 1 2 3 4

2. While taking examinations I have

An uneasy, upset feeling………… 1 2 3 4

3. Thinking about my grade in a course

Interferes with my work on tests… 1 2 3 4

4. I freeze up on important exams….. 1 2 3 4

5. During exams I find myself thinking

About whether I’ll ever get through
School…………………………….. 1 2 3 4

6. The harder I work at taking a test,

The more confused I get………….. 1 2 3 4

7. Thoughts of doing poorly interfere

With my concentration on tests…… 1 2 3 4

8. I feel very jittery when taking an

Important test………………………. 1 2 3 4

9. Even when I’m well prepared for a

Test, I feel very nervous about it…… 1 2 3 4

10. I start feeling very uneasy just before

Getting a test paper back…………… 1 2 3 4
 2

11. During tests I feel very tense………. 1 2 3 4

12. I wish examinations did not bother

Me so much……………………….. 1 2 3 4

13. During important tests I am so tensed

That my stomach gets upset………. 1 2 3 4

14. I seem to defeat myself while working

On important tests………………….. 1 2 3 4

15. I feel very panicky when I take an

Important examination……………… 1 2 3 4

16. I worry a great deal before taking an

Important examination………………. 1 2 3 4

17. During tests I find myself thinking about

The consequences of failing…………. 1 2 3 4

18. I feel my heart beating very fast during

Important tests………………………… 1 2 3 4

19. After an exam is over I try to stop

Worrying about it, but I just can’t……. 1 2 3 4

20. During examinations I get so nervous

That I forget facts I really know………. 1 2 3 4

CONSULTING PSYCHOLOGISTS PRESS

577, College Avenue, Palo Alta , California 94306

Copyright 1977 by Charles D. Spielberger. Reproduction of this test or any portion

thereof by any process without written permission of the Publisher is prohibited.
 THE ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION SCALE

Description of the Tool:

The Achievement Motivation Scale is a self-reporting scale developed by John Ray in 1990.
It consists of 14 statements in question form demanding information for each in any of the
three options mentioned below:
• Yes
• Undecided
• No

Administration:
In administering the questionnaire, the following instructions are to be given which are as
follows:
“In the following page is given 14 statements of the shorter form of Ray’s Achievement
Motivation Scale. Three possible modes of responses are provided, such as, “yes”,
“undecided” and “no”. Read each statement carefully and mark in any one of the alternative
response modes to indicate your level of agreement with the particular content of the
statements. Do not think too much while answering any statement. Please give your
immediate response to the statement.”

Scoring Method:
Ray’s Achievement Motivation Scale is a self- reporting 3-point scale. Items of the scale are
in question form demanding information for each statement in any of the three options
mentioned below:
• Yes
• Undecided
• No
The items are so stated that if the answer is “yes” a score of 3 is given, for “undecided” a
score of 2 is given and for the negative answer “no” a score of 1 is given. For items marked
“R” the scoring have to be reversed. For example, for “yes” 1, for “undecided” 2 and for “no”
3 respectively. Therefore, higher the score on the scale, the greater is the level of
Achievement Motivation and vice versa.
Interpretation of the scores:
The interpretations for the scores are given below:
14-23 Low
24-32 Medium
33-42 High

Reliability:
The reliability co-efficient for the questionnaire was determined by Cronbach Alpha method
and was found to be 0.80, which denotes that it is highly significant.

Validity:
The validity of the questionnaire was found to be 0.75.
 Ray’s Achievement Motivation Scale

Statements Yes Undecided No

1) Is being comfortable more important to you than getting

ahead?

2) Are you satisfied to be no better than most other people at

your job?

3) Do you like to make improvements to the way the

organization you belong to functions?

4) Do you take trouble to cultivate people who may be useful to

you in your career?

5) Do you get restless and annoyed when you feel you are
wasting time?

6) Have you always worked hard in order to be among the best

in your own line?

7) Would you prefer to work with the congenial but incompetent

partner rather than with a difficult but highly competent one?

8) Do you tend to plan ahead for your job or career?

9) Is ‘Getting on in life’ important to you?

10) Are you an ambitious person?

11) Are you inclined to read off the successes of other rather
than do the work of making yourself a success?

12) Would you describe yourself as being lazy?

13) Will days often go by without your having done a thing?

14) Are you inclined to take life as it comes without much

planning?
THE ALBERT MEHRABIAN TRAIT ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION SCALE (1994)

Description of the Tool :

