​(12) Inheritance:

1) A Sunni Muslim died keeping Mother, father, brother and Sister. Distribute the property.
To distribute the property of a deceased Sunni Muslim according to Hanafi Law of Inheritance, let us analyze
the situation step by step.

Heirs and Their Eligibility

1. Mother: Fixed share of 1/6 (if there are no children).

2. Father: Fixed share of 1/6 (if there are no children), and he will also receive the residual share (Asabah).
3. Brother and Sister: Excluded by the presence of the father (Asabah).

Distribution of Shares

1. Mother: 1/6.
2. Father: 1/6 + 𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑢𝑎𝑙.
3. Brother and Sister: Excluded.

Calculation

Total property is divided into 6 parts (denominator of shares).

After giving the mother 16 , 5 parts remain.
The father gets 16 , plus the remaining 4 parts (as residual).

Final Distribution

1. Mother: 16 .
2. Father: 56 .
3. Brother and Sister: Excluded.

This distribution complies with Hanafi Law of Inheritance and ensures proper allocation based on the
principles of fixed sharers and residual heirs.
2) A died leaving her mother, one daughter, one full sister, daughter of a pre deceased son. Distribute the property
under Hanafi Law and MFLO, 1961.
3) A woman died leaving father, mother and husband. Distribute the Property.
4) A woman died leaving her husband, mother and daughter. Distribute the Property.
5) A man died leaving father, mother and two son's daughter ans son's son's daughters. Distribute the Property.

6) Propositus kept mother, two sister and Father. Distribute the property.
7 . A man died leaving wife, one daughter, daughter of a pre-deceased son, and two paternal cousin brothers.
Distribute the property under Hanafi Law and MFLO, 1961.
8) A man died leaving Father, mother and Wife, Distribute the Property.
9) A man died leaving mother, husband and 2 full sister. Distribute the Property.
10) A man died leaving mother, 2 full sister, uterine sister and consanguine sister. Distribute the Property.
Here is the distribution of inheritance for the given cases under Hanafi Law of Inheritance and the Muslim
Family Laws Ordinance, 1961 (MFLO):

Case 2: A died leaving her mother, one daughter, one full sister, and daughter of a predeceased son.

Fixed Shares:
Mother: 16 .
Daughter: 12 .
Residual Share (Asabah):
Full sister gets the residue.
Daughter of a predeceased son is excluded by the presence of the daughter.

Distribution:
 1. Mother: 16 .
2. Daughter: 12 .
3. Full Sister (residual): \frac{1/3}.

Case 3: A woman died leaving her father, mother, and husband.

Fixed Shares:
Husband: 12 (no children).
Mother: 16 .
Residual Share (Asabah):
Father gets the residual share.

Distribution:

1. Husband: 12 .
2. Mother: 16 .
3. Father (residual): \frac{1/3}.

Case 4: A woman died leaving her husband, mother, and daughter.

Fixed Shares:
Husband: 14 (due to daughter).
Mother: 16 .
Daughter: 12 .
Residual Share:
No residual share; total 1 + 16 + 12 = 1.
4

Distribution:

1. Husband: 14 .
2. Mother: 16 .
3. Daughter: 12 .

Case 5: A man died leaving his father, mother, and two son's daughters and son's son's daughters.

Fixed Shares:
Mother: 16 .
Residual Share (Asabah):
Father inherits as Asabah and excludes son's daughters and son's son's daughters because he is a
closer male relative.

Distribution:

1. Mother: 16 .
2. Father (residual): 56 .

Case 6: Propositus kept mother, two sisters, and father.

Fixed Shares:
Mother: 16 .
Residual Share (Asabah):
Father inherits as Asabah, excluding the sisters.

Distribution:

1. Mother: 16 .
2. Father (residual): 56 .
Case 7: A man died leaving wife, one daughter, daughter of a predeceased son, and two paternal
cousin brothers.

Fixed Shares:
Wife: 18 (due to daughter).
Daughter: 12 .
Residual Share (Asabah):
Daughter of the predeceased son gets the residual share as per MFLO, 1961 (she cannot be
excluded).
Paternal cousin brothers are excluded by the daughter of the predeceased son.

Distribution:

1. Wife: 18 .
2. Daughter: 12 .
3. Daughter of Predeceased Son (residual): \frac{3/8}.

Case 8: A man died leaving his father, mother, and wife.

Fixed Shares:
Wife: 14 (no children).
Mother: 16 .
Residual Share (Asabah):
Father gets the residual share.

Distribution:

1. Wife: 14 .
2. Mother: 16 .
3. Father (residual): \frac{7/12}.

Case 9: A man died leaving his mother, husband, and 2 full sisters.

Fixed Shares:
Husband: 12 .
Mother: 16 .
Residual Share (Asabah):
Full sisters share the residue equally.

