SPEED
vs
VELOCITY
Year 7 Science
Joshua Mark John
LEARNING OUTCOME
By the end of this lesson, you should be
able to:
Define the concepts of speed and velocity
in the context of linear motion.
Interpret distance-time graphs to
calculate and compare speed and
velocity of objects in motion.
Apply the knowledge of speed and
velocity to solve practical problems and
predictions about the motion of objects in
various situations.
INTERESTING TERMS
Average speed- is a measure of how quickly an object moves over a certain
distance during a specified time interval.
Average velocity- is a vector quantity that represents the displacement of an
object per unit of time that has both magnitude and direction of motion.
INTERESTING TERMS
Instantaneous speed- refers to a specific moment in time or at a particular
instant that represents how fast an object is moving at a particular point.
Instantaneous velocity- refers to an object at a specific moment in time or at a
particular
Interesting Video
What is the difference between speed and velocity?
Speed is the measure of distance divided by time. It is a scalar
measurement because speed does not include direction.
Velocity is the measure of speed in a direction. Velocity is a vector
because it measures magnitude and direction.
PAIR ACTIVITY 🐎
I require you to form pairs
Discuss real-world examples of acceleration
Example: Acceleration of a Tesla Model S Plaid 🚘
SPEED
Speed is usually defined as the rate at which an object travels a
distance, and it is a scalar quantity that indicates "how fast an object is
moving."
A fast-moving object travels at a high speed and completes a
significant distance in a brief period of time.
This is in contrast to an object travelling slowly, which travels a
relatively short distance in the same length of time.
Zero speed refers to an object that is not moving at all.
SPEED
Speed is a scalar since it has a magnitude but no direction, similar to
distance.
Speed is a rate, hence it relies on how long an object is moving for.
You can figure out how much time has passed or how much time has
changed, t.
The difference between the beginning and completing times Δt, of
motion
Δt=tf−t0.
which means, Δt= change in time
Tf− final time
T0 - initial time (start)
SPEED
The SI unit of time is the second (s), and the SI unit of speed is meters
per second (m/s), but sometimes kilometers per hour (km/h), miles
per hour (mph) or other units of speed are used.
SPEED
When you describe an object's speed, you often describe the average
over a time period. Average speed, vavg, is the distance traveled
divided by the time during which the motion occurs.
V avg= d/ t (D divided by T)
this means; V avg= average velocity
d= distance
t= time
VELOCITY
A vector quantity that signifies "the rate at which an object changes its
position." Imagine a person moving quickly, taking two steps ahead
and two steps back, constantly returning to the beginning position.
Since the rate at which a position changes determines velocity.
VELOCITY
Velocity is a term used to define an object's direction and speed.
Similar to speed, it is helpful to define either the velocity at a certain
time or the velocity on average over a period of time.
VELOCITY
Average velocity is calculated as displacement divided by the
displacement's duration.
vavg= displacement/ time= Δd/Δt= df- d0/ tf-t0
Which means; vavg= average velocity
Δd= change in distance Δt= change in time
df= final displacement d0= initial displacement
tf = final time t0= initial time
VELOCITY
Velocity is measured in meters per second (m/s), but because it is a
vector, you must also take direction into account.
Practice Time 😶🌫️
A student has a displacement of 304 m north in 180 s. What was the student's average
velocity?
Given:
df= 304 m, north assuming, d0= 0
tf= 180 s t0 = 0
To solve; average velocity
Solution: using the formula = vavg= df- d0/ tf-t0
Substitute the given: = 304m -0 m
180- 0 s
= 1.689 m/s
Practice Time 😶🌫️
Myra Dee covered a total of 440 miles while on vacation. Her journey lasted 8 hours.
How fast did she usually move?
To compute her average speed, we simply divide the distance of travel by the
time of travel.
Solution:
v=d/t
Substitute; 440mi/8hr
Answer = 55mi/hr
ANY QUESTIONS?