The 16-item Trait Anxiety and 20-item Depression scales are designed for use with
individuals aged 13 and older who are fluent in English. Together, the two scales require 5-10
minutes for administration. The exact format of the Depression Scale, as it is administered to
participants, is given in Appendices of this study. The two scales can be used separately or
together. However, it is preferable to administer them together, in which case, the Depression
Scale should be administered first. This 36 item 9 point rating scale consists of ACCURATE-
INACCURATE scale in the space provided alongside each word. Accurate in the sense the
rating scale consist of four positive responses i.e. to what extent each word is accurate or
inaccurate such as if accurate means +4 = extremely accurate ,+3 = very accurate ,+2 =
moderately accurate ,+1 = slightly accurate ,0 = neither accurate nor inaccurate Followed by
if the words are inaccurate -1 = slightly inaccurate ,-2 = moderately inaccurate ,-3 = very
inaccurate ,-4 = extremely inaccurate. Half the items in each scale are inverted (worded
negatively) to minimize "response bias" (i.e., the tendency of some people to agree with most
statements put to them or, alternatively, the tendency of others to disagree generally with any
statement). Agreement with the positively-worded or positively-scored items indicates higher
scores on Trait Anxiety (or on Depression). In contrast, disagreement with the negatively-
worded or negatively-scored items indicates higher scores on Trait Anxiety (or on
Depression). For the Trait Anxiety Scale, a total score is computed for each participant by
algebraically summing his/her responses to all eight of the positivelyworded items and by
subtracting from this quantity the algebraic sum of his/her responses to all eight of the
negatively-worded items. Similarly, for the Depression Scale, a total score is computed for
each participant by algebraically summing his/her responses to all ten of the positively-
worded items and by subtracting from this quantity the algebraic sum of his/her responses to
all ten of the negatively-worded items. Albert Mehrabian developed this Trait Anxiety and
Depression and established high validity
and reliability for the test

Reliabilities :
The Trait Anxiety Scale has an alpha internal consistency-reliability coefficient of .91. The
corresponding alpha reliability coefficient for the Depression Scale is .95. Both reliability
coefficients are very high, showing that availability of a conceptual framework for each scale
was helpful in constructing short, yet highly reliable, scales.
Convergent Validity:
The Mehrabian Trait Anxiety and Depression scales were administered to a sample of 46
participants along with the Zung (1965) Depression Scale and the Spielberger, Gorsuch, and
Lushene (1970) Trait Anxiety Scale. The Mehrabian Depression Scale correlated .79 with
Zung's Scale; the Mehrabian Anxiety Scale correlated .68 with the Spielberger et al. Scale.
Both correlations were indicative of convergent validity.

Instructions :
The following instructions were given to the subjects : The Subject(s) is asked to sit
comfortably and informed “You will found below a number of phrases, you have to read each
one carefully and judge to what extent it correctly describes you, to what extent each word is
accurate or inaccurate such as if accurate means please write along side of each phrase- +4
=if extremely accurate ,+3 =if very accurate ,+2 =if moderately accurate ,+1 =if slightly
accurate ,0 =if neither accurate nor inaccurate Followed by if the words are inaccurate -1 = if
slightly inaccurate ,-2 = if moderately inaccurate ,-3 = if very inaccurate ,-4 = if extremely
inaccurate. Please don’t omit any item. There is no time limit for the test, but try to answer as
quickly as possible, there is no right or wrong answer please be frank and honest, your
answer will be treated confidential and will be used for academic purpose only.

Rationale for Selecting the Scale :

The Albert Mehrabian the 16-item Trait Anxiety and 20-item Depression scales are designed
for use with individuals aged 13 and older who are fluent in English. Together, the two scales
require 5-10 minutes for administration. And each item in the scale is a word or phrase which
is simple and easy to understand to identify oneself with that of each word or phrase. The
main advantage of this scale is the researcher can administer the scale in group setting or in
individual setting. Considering these advantages, this scale is considered to be the most
promising research tool for use in the present research study.
 APPENDIX - A

THE MEHRABIAN TRAIT ANXIETY ANDDEPRESSION SCALES

INSTRUCTIONS
The following instructions were given for the subjects
The Subject(s) is asked to sit comfortably and informed
“You will found below a number of phrases, you have to read each one carefully and
judge to what extent it correctly describes you, to what extent each word is accurate or
inaccurate such as if accurate means please write along side of each phrase- +4 =if
extremely accurate ,+3 =if very accurate ,+2 =if moderately accurate ,+1 =if slightly
accurate ,0 =if neither accurate nor inaccurate Followed by if the words are inaccurate -1
= if slightly inaccurate ,-2 = if moderately inaccurate ,-3 = if very inaccurate ,-4 = if
extremely inaccurate. Please don’t omit any item. There is no time limit for the test, but
try to answer as quickly as possible, there is no right or wrong answer please be frank and
honest, your answer will be treated confidential and will be used for academic purpose
only.
Please rate how accurately each word, given below, describes your personal
characteristics. Enter one of the nine numbers from the following ACCURATE-
INACCURATE scale in the space provided alongside each word. Try to describe the way
you are as a person. That is, for each word, decide, just how accurately it describes you as
a person in general. +4 = extremely accurate
+3 = very accurate
+2 = moderately accurate
+1 = slightly accurate
0 = neither accurate nor inaccurate
-1 = slightly inaccurate
-2 = moderately inaccurate
-3 = very inaccurate
-4 = extremely inaccurate
I am:
______ 1. Sad and gloomy
______ 2. Happy
______ 3. Hopeless
______ 4. Feeling life is wonderful
______ 5. Satisfied with my past
______ 6. Bored
______ 7. A failure
______ 8. Enjoying life
______ 9. Useful and needed
______ 10. Lonely
______ 11. Working well and competently
______ 12. Withdrawn from others
______ 13. Energetic
______ 14. Liked by most people
______ 15. Unable to make decisions
______ 16. Feeling guilty
______ 17. Hopeful
______ 18. Tired and weak
______ 19. Thinking well and clearly
______ 20. Feeling I'd be better off dead
+4 = extremely accurate
+3 = very accurate
+2 = moderately accurate
+1 = slightly accurate
0 = neither accurate nor inaccurate
-1 = slightly inaccurate
-2 = moderately inaccurate
-3 = very inaccurate
-4 = extremely inaccurate
I am:
______ 1. Nervous
______ 2. Tense
______ 3. Relaxed
______ 4. Comfortable
______ 5. Distressed
______ 6. Upset
______ 7. At ease
______ 8. Not distracted easily
______ 9. Anxious
______ 10. Untroubled
______ 11. Worried
______ 12. Leisurely
______ 13. Fearful
______ 14. Stressed
______ 15. Secure
______ 16. Satisfied
 THE ATTRIBUTION OF SUCCESS AND FAILURE INVENTORY

Description of the tool

The Attribution of Success and Failure Inventory assesses the respondents attributional
thinking – to what they attribute success and failure (to internal or external factors and to the
stable or variable factors). It contains 16 items for success and 16 items for failures, which
are given in pairs. It measures the following dimensions:
• Self-directedness: It is the orientation of taking personal responsibility for, and influencing
most matters significant to oneself (personal internal control). A self-directed person will
exercise his /her choice in most situations.
• Group directedness: It is the orientation of attributing (giving
credit or blaming for) results in most matters significant to oneself, to group to which one
belongs (collective internal control). A group-directed person will follow group norms and
work with team to influence situations.
• Compliance: A conformist will be guided by the wishes of the significant persons.
• Fatalism: A person with a high score will attribute most outcomes to external forces and is
not most likely to exercise much effort to bring about a change.
• Optimism: It refers to attributing lack of success, miseries and bad experiences to variable
(temporary or specific) factors..
• Pessimism: It refers to attributing success and good experiences to variable (temporary or
specific) factors.
• Self-confidence: It is the ratio of internality to externality.
• Hope: It is the ratio of attribution to variables and attribution to stable factors.

Administration of the tool

In administering the questionnaire, the following instructions are to be given which are as
follows:
‘Many factors contribute to the success or lack of success of people. Some of these are given
below in pairs. Please distribute FOUR points between each of the two terms of each
pair(4,0;3,1;1,3;0,4)to indicate how much you believe they contribute to success or lack of
success. There is no right or wrong answer; we are interested only in your personal opinion.’
Scoring

Scoring for the Attribution of Success and Failure Inventory is done in the following manner:
1. The response scores should be transferred to 32 items of the Inventory.
2. Once the responses have been transferred, total them.
3. After obtaining the raw scores, one has to see the corresponding Quotient value for the
Raw Scores.

Interpretation of the scores

The raw scores for each dimension are converted into Quotient values. The quotient ranges
from 0 – 100. Separate Quotient values are given for the eight dimensions. Higher the
Quotient, higher is the level of the individual in that particular dimension.

Reliability and validity

The reliability coefficient of the questionnaire was determined through Split half method and
was found significant at 0.01 level.

Validity:
All the variables of the Attribution of Success and Failure Inventory were correlated with the
scores on Rotter’s SRI (1954) indicating the external locus of control for a group of 164.
Thus the construct validity of attribution to internal-external and stablevariable factors as
independent constructs has been established. The co-efficient of correlation were significant
at 0.01 level.
 Attribution of Success and Failure Inventory

Many factors contribute to the success or lack of success of people. Some of these are
given below in pairs. Please distribute four points between each of the two terms of
each pair (4,0; 3,1;1,3; 0,4) to indicate how much you believe they contribute to
success or lack of success. There are no right or wrong answers; we are interested
only in your personal opinion.

A. In your opinion, how much each of the two factors in each pair contributes
towards success of a person?
1a) Talent
b) Hard work

2a) Family background

b) Competent guides

3a) Market dynamics

b) Motivation

4a) Competent colleagues

b) Supportive colleagues

5a) Supportive family

b) Fate

6a) Supportive boss

b) Specific opportunity

7a) Support system

b) General ability
8a) Cultural background
b) Supportive family

9a) Supportive boss

b) Basic ability

10a) Efficiency
b) Supportive team

11a) Social conditions

b) Competent colleagues

12a) Competent guides

b) Fate

13a) Hard work

b) Competent guide

14a) Talent
b) Affluent family

15a) Fate
b) Resources

16a) Supportive family

b) Supportive colleagues
B .In your opinion, how much each factor in each pair contributes more towards
failure of a person.

17a) Lack of talent

b) Laziness

18a) Family background

b) Incompetent guides

19a) Bad market conditions

b) Lack of motivation

20a) Incompetent colleagues

b) Hostile colleges

21a) Indifferent family

b) Fate

22a) Bad boss

b) Lack of opportunity

23a) Bad organization

b) Low ability

24a) Cultural background

b) Uncooperative family

25a) Bad boss

b) Lack of ability
26a) Inefficiency
b) Hostile team

27a) Unfavorable conditions

b) Incompetent colleagues

28a) Incompetent guides

b) Fate

29a) Laziness
b) Incompetent guide

30a) Lack of talent

b) Poor family

31a) Fate
b) Lack of resources

32a) Unsupportive family

b) Unsupportive colleagues
 THE COMMUNICATION SKILLS QUESTIONNAIRE
Introduction: Learning to communicate in a professional manner in a variety of contexts
with people from a diverse range of backgrounds can be difficult, but it is a fundamental skill
without which it is difficult to perform many other social work tasks or, perhaps, the social
work role at all.
Communication not always, but sometimes, takes place in difficult and challenging contexts.
Communicating with people with different communication needs to you can also pose
challenges if you do not speak the same language or know enough about their specific mode
of communication or preferences.
For qualified or student social workers who are communicating with service users, careers or
other professionals, or for students in simulated situations such as role play carried out in
front of peers and teachers, these circumstances can conjure up a variety of uncomfortable
emotions. Perceived Family and Peer Support Scale A scale developed by Procidano and
Heller (1983) were used to evaluate the qualitative characteristics of social support provided
to the students by their peers and families, for example, "I give my friends good ideas on how
to do things or make things", "My parents help me solve my problems".
Administration: The researcher administered the questionnaire to the students in group.

Reliability and validity: The reliability and validity of CSQ were evaluated. In the study,
Cronbach's alpha was 0.80 and the coefficient of validity was 0.76. This questionnaire is a
good psychometric method of evaluating the communication skills.

Scoring: The scale has 32 items evaluated on a four point scale: Never, Occasionally,
Frequently, and Always. The responses vary from 1 (never) to 4 (always). The highest score
is 128 and the lowest is 32. High scores indicate that the individual perceives him/herself to
be competent in communication skills.

Interpretation of scores

32-64 Below average

65-97 average
98-128 high
Evaluate how well you communicate by responding to the following statements. Mark the
options that are closest to your experience. Be as honest as you can: Options
1. NEVER 2. OCCASIONALLY 3. FREQUENTLY 4. ALWAYS
1. I communicate the right message to the right person at the right time.
2. I think carefully about a message before I decide how to communicate it.
3. I project myself self – confidence and speak confidently.
4. I welcome feedback about my communication.
5. I listen intently and check I have understood before I reply.
6. I try to exclude personal prejudices of all kind when judging others.
7. I am constructive and civil when I meet others.
8. I take time to give people the information they need and want.
9. I use one – to –one meeting for reviews of performance and coaching.
10. I question people to find out what they think and how they are getting on.
11. I hand out written briefs that give all pertinent information on a task.
12. I use professional phone techniques to improve my communication.
13. I communicate via all available electronic media.
14. I apply rules of good writing to external and internal communications.
15. I use an effective system of note taking for minutes, interviews and research.
16. I test important letters and documents on reliable critics before finalizing.
17. I use fast reading techniques to speed up my work rate.
18. I prepare speeches carefully and deliver them well after rehearsal.
19. I take an active and highly visible role in internal training.
20. I plan important events, such as conferences, to high professional standards.
21. I apply the rules of soft and hard selling to put across my points of view.
22. I enter negotiations fully primed on issues and on the other side’s needs.
23. I make my reports accurate, concise and clear. And well structured.
24. I research thoroughly before putting forward a written proposal.
25. I try to understand how all relevant audiences react to the organization.
26. I consider how skilled advisers can help on public relations issues.
27. I make useful contacts with journalists and other media people.
28. I make sure specialist work such as a design is done by qualified professionals.
29. My briefs to advertising agencies are based on clearly defined business targets.
30. I give priority to communicating regularly with employees.
31. I receive and react positively to feedback from employees and others.
32. I have a strategy for communications and check activities against this plan.
 THE LOCO INVENTORY

Description of the tool

Loco inventory has been developed for use in organizations. The locus of control orientations
is reflected in the way people feel about what happens in the organisation; how much control
has in important organizational matters. These matters relate to success or effectiveness,
influence, acceptability, career advancement, and rewards. The inventory is self administered.
Respondents rate each statement on a five-point scale, indicting how strongly they feel about
the statement. The concept of locus of control by levenson (1972) was used to develop loco
inventory (locus of control in organizations inventory). Levenson (1972) distinguished
between two types of external loci of control; significant others, and luck or chance.

Administration
The experimenter administered the questionnaire to the employees individually for some
and in group for some.

Reliability
Split half reliability coefficient for the instrument were 0.43,0.45 and 0.55 respectively for I,
E-O, [Link], and even-odd reliability coefficients were 0’41,0.48 and 0.54
respectively.

Validity
High correlation 0.89 between levenson’s instrument and loco inventory, in a sample of
twenty-six bankers, indicates the validity of the inventory. The three measures I, EO, EC was
correlated with internality, both on rotters (1966) and valechas (1988) instruments. Three
ratios were also used from loco inventory (I/EO;I/EL; andI/EO+EL). These give the pure
forms of internality. Here the external scores are negatively correlated with Internality scored
on rotters and valechas instruments; the level of significance is higher on rotters scale. The
ratio of internality/EO and internality/total EC are significantly correlated with rotter’s
internality, although the correlation with valechas internality is not significant. These data
indicate acceptable validity of loco inventory, although further studies are desirable. Factor
analysis explained about 49%lysis of data from 328 managers belonging to a large multi
vocational public sector steel company, showed three factors and the loading of 30 Items on
the three-factors. Principle components analysis was used with equamax rotation. The three
factors explained about 49% variance. Factors 1, 2 3 are external-others and externality luck
and internality respectively. Some items have significant loadings on more than one factor.
Factor analysis construct validity of the instrument.

Scoring
The subjects are required to mark 4, 3, 2 or 1 as their responses, 4 if they think the statement
is highly relevant to them and 1 if it is least relevant. A 5-point scale is used in scoring
responses. Scoring sheet can be used to get scores on I, EO and EC. Scores on each of the
three dimensions of locus of control (internaliy, externality –o, externality-l should be
totalled; these will range from 0 to 40 for each. in order to convert then into a 100 point scale,
the total can be multiplied by 2.5.

Interpretation
Internality
_ 33 and above- very high internality, indicating that they have high self-confidence.
However they may be unrealistic sometimes in assessing the
difficulties and problems in achieving their goals.
_ 29-32- high trusts in ones ability and effort is likely to lead to effective use of
these.
_ 18-21- individual lacks self-trust and needs to take steps to examine his /her
strengths and by using feedback from others.
_ 17 or less that 17- very little confidence in their efforts and is likely to lead to
effective use of these.

External others
_ 21-29- realistic dependence
_ 17-20--independence orientation
_ 16 and less than 16 orientation of counter dependence

External luck or chance

_ Less than 10- lead to frustration when unforeseen factors come in the way.
Given below are some statements that show how people experience their organizations.
There are no right or wrong answers. Read each statement and indicate the extent to
which you feel that way, based on your experience in the organization. Use the following
key in indicating your rating. Mark it on the left hand side of each statement.

Write 4 if you strongly feel this way

Write 3 if you generally feel this way
Write 2 if you some what feel this way (and somewhat not)
Write 1 if you slightly feel this way
Write 0 if you hardly or never feel this way

1. I can largely determine what matters to me in the organization.

2. The course of my career largely depends on me.
3. My success or failure depends mostly on the effort I put in.
4. The persons who are important control most matters here.
5. To a large extent, my career depends on my seniors.
6. My effectiveness in this organization is mostly determined by my seniors.
7. The organization one joins or the job one gets are to a large extent, accidental
happenings.
8. Ones career is to a great extent, matter of chance.
9. Success of a person depends on the breaks or chances he (she) gets.
10. Successful completion of assignments is mainly due to my detailed planning and
hard work.
11. Being liked by seniors or making a good impression usually influence promotion
decisions.
12. Getting rewards in this organization is a matter of luck.
13. Success of one’s plans to a large extent is, a matter of luck
14. Getting promotion largely depends on my being in the right place at the right
time.
15. Senior persons preference determines who would be rewarded in the organization.
16. My success to a large extent depends on my competence and hard work.
17. How much I am liked in the organization depends on my seniors.
18. It is a matter of luck that people listen to you.
19. If my seniors do not like me, I probably would not succeed in the organization.
20. Usually I am responsible for getting or not getting, rewards.
21. My success or failure is mostly a matter of luck.
22. My success or failure depends mostly on those who work with me.
23. My promotion in the organization depends mostly on my ability and effort.
24. My experience in that most things in the organization are beyond one’s control.
25. I can work enough to get my suggestions accepted in the organization.
26. I am acceptable to others in my organization because I am lucky.
27. Generally I determine what happens to me in the organization.
28. My acceptability to others will depend on my behavior with them.
29. My ideas get accepted if I make them fit with desires of my seniors.
30. Pressure groups are more powerful (and control things) in the organization than
individual employees toward desired life goals and towards desired ways of being.

84
 Type A/B stress test

Scoring

The questionnaire in a five point scale. Each response is assigned to particular score. The
total score is found out by adding all the corresponding scores of the response.

Interpretation

50-A+

40-50-A

30-39-A-

20-29-B+

10-19-B
 Type A/B stress test

Instructions: please rate yourself on the items listed below by circling the answer that is most
true for you.

1-almost never

2-rarely

3-average

4-sometimes

5-almost always

1. Do you feel hurried and pressured as if you do not have enough 1 2 3 4 5

time for everything?
2. Do you set self-imposed deadlines and quotas for yourself? 1 2 3 4 5
3. Do you bring job problems or actual work home with you? 1 2 3 4 5
4. Do you see yourself as competitive, ambitious and achievement 1 2 3 4 5
oriented?
5. Do you have trouble just relaxing, taking it easy, or goofing off? 1 2 3 4 5

6. Would your spouse or friends describe you as hard- driving and as 1 2 3 4 5

living a pressured life style?
7. Would you say that you put forth much more effort than the average 1 2 3 4 5
worker in you occupation?
8. Do you feel angry or get hostile if someone frustrates you or gets in 1 2 3 4 5
the way of your accomplishing your goal?
9. Do you regularly keep two or more activities or tasks going at the 1 2 3 4 5
Same time, switching back and forth between them?
10. Would you say your everyday life is filled mostly with problems 1 2 3 4 5
needing solutions rather than a predictable routine of events?
 VIOLENCE SCALE

Description of tool:
The severity of violence scale comprises two complimentary and equivalent forty six items
rating scale (Severity Violence Against Women Scales, Severity of Violence Against Men
Scales) used to determine types and severity of violence inflicted by men on women and by
women on men, in domestic relationships. This was developed by L.L MARSHALL. The
scale consists of a list of 46 acts of implied or actual violence, with respondents indicating the
frequency with which their partner engages in those threats and actions. Items are identical
for men- against-women violence and womenagainst- men violence, with the exception that
pronouns are changed. It is a 6- point scale ranging from 0 = never to 5 = A great many
times. Items are scored according to three dimensions: (1) threats if violence, (2) acts of
violence, and (3) sexual aggression. Psychometric properties: reliability and validity data are
not published, but the author indicated that alpha generally ranges from .76 to .96, although
coefficients in the .68 to .78 range have been found for sexual aggression on the Violence
Against Men Scales. Along with these questionnaire few personal information was collected
from the e participants.

Administration:
Administration SVS is quiet difficult. Questionnaire was given to the respondents in their
house. Privacy is maintained. The investigator given assurance about the confidentiality of
results.. Asked them to fill both the columns with appropriate ratings given in the
questionnaire. Asked them to fill the numbers genuinely. The examiner was satisfied that all
the columns and rows are filled and was collected.

Scoring:
Each question was coded in the dimensions of severity of violence.
Severity of Violence against Men Scales (SVAMS)
1. Threats of violence
a. Threats of mild violence: 5, 6, 7, 9, 11.
b. Threats of moderate violence: 1, 2, 3, 4, 9, 10, 11.
c. Threats of serious violence: 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19.
2. Acts of violence
a. Mild violence violence:20, 21, 23, 27.
b. Minor violence: 24, 25, 26, 28, 34.
c. Moderate violence : 29, 30, 31, 33.
d. Serious violence: 32, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40.
3. Sexual aggression: 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 45.
Severity of Violence against Women Scales (SVAMS)
1. Threats of violence:
a. Symbolic violence:1, 2, 3, 4.
b. Threats of mild violence: 5, 6, 7, 8.
c. Threats of moderate violence: 9, 10, 11, 12.
d. Threats of serious violence: 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19.
2. Acts of violence
a. Mild violence : 20, 21, 22, 23.
b. Minor violence: 24, 25, 26, 27, 28.
c. Moderate violence: 29, 30, 31.
d. Serious viuolence: 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40.
3. Sexual aggression: 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46.
 Well-Being Questionnaire

Description
The scale was used to measure the psychological well being of the orthopedically
disabled students. It was developed by Goldberg in the year 1972. The original version of
this scale contains 60 items which measures physical and psychological health. This 12 item
version exclusively measures the psychological well being of the individual. It consists of 12
items asking whether the respondent has already experiencing a particular symptom rated on
a four point rating scale. In the questionnaire the options are A, better than usual, B, same as
usual, C, less than usual, D, much less than usual. The subjects are required to give the most
appropriate response.

Administration procedure

The experimenter administers the test individually or in group.

Reliability and validity

The test retest reliability of this scale was found to be 0.95. This has been established
by banks (1980), and Khaleque and Jahen (1986). The original and subsequent studies
(Goldberg, 1978) have provided evidence of validity of General Health Questionnaire – 12 as
shown by its linear association with independent clinical assessment.

Scoring

The responses are marked as for a: 3, b: 2, c: 1 and d: 0.

Interpretation

Total attainable range of score is 0 – 36.

¾ 0 – 12 Poor Well Being
¾ 13 – 24 Average Well Being
¾ 25 – 36 Better Well Being
 Psychological Well-Being Questionnaire

Here below are given some questions. You are requested to give your True and Frank
answers to them against each question there are four responses. Indicate your most
appropriate answer with tick mark.

1. In the last few weeks have you been able to concentrate on whatever you are
doing?
a) Better than usual b) Same as usual
c) Less than usual d) Much less than usual

2. In the last few weeks have you lost much sleep over worry?
a) Not at all b) No more than usual
c) Rather more than usual c) Much more than usual

3. In the last few weeks have you felt you are playing a useful part in things?
a) More than usual b) same as usual
c) Less than usual c) Much less than usual

4. In the last few weeks have you felt that you are capable of making decision about
things?
a) More than usual b) same as usual
c) Less than usual c) Much less than usual

5. In the last few weeks have you felt constantly under strain?
a) Not at all b) No more than usual
c) Rather more than usual c) Much more than usual

6. In the last few weeks have you felt you could not overcome your difficulties?
a) Not at all b) No more than usual
c) Rather more than usual c) Much more than usual
7. In the last few weeks have you been able to enjoy your normal day-to-day
activities?
a) More than usual b) same as usual
c) Less than usual c) Much less than usual

8. In the last few weeks have you been able to face up your problems?
a) More than usual b) same as usual
c) Less than usual c) Much less than usual