Distribution:

1. Husband: 12 .
2. Mother: 16 .
1
3. Full Sisters (residual): 3 (shared equally).

Case 10: A man died leaving his mother, 2 full sisters, uterine sister, and consanguine sister.

Fixed Shares:
Mother: 16 .
Uterine sister: 16 .
Residual Share (Asabah):
Full sisters share the residue equally as Asabah.
Consanguine sister is excluded by the presence of full sisters.

Distribution:

1. Mother: 16 .
2. Uterine Sister: 16 .
2
3. Full Sisters (residual): 3 (shared equally).
Let me know if you need further clarification or detailed calculations.
11) Distribute property of a deceased Muslim in the following cases and justify your distribution:- (10)
a) A died leaving behind father, mother, two daughters and a pre-deceased son's daughter;
b) A died leaving his wife, father and mother; *
c) A died leaving his mother and husband two full sisters; *
d) A died leaving her husband, one daughter, one full sister, daughter of a pre-deceased son. Distribute the
property under Hanafi law of inheritance and The Muslim Family Laws Ordinance, 1961.
12l Distribute property of a deceased Muslim in the following cases and justify your distribution:- (10)
a) A Sunni Muslim died leaving her husband, mother and one daughter.
b) A Hanafi Muslim died keeping his two sisters and two uterine sisters.
c) A died leaving his father, mother, two brothers and two sisters.
d) A Hanafi Muslim died keeping his wife, father, mother, two sons and one daughter.

Distribution of Property Under Hanafi Law of Inheritance and the Muslim Family Laws Ordinance,
1961

The calculations below adhere to Hanafi principles, supplemented by the Muslim Family Laws Ordinance,
1961, which ensures the rights of grandchildren from a predeceased child.

11. Case-wise Distribution

(a) A died leaving behind father, mother, two daughters, and a predeceased son's daughter.

1. Fixed Shares:
Two daughters: 2/3 (shared equally).
Mother: 1/6.
2. Residual Heirs (Asabah):
Father receives the remainder.
Predeceased son's daughter is included under the Muslim Family Laws Ordinance, 1961, sharing
the remainder with the father.

Distribution:

1. Two daughters: 23 (each receives 13 ).

2. Mother: 16 .
3. Predeceased son's daughter and father share the residue 16 , with the father taking double the share of the
granddaughter.

(b) A died leaving his wife, father, and mother.

1. Fixed Shares:
Wife: 1/4 (no children).
Mother: 1/6.
2. Residual Heirs (Asabah):
Father receives the remainder.

Distribution:

1. Wife: 14 .
2. Mother: 16 .
3. Father (residual): \frac{7/12}.

(c) A died leaving his mother, husband, and two full sisters.

1. Fixed Shares:
Husband: 1/2 (no children).
Mother: 1/6.
 2. Residual Heirs (Asabah):
Full sisters receive the remainder.

Distribution:

1. Husband: 12 .
2. Mother: 16 .
3. Two full sisters (residual): \frac{1/3}, shared equally.

(d) A died leaving her husband, one daughter, one full sister, and daughter of a predeceased son.

1. Fixed Shares:
Husband: 1/4 (due to daughter).
Daughter: 1/2 (fixed).
2. Residual Heirs (Asabah):
Full sister receives the residue.
Predeceased son's daughter is excluded by the daughter.

Distribution:

1. Husband: 14 .
2. Daughter: 12 .
3. Full sister (residual): \frac{1/4}.

12. Case-wise Distribution

(a) A Sunni Muslim died leaving her husband, mother, and one daughter.

1. Fixed Shares:
Husband: 1/4 (due to daughter).
Daughter: 1/2 (fixed).
Mother: 1/6.

Distribution:

1. Husband: 14 .
2. Mother: 16 .
3. Daughter: \frac{1/2}.

(b) A Hanafi Muslim died keeping his two full sisters and two uterine sisters.

1. Fixed Shares:
Uterine sisters: 1/3 (shared equally).
2. Residual Heirs (Asabah):
Full sisters share the residue.

Distribution:

1. Uterine sisters: 13 (shared equally).

2. Full sisters: \frac{2/3}, shared equally.

(c) A died leaving his father, mother, two brothers, and two sisters.

1. Fixed Shares:
Mother: 1/6.
2. Residual Heirs (Asabah):
Father receives the remainder.
Brothers and sisters do not inherit because of the father's presence.
Distribution:

1. Mother: 16 .
2. Father: \frac{5/6}.

(d) A Hanafi Muslim died keeping his wife, father, mother, two sons, and one daughter.

1. Fixed Shares:
Wife: 1/8 (due to children).
Mother: 1/6.
2. Residual Heirs (Asabah):
Father does not take the residue directly but absorbs it through his children's inheritance.
The two sons and one daughter inherit the residue, with sons taking double the share of the
daughter (2:1 ratio).

Distribution:

1. Wife: 18 .
2. Mother: 16 .
3. Residual (13/24): Divided among two sons and one daughter in a 2:1 ratio.

If detailed calculations or further clarifications are required, feel free to ask!

13) Distribute property of a deceased Muslim in the following cases and justify your distribution:-
a) A died leaving behind father, father's father, mother, mother's mother, 2 daughters and son's daughter,
b) A died leaving his wife, father and mother,
c) A died leaving his mother and father, father's father and mother's mother, and.
d) A died leaving her husband, one daughter, one full sister, daughter of a pre- deceased son. Distribute the
property under Hanafi law of inheritance and The Muslim Family Laws Ordinance, 1961.
14) Distribute property of a deceased Muslim in the following cases and justify your distribution:-
a) A Sunni Muslim died leaving her husband, mother, two full sisters and one uterine brother.
b) A Hanafi Muslim died keeping his wife, mother and one daughter.
c) A died leaving his father, mother and two daughters.
d) A Hanafi Muslim died keeping his wife, mother, 4 sons and 3 daughters.
To distribute property according to Hanafi Law of Inheritance and the Muslim Family Laws Ordinance,
1961, one must identify the legal heirs and calculate their shares. The basic principles include:

1. Fixed Sharers: Certain heirs have fixed shares, like parents, spouses, children, etc.
2. Residual Sharers (Asabah): After fixed shares are given, the remainder goes to specific residual heirs.
3. Exclusion Principle: Some heirs are excluded based on the presence of nearer heirs.
4. Muslim Family Laws Ordinance, 1961: Prohibits exclusion of predeceased sons' children.

13. Case-wise Distribution

(a) A died leaving father, father's father, mother, mother's mother, 2 daughters, and son's daughter.

Fixed Shares:
2 daughters: 2/3 (shared equally).
Mother: 1/6.
Residual Heirs (Asabah):
Father's father gets the residue as Asabah, and the son's daughter is excluded because of the
presence of two daughters.

Distribution:

1. Daughters: 23 (each receives 13 ).

2. Mother: 16 .
3. Father’s Father (residual): 16 .
(b) A died leaving his wife, father, and mother.

Fixed Shares:
Wife: 1/4 (no children).
Mother: 1/6.
Residual Heirs (Asabah):
Father gets the remainder.

Distribution:

1. Wife: 14 .
2. Mother: 16 .
3. Father (residual): 7.
12

(c) A died leaving his mother, father, father's father, and mother's mother.

Fixed Shares:
Mother: 1/6.
Father: 5/6 (as he absorbs the residual share).
Exclusions:
Father's father and mother's mother are excluded due to nearer heirs (father and mother).

Distribution:

1. Mother: 16 .
2. Father: 56 .

(d) A died leaving her husband, one daughter, one full sister, and daughter of a predeceased son.

Fixed Shares:
Husband: 1/4 (due to daughter).
Daughter: 1/2 (fixed).
Residual Heirs:
Full sister receives the residual share as an Asabah.
Daughter of the predeceased son is excluded by the daughter.

Distribution:

1. Husband: 14 .
2. Daughter: 12 .
3. Full sister (residual): 14 .

14. Case-wise Distribution

(a) A Sunni Muslim died leaving her husband, mother, two full sisters, and one uterine brother.

Fixed Shares:
Husband: 1/2.
Mother: 1/6.
Residual Heirs:
Full sisters share the residue (as Asabah).
Uterine brother is excluded.

Distribution:

1. Husband: 12 .
2. Mother: 16 .
3. Full sisters: \frac{1/3} (shared equally).
(b) A Hanafi Muslim died keeping his wife, mother, and one daughter.

Fixed Shares:
Wife: 1/8 (due to daughter).
Daughter: 1/2.
Mother: 1/6.
Residual Heirs:
Residual share goes to the daughter as Asabah.

Distribution:

1. Wife: 18 .
2. Mother: 16 .
3. Daughter: \frac{13/24}.

(c) A died leaving his father, mother, and two daughters.

Fixed Shares:
Daughters: 2/3 (shared equally).
Mother: 1/6.
Residual Heirs:
Father gets the residual.

Distribution:

1. Daughters: 23 (shared equally).

2. Mother: 16 .
3. Father (residual): 16 .

(d) A Hanafi Muslim died keeping his wife, mother, 4 sons, and 3 daughters.

Fixed Shares:
Wife: 1/8.
Mother: 1/6.
Residual Heirs:
Sons and daughters inherit the residue, with sons receiving double the share of daughters (2:1
ratio).

Distribution:

1. Wife: 18 .
2. Mother: 16 .
3. Residual: \frac{13/24}, divided among 4 sons and 3 daughters in a 2:1 ratio.

For finalized calculations with specific fractions, let me know.