ACADEMIC YEAR 2024-2025
SUBJECT: ENGLISH. (GRAMMAR)
DATE: 12/9/2024.
CLASS/SECTION : (8D)
Objectives:
1. Identify and use simple past, simple present, and simple future tenses.
2. Transform affirmative sentences into negative and question forms.
3. Apply tense usage in exercises and real-life contexts.
1- SIMPLE PAST TENSE
The simple past tense is used to talk about actions or situations that started and finished in the past.
*Uses:
- *Completed Actions: Describes something that happened at a specific time in the past.
- Example: She visited her grandmother last week.
- *Series of Completed Actions: Used to list a sequence of past events.
- Example: I woke up, brushed my teeth, and went to work.
- *Duration in the Past: Refers to an action that took place over a period of time in the past.
- Example: They lived in Japan for five years.
*Form: Subject + past form of the verb (regular verbs add -ed; irregular verbs have unique forms)
*Examples:
- We watched a movie last night.
- He bought a new car yesterday.
SIMPLE PAST TENSE
Affirmative Sentence Structure: Subject + past form of the verb
Examples:
She walked to the store.
They finished their homework.
2. Forming Questions in Simple Past Tense
To form a question in the simple past tense, use the auxiliary verb "did" followed by the base form of the main
verb. The structure is:
Question Structure: Did + Subject + base form of the verb?
Examples:
Affirmative: She walked to the store.
Question: Did she walk to the store?
Affirmative: They finished their homework.
Question: Did they finish their homework?
SIMPLE PAST TENSE
Note: The verb "did" is used for all subjects (I, you, he, she, it, we, they), and the main verb remains in its
base form.
3. Forming Negative Sentences in Simple Past Tense
To form a negative sentence in the simple past tense, use "did not" (or its contraction "didn't") followed
by the base form of the main verb. The structure is:
Negative Sentence Structure: Subject + did not/didn't + base form of the verb
Examples:
Affirmative: She walked to the store.
Negative: She did not (didn't) walk to the store.
Affirmative: They finished their homework.
Negative: They did not (didn't) finish their homework.
2-SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
The simple present tense is used to express habits, unchanging situations, general truths, and fixed
arrangements.
Uses:
- *Habits: Describes actions that happen regularly.
- Example: I drink coffee every morning.
- *General Truths: States facts that are always true.
- Example: The Earth revolves around the sun.
- *Fixed Arrangements: Used for scheduled events in the near future.
- Example: The train leaves at 6 PM.
- *Instructions or Directions: Often used in giving instructions.
- Example: First, you mix the flour with the eggs.
*Form: Subject + base form of the verb (for he/she/it, add -s or -es to the verb)
Examples:
- He plays tennis on weekends.
- They speak English fluently.
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
Affirmative Sentence Structure: Subject + base form of the verb (or base form + -s/-es/ies for third person singular)
Adding es for verbs end in (s,sh,ch,x,or z) / Change to –ies for verbs that end in a consonant +y /keep –y for verbs
That end in a vowel (a-i-e-o-u) +y ,simply add –s
Examples: I walk to the school./ She walks to work./ He watches a movie every weekend./ She studies Math every day.
2. Forming Questions in Simple Present Tense
To form a question in the simple present tense, use the auxiliary verbs "do" (for I, you, we, they) or "does" (for he, she, it)
followed by the base form of the main verb. The structure is:
Question Structure: Do/Does + Subject + base form of the verb?
Examples:
Affirmative: I walk to work.
Question: Do I walk to work?
Affirmative: She walks to work.
Question: Does she walk to work?
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
Note: Use "do" for I, you, we, and they, and "does" for he, she, and it. The main verb remains in its base form.
3. Forming Negative Sentences in Simple Present Tense
To form a negative sentence in the simple present tense, use "do not" (or its contraction "don't") or "does not" (or
its contraction "doesn't") followed by the base form of the main verb. The structure is:
Negative Sentence Structure: Subject + do not/don't/does not/doesn't + base form of the verb
Examples:
Affirmative: I walk to work.
Negative: I do not (don't) walk to work.
Affirmative: She walks to work.
Negative: She does not (doesn't) walk to work.
3- SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE
The simple future tense is used to describe actions or events that will happen in the future.
*Uses:
- *Predictions: Expresses what we think will happen.
- Example: I think it will rain tomorrow.