9. In the last few weeks have you been feeling unhappy and depressed?
a) Not at all b) No more than usual
c) Rather more than usual c) Much more than usual

10. In the last few weeks have you been losing confidence in yourself?
a) Not at all b) No more than usual
c) Rather more than usual c) Much more than usual

11. In the last few weeks have you been thinking of yourself as a worthless person?
a) Not at all b) No more than usual
c) Rather more than usual c) Much more than usual

12. In the last few weeks have you been feeling reasonably happy all things
considered?
a) More than usual b) same as usual
c) Less than usual c) Much less than usual
 WORK LOCUS OF CONTROL SCALE
Paul E. Spector

Description of the tool: The Work Locus of Control Scale (WLCS) is a 16 item instrument
designed to assess control beliefs in the workplace. It is a domain specific locus of control
scale that correlates about .50 to .55 with general locus of control. The format is summated
rating with six response choices: disagree very much, disagree moderately, disagree slightly,
agree slightly, agree moderately, agree very much, and scored from 1 to 6, respectively.
Total score is the sum of all items, and ranges from 16 to 96. The scale has been shown to
relate to several work variables, including job performance and job satisfaction. It also relates
to counterproductive behaviour and organizational commitment.

Administration of the tool: The following instructions are given. “This scale studies your
beliefs about your present job. Here is a list of statements, and you will have to mark your
appropriate answer on a six point scale ranging from strongly disagreeing to agreeing very
much. Please be frank and honest. There is no right or wrong answers.
Reliability and Validity: Internal consistency (coefficient alpha) generally ranges from .80
to .85 in the English language version. Test-retest reliability for a year was reported as .57 by
Bond & Bunce (2003) and .60 by Moyle (see Moyle, 1995).

Scoring method: The Work Locus of Control Scale or WLCS has half of its items written in
each direction--external and internal. Scores on the scale can range from 16 to 96. Each item
can have a score from 1 to 6 if original response choices are used. High scores on the scale
represent externality, so the scores on the internally worded items must be reversed before
summing. This is because a score of 6 representing strongest possible agreement on an
externally worded item is equivalent to a score of 1 representing strongest possible
disagreement on an internally worded item. Below is the step by step procedure for scoring.

1. Responses to the items should be numbered from 1 representing strongest disagreement to

6 representing strongest agreement with each. This assumes that the scale has not been
modified and original response choices are used.

2. The internally worded items should be reverse scored. Below are the reversals for the
original item score in the left column and reversed item score in the right. The rightmost
values should be substituted for the leftmost. This can also be accomplished by subtracting
the original values for the internal items from 7.
1 = 6; 2 = 5; 3 = 4; 4 = 3; 5 = 2; 6 = 1

3. Internally worded items are 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 11, 14, and 15.

4. Sum responses to all 16 items after the reversals from step 2.

5. If some items are missing you must make an adjustment otherwise the score will be too
low. The best procedure is to compute the mean score per item for the individual, and
substitute that mean for missing items. For example, if a person does not make a response to
1 item, take the total from step 4, divide by the number answered or 15, and substitute this
number for the missing item by adding it to the total from step 4. An easier but less accurate
procedure is to substitute a middle response for the missing items. Since the center of the
scale is between 3 and 4, either number could be used. Usually one would alternate the two
numbers as missing items occur.
 WORK MOTIVATION QUESTIONNAIRE
Agarwal

Description of the Tool:

The Scale consists of 26 items measured on a 5 point likert scale namely;
Always, Most of the time, Sometimes, A few times and Never. The 26 items measures the
six factors namely;
• Dependence
• Organizational Orientation
• Work group relations
• Material incentives
• Psychological Incentives
• Job satisfaction
Procedure:
ƒ “A number of statements that people use to describe themselves are
given below. Read each statement and then fill in the circle with the number this
indicates hoe you feel right now. Remember that there is no right or wrong answers. Do
not spend too much time on any statement, but give the answer which seems to best
describe your present feelings”

RELIABILITY:
Internal Consistency of the instrument was found out by split-half method.
The reliability co-efficient by Spearman Brown formula was very high i.e. .994.

VALIDITY:
Face Validity: Face validity was computed by circulating the questionnaire
among 22 judges who were all practicing psychologists. Using a 5-point scale judges rated 24
items.
Item Validity: In order to find out the item validity, item correlations with
total work motivation score were computed. All the items had high co-efficient of correlation
with the total score significant beyond 1% level of confidence.
Factorial Validity: In order to find out the factorial validity all the items were
factor analyzed using principal component method.
SCORING METHOD:
All the items were liker types which were rated on five points scale. Since the
items were liker type, summated scoring is done by assigning 5 to most positive response and
1 to the extreme negative response.
The Responses are marked as;
a–5
b–4
c–3
d–2
e–1
INTERPRETATION:
Total attainable range of score is 0 – 130.
0 – 26 Low Motivational Level
27 – 104 Moderate Motivational Level
105 – 130 High Motivational Level
 QUESTIONIRE
1. All in all how satisfied are you with your job?
a. Very satisfied with my job.
b. Fairly satisfied.
c. Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied.
d. Somewhat dissatisfied.
e. Very dissatisfied with my job.
2. Considering your skills and efforts you put into the job; how satisfied are you with
your pay?
a. Very satisfied with my pay.
b. Fairly satisfied with my pay.
c. Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied with my pay.
d. Somewhat dissatisfied with my pay.
e. Very dissatisfied with my pay.
3. How do you feel about the way tea breaks, lunch breaks, hours of work and the like
are handled in your office?
a. I am Very satisfied.
b. Somewhat satisfied.
c. Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied.
d. Somewhat dissatisfied.
e. I am Very dissatisfied.
4. How much satisfied do you feel about your chances of promotion in your
organization?
a. Completely satisfied.
b. Fairly satisfied.
c. A Little satisfied.
d. Somewhat dissatisfied.
e. I am Very dissatisfied.
5. How do you feel about your organization employees benefits as compared with those
in other similar organization?
a. I am Very satisfied.
b. Somewhat satisfied.
c. Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied.
 d. Somewhat dissatisfied.
e. I am Very dissatisfied.
6. How do you like the kind of work you do in your organization?
a. It is exactly a kind of work I like best.
b. I like it very much.
c. It is alright.
d. I do not like it very much.
e. I dislike it very much.
7. How do people work here your organization?
a. To keep their job, make money, get promoted, do a satisfying job and because
other people in their work group except.
b. To keep their job, make money, get promoted, and for satisfaction of job well
done.
c. To keep their jobs, make money, and to get promoted.
d. To keep their job and make money.
e. Just to keep their job and for not being chewed out.
8. Are there things about working here (people, policies or conditions) that discourage
you from working here?
a. Not practically anything around here encourages me to work here.
b. Not most around here encourage to work here.
c. About as many things discourage me as encourage me.
d. Yes, great many things around here discourage me from working here.
e. Yes, but practically everything around here encourages me from working here.

9. To what extent does your job give you a chance to use your best abilities to do things
you are best at?
a. To a very great extent
b. To a considerable extent.
c. To some extent.
d. To a very little extent.
e. Not at all.
10. To what extent does your work here help you learn more about your profession or
occupation?
a. To a very great extent
b. To a great extent.
c. To some extent.
d. To a very little extent.
e. Not at all.
11. If you had a chance to do some kind of work for same pay in another organization,
would you stay here?
a. I would stay in this organization.
b. I would stay if things seem to change here.
c. I can’t stay.
d. I would prefer to go if conditions are better in other organization.
e. I would prefer to go to the other organization.
12. To what extent the people who make decisions are aware of problems at lower levels
in the organization?
a. To a very great extent
b. To a considerable extent.
c. To some extent.
d. To a very little extent.
e. Not at all.
13. Do you agree that the work-assignments are well planned in your organization?
a. Extremely well planned.
b. Very well planned.
c. Fairly well planned.
d. Not too well planned.
e. Not well planned.
14. To what extent do people in your work group show you how to improve your
performance?
a. To a very great extent
b. To a considerable extent.
c. To some extent.
d. To a very little extent.
e. Not at all.
15. How often your immediate superior talks to you in the appreciates, encourages way?
a. Always.
b. Most of the time.
c. Sometimes.
d. A few times.
e. Never.
16. How often your immediate superior talks to you in giving direction and suggestions?
a. Always.
b. Most of the time.
c. Sometimes.
d. A few times.
e. Never.
17. How often your immediate superior talks to you in the way of criticizes and refuse to
help?
a. Always.
b. Most of the time.
c. Sometimes.
d. A few times.
e. Never.
18. How often your immediate superior talks to you in the way of harasses asks for
explanation?
a. Always.
b. Most of the time.
c. Sometimes.
d. A few times.
e. Never.
19. To what extent do you have confidence and trust in the people in your work group?
a. To a very great extent
b. To a considerable extent.
c. To some extent.
d. To a very little extent.
e. Not at all.
20. How free do you feel to discuss your personal problems with your immediate
superior?
 a. I always feel free to discuss.
b. I usually feel free.
c. Sometimes I feel free.
d. Only once a while
e. Never feel free.
21. Suppose you were having some sort of difficulty in your job. To what extent do you
feel your immediate superior would be willing to go out of way help you if you ask
for it?
a. To a very great extent
b. To a considerable extent.
c. To some extent.
d. To a very little extent.
e. Not at all.
22. To what extent do the members of staff in your work group make an effort to avoid
creating problems or interference?
a. To a very great extent
b. To a great extent.
c. To some extent.
d. To a very little extent.
e. Not at all.
23. How much satisfied do you feel with the recognition your work gets?
a. Very satisfied
b. Fairly satisfied
c. Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied
d. Somewhat satisfied.
e. Very dissatisfied.
24. To what extent do you feel you are responsible for your work?
a. To a very great extent
b. To a great extent.
c. To some extent.
d. To a little extent.
e. Not at all.

25. To what extent do you feel free to plan your own work?
 a. To a very great extent
b. To a great extent.
c. To some extent.
d. To a little extent.
e. Not at all.
26. To what extent do you feel you are doing useful work here?
a. To a very great extent
b. To a great extent.
c. To some extent.
d. To a little extent.
e. Not at all.