- *Decisions Made at the Moment: Used for spontaneous decisions.
- Example: I'm hungry. I will order a pizza.
- *Promises or Offers: Often used to make promises or offers.
Example: I will help you with your homework.
- *Future Plans or Intentions: Describes something planned for the future.
- Example: We will travel to France next year.
*Form: Subject + will + base form of the verb
*Examples:
- She will start her new job next Monday.
- They will meet us at the restaurant at 7 PM.
SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE
Affirmative Sentence Structure: Subject + will + base form of the verb
Examples:
I will go to the store.
She will finish her work.
2. Forming Questions in Simple Future Tense
To form a question in the simple future tense, use the auxiliary verb "will" followed by the subject and the
base form of the main verb. The structure is:
Question Structure: Will + Subject + base form of the verb?
Examples:
Affirmative: I will go to the store.
Question: Will I go to the store?
Affirmative: She will finish her work.
Question: Will she finish her work?
SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE
Note: The word order is straightforward: "Will" comes first, followed by the subject and then the
base form of the main verb.
3. Forming Negative Sentences in Simple Future Tense
To form a negative sentence in the simple future tense, use "will not" (or its contraction "won't")
followed by the base form of the main verb. The structure is:
Negative Sentence Structure: Subject + will not/won't + base form of the verb
Examples:
Affirmative: I will go to the store.
Negative: I will not (won't) go to the store.
Affirmative: She will finish her work.
Negative: She will not (won't) finish her work.
EXERCISES
SIMPLE PAST TENSE
Fill in the blanks:
• Last night, I __________ (watch) a very interesting movie.
• She __________ (bake) a delicious cake for her friend’s birthday yesterday.
• They __________ (not visit) their relatives last week because of the storm.
• He __________ (lose) his wallet on the bus yesterday.
• We __________ (not attend) the concert last weekend.
SIMPLE PAST TENSE
Choose the correct verb:
• The children __________ (played / plays) in the park yesterday .
• She __________ (didn’t / don’t) go to the party last night.
• I __________ (write / wrote) a letter to my friend last month.
• They __________ (didn’t / don’t) see the movie when it was in theaters.
• He __________ (buy / bought) a new phone last week.
SIMPLE PAST TENSE
Change the following sentences into negative and question forms:
• They traveled to Italy last year.
Negative: Question:
• She finished her homework.
Negative: Question:
• He played basketball yesterday.
Negative: Question:
• We visited our grandparents last weekend.
Negative: Question:
• I watched a movie last night.
Negative: Question:
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
Fill in the blanks:
• Every morning, my mother __________ (prepare) breakfast for the family.
• The children __________ (play) in the garden every afternoon.
• She __________ (not understand) the lesson clearly.
• He __________ (work) at a bank and __________ (live) in a big city.
• Birds __________ (fly) south for the winter.
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
Choose the correct verb:
• My brother __________ (drinks / drink) coffee every morning.
• The dogs __________ (barks / bark) at strangers.
• She __________ (don’t / doesn’t) eat fast food.
• I __________ (study / studies) for exams every night.
• They __________ (visit / visits) us during the holidays.
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
Change the following sentences into negative and question forms:
• They play football every weekend.
Negative: Question:
• She eats breakfast at 7 AM.
Negative: Question:
• He watches TV in the evening.
Negative: Question:
• We go to the gym on Mondays.
Negative: Question:
• The cat sleeps on the couch.
Negative: Question:
SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE
Fill in the blanks:
• Tomorrow, I __________ (start) my new job at the company.
• Next week, they __________ (go) on a vacation to the mountains.
• He __________ (not attend) the meeting because he has another appointment.
• We __________ (move) to a new house next month.
• She __________ (not travel) to Europe this year due to her busy schedule.
SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE
Choose the correct verb:
• They __________ (will attend / attends) the conference next month.
• She __________ (will buy / buys) a new car next year.
• We __________ (won’t / don’t) have class tomorrow.
• He __________ (will call / calls) you later today.
• You __________ (will enjoy / enjoys) the new movie.
SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE
Change the following sentences into negative and question forms:
• They will go to the party tomorrow.
Negative: Question:
• She will bake a cake for the party.
Negative: Question:
• He will travel to Japan next summer.
Negative: Question:
• We will study for the exam next week.
Negative: Question:
• I will call you later.
Negative: Question: